La piel de la arquitectura de tierra. Sustancias naturales al servicio de la restauración de superficies del patrimonio vernáculo edificado
The use of natural substances or biopolymers in the improvement of earthen renders has been very common among the building cultures. Further properties like strength, impermeability, hardness and repellency against insects are given to the plasters. Despite the emergence of more complex and sophisti...
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| Formato: | text (thesis) |
| Lenguaje: | spa |
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Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria (España)
2016
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| Materias: | |
| Acceso en línea: | https://dialnet.unirioja.es/servlet/oaites?codigo=49015 |
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| Sumario: | The use of natural substances or biopolymers in the improvement of earthen renders has
been very common among the building cultures. Further properties like strength,
impermeability, hardness and repellency against insects are given to the plasters.
Despite the emergence of more complex and sophisticated industry products, the traditional
practices of plastering have managed to perpetuate, most of them taking place in the
developing countries. However, very little is known of the basic rules about their use, due
to the knowledge of the know-how have been made among the people in an oral tradition.
Thus, this thesis consists in the study and analysis of the biopolymers used to improve the
earthen renders.
It contains two parts: a theoretical part based on the study, compilation and classification of
the biopolymers used throughout the history. It shows the analysis of the literature,
following the biopolymers ordination according to the guidance provided by the organic
chemistry. This discipline divides the organic composites in three categories: proteins,
carbohydrates and lipids.
And a practical part, which consists in the superficial consolidation of a wall, built in
rammed earth, with a local substance. To this end, it has been made the characterization of
local earths to perform specimens to be essays with latex from the plant Euphorbia
balsamífera.
Once the biopolymer has been properly applied in the original wall, a sample was removed
for testing by scientific methods, such as the Infrared Spectroscopy, Raman, FTIR,
Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), X-ray Diffraction and the Stereoscopic and Optic
Microscopy.
The results obtained have allowed, in one hand, the determination of the consolidant
capacity of the Euphorbia concerning the practical part, and on the other hand, forty-three
biopolymers have been located currently in the improvement of the earthen plasters. |
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