Engineered CAR-Macrophages as Adoptive Immunotherapies for Solid Tumors

Cellular immunotherapies represent a promising approach for the treatment of cancer. Engineered adoptive cell therapies redirect and augment a leukocyte’s inherent ability to mount an immune response by introducing novel anti-tumor capabilities and targeting moieties. A prominent example of this app...

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Autores principales:	Christopher Sloas, Saar Gill, Michael Klichinsky
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Frontiers Media S.A. 2021
Materias:	CAR (chimeric antigen receptor) solid tumor adoptive cell immunotherapy synthetic biology macrophage/monocyte Immunologic diseases. Allergy RC581-607
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/00815eb322fe41ae977bcde18dd243c7
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:00815eb322fe41ae977bcde18dd243c72021-11-30T18:31:44ZEngineered CAR-Macrophages as Adoptive Immunotherapies for Solid Tumors1664-322410.3389/fimmu.2021.783305https://doaj.org/article/00815eb322fe41ae977bcde18dd243c72021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fimmu.2021.783305/fullhttps://doaj.org/toc/1664-3224Cellular immunotherapies represent a promising approach for the treatment of cancer. Engineered adoptive cell therapies redirect and augment a leukocyte’s inherent ability to mount an immune response by introducing novel anti-tumor capabilities and targeting moieties. A prominent example of this approach is the use of T cells engineered to express chimeric antigen receptors (CARs), which have demonstrated significant efficacy against some hematologic malignancies. Despite increasingly sophisticated strategies to harness immune cell function, efficacy against solid tumors has remained elusive for adoptive cell therapies. Amongst cell types used in immunotherapies, however, macrophages have recently emerged as prominent candidates for the treatment of solid tumors. In this review, we discuss the use of monocytes and macrophages as adoptive cell therapies. Macrophages are innate immune cells that are intrinsically equipped with broad therapeutic effector functions, including active trafficking to tumor sites, direct tumor phagocytosis, activation of the tumor microenvironment and professional antigen presentation. We focus on engineering strategies for manipulating macrophages, with a specific focus on CAR macrophages (CAR-M). We highlight CAR design for macrophages, the production of CAR-M for adoptive cell transfer, and clinical considerations for their use in treating solid malignancies. We then outline recent progress and results in applying CAR-M as immunotherapies. The recent development of engineered macrophage-based therapies holds promise as a key weapon in the immune cell therapy armamentarium.Christopher SloasSaar GillMichael KlichinskyFrontiers Media S.A.articleCAR (chimeric antigen receptor)solid tumoradoptive cell immunotherapysynthetic biologymacrophage/monocyteImmunologic diseases. AllergyRC581-607ENFrontiers in Immunology, Vol 12 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	CAR (chimeric antigen receptor) solid tumor adoptive cell immunotherapy synthetic biology macrophage/monocyte Immunologic diseases. Allergy RC581-607
spellingShingle	CAR (chimeric antigen receptor) solid tumor adoptive cell immunotherapy synthetic biology macrophage/monocyte Immunologic diseases. Allergy RC581-607 Christopher Sloas Saar Gill Michael Klichinsky Engineered CAR-Macrophages as Adoptive Immunotherapies for Solid Tumors
description	Cellular immunotherapies represent a promising approach for the treatment of cancer. Engineered adoptive cell therapies redirect and augment a leukocyte’s inherent ability to mount an immune response by introducing novel anti-tumor capabilities and targeting moieties. A prominent example of this approach is the use of T cells engineered to express chimeric antigen receptors (CARs), which have demonstrated significant efficacy against some hematologic malignancies. Despite increasingly sophisticated strategies to harness immune cell function, efficacy against solid tumors has remained elusive for adoptive cell therapies. Amongst cell types used in immunotherapies, however, macrophages have recently emerged as prominent candidates for the treatment of solid tumors. In this review, we discuss the use of monocytes and macrophages as adoptive cell therapies. Macrophages are innate immune cells that are intrinsically equipped with broad therapeutic effector functions, including active trafficking to tumor sites, direct tumor phagocytosis, activation of the tumor microenvironment and professional antigen presentation. We focus on engineering strategies for manipulating macrophages, with a specific focus on CAR macrophages (CAR-M). We highlight CAR design for macrophages, the production of CAR-M for adoptive cell transfer, and clinical considerations for their use in treating solid malignancies. We then outline recent progress and results in applying CAR-M as immunotherapies. The recent development of engineered macrophage-based therapies holds promise as a key weapon in the immune cell therapy armamentarium.
format	article
author	Christopher Sloas Saar Gill Michael Klichinsky
author_facet	Christopher Sloas Saar Gill Michael Klichinsky
author_sort	Christopher Sloas
title	Engineered CAR-Macrophages as Adoptive Immunotherapies for Solid Tumors
title_short	Engineered CAR-Macrophages as Adoptive Immunotherapies for Solid Tumors
title_full	Engineered CAR-Macrophages as Adoptive Immunotherapies for Solid Tumors
title_fullStr	Engineered CAR-Macrophages as Adoptive Immunotherapies for Solid Tumors
title_full_unstemmed	Engineered CAR-Macrophages as Adoptive Immunotherapies for Solid Tumors
title_sort	engineered car-macrophages as adoptive immunotherapies for solid tumors
publisher	Frontiers Media S.A.
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/00815eb322fe41ae977bcde18dd243c7
work_keys_str_mv	AT christophersloas engineeredcarmacrophagesasadoptiveimmunotherapiesforsolidtumors AT saargill engineeredcarmacrophagesasadoptiveimmunotherapiesforsolidtumors AT michaelklichinsky engineeredcarmacrophagesasadoptiveimmunotherapiesforsolidtumors
_version_	1718406301242884096

Engineered CAR-Macrophages as Adoptive Immunotherapies for Solid Tumors

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