Efficacy and safety of biofilm dispersal by glycoside hydrolases in wounds

Novel anti-biofilm and dispersal agents are currently being investigated in an attempt to combat biofilm-associated wound infections. Glycoside hydrolases (GHs) are enzymes that hydrolyze the glycosidic bonds between sugars, such as those found within the exopolysaccharides of the biofilm matrix. Pr...

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Autores principales:	Whitni K. Redman, Garrett S. Welch, Avery C. Williams, Addyson J. Damron, Willem O. Northcut, Kendra P. Rumbaugh
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Elsevier 2021
Materias:	Biofilm Wound infection Glycoside hydrolases Antibiofilm agent Dispersal Biotechnology TP248.13-248.65 Microbiology QR1-502
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/00006f095d0046cabafe5a1f55b5ab54
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:00006f095d0046cabafe5a1f55b5ab542021-11-18T04:51:29ZEfficacy and safety of biofilm dispersal by glycoside hydrolases in wounds2590-207510.1016/j.bioflm.2021.100061https://doaj.org/article/00006f095d0046cabafe5a1f55b5ab542021-12-01T00:00:00Zhttp://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590207521000198https://doaj.org/toc/2590-2075Novel anti-biofilm and dispersal agents are currently being investigated in an attempt to combat biofilm-associated wound infections. Glycoside hydrolases (GHs) are enzymes that hydrolyze the glycosidic bonds between sugars, such as those found within the exopolysaccharides of the biofilm matrix. Previous studies have shown that GHs can weaken the matrix, inducing bacterial dispersal, and improving antibiotic clearance. Yet, the number of GH enzymes that have been examined for potential therapeutic effects is limited. In this study, we screened sixteen GHs for their ability to disperse mono-microbial and polymicrobial biofilms grown in different environments. Six GHs, α-amylase (source: A. oryzae), alginate lyase (source: various algae), pectinase (source: Rhizopus sp.), amyloglucosidase (source: A. niger), inulinase (source: A. niger), and xylanase (source: A. oryzae), exhibited the highest dispersal efficacy in vitro. Two GHs, α-amylase (source: Bacillus sp.) and cellulase (source: A. niger), used in conjunction with meropenem demonstrated infection clearing ability in a mouse wound model. GHs were also effective in improving antibiotic clearance in diabetic mice. To examine their safety, we screened the GHs for toxicity in cell culture. Overall, there was an inverse relationship between enzyme exposure time and cellular toxicity, with twelve out of sixteen GHs demonstrating some level of toxicity in cell culture. However, only one GH exhibited harmful effects in mice. These results further support the ability of GHs to improve antibiotic clearance of biofilm-associated infections and help lay a foundation for establishing GHs as therapeutic agents for chronic wound infections.Whitni K. RedmanGarrett S. WelchAvery C. WilliamsAddyson J. DamronWillem O. NorthcutKendra P. RumbaughElsevierarticleBiofilmWound infectionGlycoside hydrolasesAntibiofilm agentDispersalBiotechnologyTP248.13-248.65MicrobiologyQR1-502ENBiofilm, Vol 3, Iss , Pp 100061- (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Biofilm Wound infection Glycoside hydrolases Antibiofilm agent Dispersal Biotechnology TP248.13-248.65 Microbiology QR1-502
spellingShingle	Biofilm Wound infection Glycoside hydrolases Antibiofilm agent Dispersal Biotechnology TP248.13-248.65 Microbiology QR1-502 Whitni K. Redman Garrett S. Welch Avery C. Williams Addyson J. Damron Willem O. Northcut Kendra P. Rumbaugh Efficacy and safety of biofilm dispersal by glycoside hydrolases in wounds
description	Novel anti-biofilm and dispersal agents are currently being investigated in an attempt to combat biofilm-associated wound infections. Glycoside hydrolases (GHs) are enzymes that hydrolyze the glycosidic bonds between sugars, such as those found within the exopolysaccharides of the biofilm matrix. Previous studies have shown that GHs can weaken the matrix, inducing bacterial dispersal, and improving antibiotic clearance. Yet, the number of GH enzymes that have been examined for potential therapeutic effects is limited. In this study, we screened sixteen GHs for their ability to disperse mono-microbial and polymicrobial biofilms grown in different environments. Six GHs, α-amylase (source: A. oryzae), alginate lyase (source: various algae), pectinase (source: Rhizopus sp.), amyloglucosidase (source: A. niger), inulinase (source: A. niger), and xylanase (source: A. oryzae), exhibited the highest dispersal efficacy in vitro. Two GHs, α-amylase (source: Bacillus sp.) and cellulase (source: A. niger), used in conjunction with meropenem demonstrated infection clearing ability in a mouse wound model. GHs were also effective in improving antibiotic clearance in diabetic mice. To examine their safety, we screened the GHs for toxicity in cell culture. Overall, there was an inverse relationship between enzyme exposure time and cellular toxicity, with twelve out of sixteen GHs demonstrating some level of toxicity in cell culture. However, only one GH exhibited harmful effects in mice. These results further support the ability of GHs to improve antibiotic clearance of biofilm-associated infections and help lay a foundation for establishing GHs as therapeutic agents for chronic wound infections.
format	article
author	Whitni K. Redman Garrett S. Welch Avery C. Williams Addyson J. Damron Willem O. Northcut Kendra P. Rumbaugh
author_facet	Whitni K. Redman Garrett S. Welch Avery C. Williams Addyson J. Damron Willem O. Northcut Kendra P. Rumbaugh
author_sort	Whitni K. Redman
title	Efficacy and safety of biofilm dispersal by glycoside hydrolases in wounds
title_short	Efficacy and safety of biofilm dispersal by glycoside hydrolases in wounds
title_full	Efficacy and safety of biofilm dispersal by glycoside hydrolases in wounds
title_fullStr	Efficacy and safety of biofilm dispersal by glycoside hydrolases in wounds
title_full_unstemmed	Efficacy and safety of biofilm dispersal by glycoside hydrolases in wounds
title_sort	efficacy and safety of biofilm dispersal by glycoside hydrolases in wounds
publisher	Elsevier
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/00006f095d0046cabafe5a1f55b5ab54
work_keys_str_mv	AT whitnikredman efficacyandsafetyofbiofilmdispersalbyglycosidehydrolasesinwounds AT garrettswelch efficacyandsafetyofbiofilmdispersalbyglycosidehydrolasesinwounds AT averycwilliams efficacyandsafetyofbiofilmdispersalbyglycosidehydrolasesinwounds AT addysonjdamron efficacyandsafetyofbiofilmdispersalbyglycosidehydrolasesinwounds AT willemonorthcut efficacyandsafetyofbiofilmdispersalbyglycosidehydrolasesinwounds AT kendraprumbaugh efficacyandsafetyofbiofilmdispersalbyglycosidehydrolasesinwounds
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Efficacy and safety of biofilm dispersal by glycoside hydrolases in wounds

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