Optimism in adults born preterm: Systematic review and individual-participant-data meta-analysis

<h4>Aim</h4> Preterm birth(<37 gestational weeks) is associated with numerous adversities, however, data on positive developmental outcomes remain limited. We examined if preterm and term born(≥37 gestational weeks) adults differ in dispositional optimism/pessimism, a personality trai...

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Autores principales:	Rachel K. Robinson, Kati Heinonen, Polina Girchenko, Marius Lahti-Pulkkinen, Eero Kajantie, Petteri Hovi, Aulikki Lano, Sture Andersson, Johan G. Eriksson, Dieter Wolke, Sakari Lemola, Katri Räikkönen
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/0064ca495fff445cbfe21fc9ba7587d9
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:0064ca495fff445cbfe21fc9ba7587d92021-11-25T06:19:36ZOptimism in adults born preterm: Systematic review and individual-participant-data meta-analysis1932-6203https://doaj.org/article/0064ca495fff445cbfe21fc9ba7587d92021-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8601551/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203<h4>Aim</h4> Preterm birth(<37 gestational weeks) is associated with numerous adversities, however, data on positive developmental outcomes remain limited. We examined if preterm and term born(≥37 gestational weeks) adults differ in dispositional optimism/pessimism, a personality trait associated with health and wellbeing. We assessed if birth weight z-score, neurosensory impairments and parental education modified the outcome. <h4>Methods</h4> We systematically searched PubMed and Web of Science for cohort or case-control studies(born ≥ 1970) with data on gestational age and optimism/pessimism reported using the Life-Orientation-Test-Revised in adulthood(≥18 years). The three identified studies(Helsinki Study of Very Low Birth Weight Adults; Arvo Ylppö Longitudinal Study; Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children) provided data for the two-step random-effects linear regression Individual-Participant-Data meta-analysis. <h4>Results</h4> Preterm and term borns did not differ on optimism(p = 0.76). Preterms scored higher on pessimism than term borns(Mean difference = 0.35, 95%Confidence Interval 0.36, 0.60, p = 0.007), although not after full adjustment. Preterm born participants, but not term born participants, with higher birth weight z-score, had higher optimism scores (0.30 raw score units per standard deviation increase, 95% CI 0.10, 0.49, p = 0.003); preterm vs term x birth weight z-score interaction p = 0.004). <h4>Conclusions</h4> Preterm and term born adults display similar optimism. In preterms, higher birth weight may foster developmental trajectories promoting more optimistic life orientations.Rachel K. RobinsonKati HeinonenPolina GirchenkoMarius Lahti-PulkkinenEero KajantiePetteri HoviAulikki LanoSture AnderssonJohan G. ErikssonDieter WolkeSakari LemolaKatri RäikkönenPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 16, Iss 11 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Rachel K. Robinson Kati Heinonen Polina Girchenko Marius Lahti-Pulkkinen Eero Kajantie Petteri Hovi Aulikki Lano Sture Andersson Johan G. Eriksson Dieter Wolke Sakari Lemola Katri Räikkönen Optimism in adults born preterm: Systematic review and individual-participant-data meta-analysis
description	<h4>Aim</h4> Preterm birth(<37 gestational weeks) is associated with numerous adversities, however, data on positive developmental outcomes remain limited. We examined if preterm and term born(≥37 gestational weeks) adults differ in dispositional optimism/pessimism, a personality trait associated with health and wellbeing. We assessed if birth weight z-score, neurosensory impairments and parental education modified the outcome. <h4>Methods</h4> We systematically searched PubMed and Web of Science for cohort or case-control studies(born ≥ 1970) with data on gestational age and optimism/pessimism reported using the Life-Orientation-Test-Revised in adulthood(≥18 years). The three identified studies(Helsinki Study of Very Low Birth Weight Adults; Arvo Ylppö Longitudinal Study; Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children) provided data for the two-step random-effects linear regression Individual-Participant-Data meta-analysis. <h4>Results</h4> Preterm and term borns did not differ on optimism(p = 0.76). Preterms scored higher on pessimism than term borns(Mean difference = 0.35, 95%Confidence Interval 0.36, 0.60, p = 0.007), although not after full adjustment. Preterm born participants, but not term born participants, with higher birth weight z-score, had higher optimism scores (0.30 raw score units per standard deviation increase, 95% CI 0.10, 0.49, p = 0.003); preterm vs term x birth weight z-score interaction p = 0.004). <h4>Conclusions</h4> Preterm and term born adults display similar optimism. In preterms, higher birth weight may foster developmental trajectories promoting more optimistic life orientations.
format	article
author	Rachel K. Robinson Kati Heinonen Polina Girchenko Marius Lahti-Pulkkinen Eero Kajantie Petteri Hovi Aulikki Lano Sture Andersson Johan G. Eriksson Dieter Wolke Sakari Lemola Katri Räikkönen
author_facet	Rachel K. Robinson Kati Heinonen Polina Girchenko Marius Lahti-Pulkkinen Eero Kajantie Petteri Hovi Aulikki Lano Sture Andersson Johan G. Eriksson Dieter Wolke Sakari Lemola Katri Räikkönen
author_sort	Rachel K. Robinson
title	Optimism in adults born preterm: Systematic review and individual-participant-data meta-analysis
title_short	Optimism in adults born preterm: Systematic review and individual-participant-data meta-analysis
title_full	Optimism in adults born preterm: Systematic review and individual-participant-data meta-analysis
title_fullStr	Optimism in adults born preterm: Systematic review and individual-participant-data meta-analysis
title_full_unstemmed	Optimism in adults born preterm: Systematic review and individual-participant-data meta-analysis
title_sort	optimism in adults born preterm: systematic review and individual-participant-data meta-analysis
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/0064ca495fff445cbfe21fc9ba7587d9
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Optimism in adults born preterm: Systematic review and individual-participant-data meta-analysis

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