SapC–DOPS as a Novel Therapeutic and Diagnostic Agent for Glioblastoma Therapy and Detection: Alternative to Old Drugs and Agents

Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), the most common type of brain cancer, is extremely aggressive and has a dreadful prognosis. GBM comprises 60% of adult brain tumors and the 5 year survival rate of GBM patients is only 4.3%. Standard-of-care treatment includes maximal surgical removal of the tumor in c...

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Autores principales:	Ahmet Kaynak, Harold W. Davis, Subrahmanya D. Vallabhapurapu, Koon Y. Pak, Brian D. Gray, Xiaoyang Qi
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	brain cancer glioblastoma multiforme saposin C dioleoylphosphatidylserine SapC–DOPS nanovesicle phosphatidylserine-targeted therapy Medicine R Pharmacy and materia medica RS1-441
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/002c267e965e47ffbe8ff6e7ce906e59
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:002c267e965e47ffbe8ff6e7ce906e592021-11-25T18:40:05ZSapC–DOPS as a Novel Therapeutic and Diagnostic Agent for Glioblastoma Therapy and Detection: Alternative to Old Drugs and Agents10.3390/ph141111931424-8247https://doaj.org/article/002c267e965e47ffbe8ff6e7ce906e592021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/1424-8247/14/11/1193https://doaj.org/toc/1424-8247Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), the most common type of brain cancer, is extremely aggressive and has a dreadful prognosis. GBM comprises 60% of adult brain tumors and the 5 year survival rate of GBM patients is only 4.3%. Standard-of-care treatment includes maximal surgical removal of the tumor in combination with radiation and temozolomide (TMZ) chemotherapy. TMZ is the “gold-standard” chemotherapy for patients suffering from GBM. However, the median survival is only about 12 to 18 months with this protocol. Consequently, there is a critical need to develop new therapeutic options for treatment of GBM. Nanomaterials have unique properties as multifunctional platforms for brain tumor therapy and diagnosis. As one of the nanomaterials, lipid-based nanocarriers are capable of delivering chemotherapeutics and imaging agents to tumor sites by enhancing the permeability of the compound through the blood–brain barrier, which makes them ideal for GBM therapy and imaging. Nanocarriers also can be used for delivery of radiosensitizers to the tumor to enhance the efficacy of the radiation therapy. Previously, high-atomic-number element-containing particles such as gold nanoparticles and liposomes have been used as radiosensitizers. SapC–DOPS, a protein-based liposomal drug comprising the lipid, dioleoylphosphatidylserine (DOPS), and the protein, saposin C (SapC), has been shown to be effective for treatment of a variety of cancers in small animals, including GBM. SapC–DOPS also has the unique ability to be used as a carrier for delivery of radiotheranostic agents for nuclear imaging and radiotherapeutic purposes. These unique properties make tumor-targeting proteo-liposome nanocarriers novel therapeutic and diagnostic alternatives to traditional chemotherapeutics and imaging agents. This article reviews various treatment modalities including nanolipid-based delivery and therapeutic systems used in preclinical and clinical trial settings for GBM treatment and detection.Ahmet KaynakHarold W. DavisSubrahmanya D. VallabhapurapuKoon Y. PakBrian D. GrayXiaoyang QiMDPI AGarticlebrain cancerglioblastoma multiformesaposin CdioleoylphosphatidylserineSapC–DOPS nanovesiclephosphatidylserine-targeted therapyMedicineRPharmacy and materia medicaRS1-441ENPharmaceuticals, Vol 14, Iss 1193, p 1193 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	brain cancer glioblastoma multiforme saposin C dioleoylphosphatidylserine SapC–DOPS nanovesicle phosphatidylserine-targeted therapy Medicine R Pharmacy and materia medica RS1-441
spellingShingle	brain cancer glioblastoma multiforme saposin C dioleoylphosphatidylserine SapC–DOPS nanovesicle phosphatidylserine-targeted therapy Medicine R Pharmacy and materia medica RS1-441 Ahmet Kaynak Harold W. Davis Subrahmanya D. Vallabhapurapu Koon Y. Pak Brian D. Gray Xiaoyang Qi SapC–DOPS as a Novel Therapeutic and Diagnostic Agent for Glioblastoma Therapy and Detection: Alternative to Old Drugs and Agents
description	Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), the most common type of brain cancer, is extremely aggressive and has a dreadful prognosis. GBM comprises 60% of adult brain tumors and the 5 year survival rate of GBM patients is only 4.3%. Standard-of-care treatment includes maximal surgical removal of the tumor in combination with radiation and temozolomide (TMZ) chemotherapy. TMZ is the “gold-standard” chemotherapy for patients suffering from GBM. However, the median survival is only about 12 to 18 months with this protocol. Consequently, there is a critical need to develop new therapeutic options for treatment of GBM. Nanomaterials have unique properties as multifunctional platforms for brain tumor therapy and diagnosis. As one of the nanomaterials, lipid-based nanocarriers are capable of delivering chemotherapeutics and imaging agents to tumor sites by enhancing the permeability of the compound through the blood–brain barrier, which makes them ideal for GBM therapy and imaging. Nanocarriers also can be used for delivery of radiosensitizers to the tumor to enhance the efficacy of the radiation therapy. Previously, high-atomic-number element-containing particles such as gold nanoparticles and liposomes have been used as radiosensitizers. SapC–DOPS, a protein-based liposomal drug comprising the lipid, dioleoylphosphatidylserine (DOPS), and the protein, saposin C (SapC), has been shown to be effective for treatment of a variety of cancers in small animals, including GBM. SapC–DOPS also has the unique ability to be used as a carrier for delivery of radiotheranostic agents for nuclear imaging and radiotherapeutic purposes. These unique properties make tumor-targeting proteo-liposome nanocarriers novel therapeutic and diagnostic alternatives to traditional chemotherapeutics and imaging agents. This article reviews various treatment modalities including nanolipid-based delivery and therapeutic systems used in preclinical and clinical trial settings for GBM treatment and detection.
format	article
author	Ahmet Kaynak Harold W. Davis Subrahmanya D. Vallabhapurapu Koon Y. Pak Brian D. Gray Xiaoyang Qi
author_facet	Ahmet Kaynak Harold W. Davis Subrahmanya D. Vallabhapurapu Koon Y. Pak Brian D. Gray Xiaoyang Qi
author_sort	Ahmet Kaynak
title	SapC–DOPS as a Novel Therapeutic and Diagnostic Agent for Glioblastoma Therapy and Detection: Alternative to Old Drugs and Agents
title_short	SapC–DOPS as a Novel Therapeutic and Diagnostic Agent for Glioblastoma Therapy and Detection: Alternative to Old Drugs and Agents
title_full	SapC–DOPS as a Novel Therapeutic and Diagnostic Agent for Glioblastoma Therapy and Detection: Alternative to Old Drugs and Agents
title_fullStr	SapC–DOPS as a Novel Therapeutic and Diagnostic Agent for Glioblastoma Therapy and Detection: Alternative to Old Drugs and Agents
title_full_unstemmed	SapC–DOPS as a Novel Therapeutic and Diagnostic Agent for Glioblastoma Therapy and Detection: Alternative to Old Drugs and Agents
title_sort	sapc–dops as a novel therapeutic and diagnostic agent for glioblastoma therapy and detection: alternative to old drugs and agents
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/002c267e965e47ffbe8ff6e7ce906e59
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SapC–DOPS as a Novel Therapeutic and Diagnostic Agent for Glioblastoma Therapy and Detection: Alternative to Old Drugs and Agents

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