Evaluación de alternativas de gestión del regadío tradicional para la reducción del impacto agroambiental
Irrigated agriculture is working towards environmental sustainability but more study is needed regarding the agro-systems� response to alterations imposed on them. This work analyzed the repercussions that alternative irrigation management can cause on agrosystems and its near environment. For thus,...
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| Formato: | text (thesis) |
| Lenguaje: | spa |
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Universidad de Zaragoza (España)
2010
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| Acceso en línea: | https://dialnet.unirioja.es/servlet/oaites?codigo=24047 |
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| Sumario: | Irrigated agriculture is working towards environmental sustainability but more study is needed regarding the agro-systems� response to alterations imposed on them. This work analyzed the repercussions that alternative irrigation management can cause on agrosystems and its near environment. For thus, water use and agri-environmental impact on Irrigation District nº V of Bardenas (Zaragoza, Spain; 15,500 ha) was studied by analyzing its drainage network (2000 and 2007) and the monitorization of one of its hydrogeological basins (D-XIX-6; 65 ha) where were compared years under a traditional irrigation system (2000-2001) to later years (2002-2008) with the implantation of alternative irrigation management (i. assignment of irrigation allowances, ii. on-demand flood irrigation system, and iii. creation of water consumption accounts). Changes in irrigation management contributed to an increase of water use of 26%, with a better adjustment between water consumption and net hydric needs of crops, although during dry years, crops presented water deficits. Increase in irrigation efficiency let to the genesis of petrocalcics (calcite precipitation) and let the punctual sodification of soils. Also was increased salinity and nitrate concentration in irrigation return flows, instead of changes in crop pattern caused a 33% reduction in the nitrogen required through fertilization. However, reduction of water drainage decreased the mass of pollutants exported and, in this way, values of salt contamination index (70% lower) and nitrate contamination index (24% lower). Although changes in irrigation management implemented in this irrigation land caused a negative impact on water quality and agricultural soils, simple alternatives in irrigation management resulted so effective increasing water use and reducing the environmental impact induced by this irrigation land. |
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