Parasitic helminth infections in humans modulate Trefoil Factor levels in a manner dependent on the species of parasite and age of the host.

Helminth infections, including hookworms and Schistosomes, can cause severe disability and death. Infection management and control would benefit from identification of biomarkers for early detection and prognosis. While animal models suggest that Trefoil Factor Family proteins (TFF2 and TFF3) and in...

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Autores principales:	Babatunde Adewale, Jonathan R Heintz, Christopher F Pastore, Heather L Rossi, Li-Yin Hung, Nurudeen Rahman, Jeff Bethony, David Diemert, James Ayorinde Babatunde, De'Broski R Herbert
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2021
Materias:	Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/010cffab3178446f90a71b1a43ed8bab
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:010cffab3178446f90a71b1a43ed8bab2021-12-02T20:23:24ZParasitic helminth infections in humans modulate Trefoil Factor levels in a manner dependent on the species of parasite and age of the host.1935-27271935-273510.1371/journal.pntd.0009550https://doaj.org/article/010cffab3178446f90a71b1a43ed8bab2021-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0009550https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2727https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2735Helminth infections, including hookworms and Schistosomes, can cause severe disability and death. Infection management and control would benefit from identification of biomarkers for early detection and prognosis. While animal models suggest that Trefoil Factor Family proteins (TFF2 and TFF3) and interleukin-33 (IL-33) -driven type 2 immune responses are critical mediators of tissue repair and worm clearance in the context of hookworm infection, very little is known about how they are modulated in the context of human helminth infection. We measured TFF2, TFF3, and IL-33 levels in serum from patients in Brazil infected with Hookworm and/or Schistosomes, and compared them to endemic and non-endemic controls. TFF2 was specifically elevated by Hookworm infection in females, not Schistosoma or co-infection. This elevation was correlated with age, but not worm burden. TFF3 was elevated by Schistosoma infection and found to be generally higher in females. IL-33 was not significantly altered by infection. To determine if this might apply more broadly to other species or regions, we measured TFFs and cytokine levels (IFNγ, TNFα, IL-33, IL-13, IL-1β, IL-17A, IL-22, and IL-10) in both the serum and urine of Nigerian school children infected with S. haematobium. We found that serum levels of TFF2 and 3 were reduced by infection, likely in an age dependent manner. In the serum, only IL-10 and IL-13 were significantly increased, while in urine IFN-γ, TNF-α, IL-13, IL-1β, IL-22, and IL-10 were significantly increased in by infection. Taken together, these data support a role for TFF proteins in human helminth infection.Babatunde AdewaleJonathan R HeintzChristopher F PastoreHeather L RossiLi-Yin HungNurudeen RahmanJeff BethonyDavid DiemertJames Ayorinde BabatundeDe'Broski R HerbertPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleArctic medicine. Tropical medicineRC955-962Public aspects of medicineRA1-1270ENPLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, Vol 15, Iss 10, p e0009550 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270
spellingShingle	Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 Babatunde Adewale Jonathan R Heintz Christopher F Pastore Heather L Rossi Li-Yin Hung Nurudeen Rahman Jeff Bethony David Diemert James Ayorinde Babatunde De'Broski R Herbert Parasitic helminth infections in humans modulate Trefoil Factor levels in a manner dependent on the species of parasite and age of the host.
description	Helminth infections, including hookworms and Schistosomes, can cause severe disability and death. Infection management and control would benefit from identification of biomarkers for early detection and prognosis. While animal models suggest that Trefoil Factor Family proteins (TFF2 and TFF3) and interleukin-33 (IL-33) -driven type 2 immune responses are critical mediators of tissue repair and worm clearance in the context of hookworm infection, very little is known about how they are modulated in the context of human helminth infection. We measured TFF2, TFF3, and IL-33 levels in serum from patients in Brazil infected with Hookworm and/or Schistosomes, and compared them to endemic and non-endemic controls. TFF2 was specifically elevated by Hookworm infection in females, not Schistosoma or co-infection. This elevation was correlated with age, but not worm burden. TFF3 was elevated by Schistosoma infection and found to be generally higher in females. IL-33 was not significantly altered by infection. To determine if this might apply more broadly to other species or regions, we measured TFFs and cytokine levels (IFNγ, TNFα, IL-33, IL-13, IL-1β, IL-17A, IL-22, and IL-10) in both the serum and urine of Nigerian school children infected with S. haematobium. We found that serum levels of TFF2 and 3 were reduced by infection, likely in an age dependent manner. In the serum, only IL-10 and IL-13 were significantly increased, while in urine IFN-γ, TNF-α, IL-13, IL-1β, IL-22, and IL-10 were significantly increased in by infection. Taken together, these data support a role for TFF proteins in human helminth infection.
format	article
author	Babatunde Adewale Jonathan R Heintz Christopher F Pastore Heather L Rossi Li-Yin Hung Nurudeen Rahman Jeff Bethony David Diemert James Ayorinde Babatunde De'Broski R Herbert
author_facet	Babatunde Adewale Jonathan R Heintz Christopher F Pastore Heather L Rossi Li-Yin Hung Nurudeen Rahman Jeff Bethony David Diemert James Ayorinde Babatunde De'Broski R Herbert
author_sort	Babatunde Adewale
title	Parasitic helminth infections in humans modulate Trefoil Factor levels in a manner dependent on the species of parasite and age of the host.
title_short	Parasitic helminth infections in humans modulate Trefoil Factor levels in a manner dependent on the species of parasite and age of the host.
title_full	Parasitic helminth infections in humans modulate Trefoil Factor levels in a manner dependent on the species of parasite and age of the host.
title_fullStr	Parasitic helminth infections in humans modulate Trefoil Factor levels in a manner dependent on the species of parasite and age of the host.
title_full_unstemmed	Parasitic helminth infections in humans modulate Trefoil Factor levels in a manner dependent on the species of parasite and age of the host.
title_sort	parasitic helminth infections in humans modulate trefoil factor levels in a manner dependent on the species of parasite and age of the host.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/010cffab3178446f90a71b1a43ed8bab
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Parasitic helminth infections in humans modulate Trefoil Factor levels in a manner dependent on the species of parasite and age of the host.

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