Morpho-functional characterization of the systemic venous pole of the reptile heart

Abstract Mammals evolved from reptile-like ancestors, and while the mammalian heart is driven by a distinct sinus node, a sinus node is not apparent in reptiles. We characterized the myocardial systemic venous pole, the sinus venosus, in reptiles to identify the dominant pacemaker and to assess whet...

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Autores principales:	Bjarke Jensen, Signe Vesterskov, Bastiaan J. Boukens, Jan M. Nielsen, Antoon F. M. Moorman, Vincent M. Christoffels, Tobias Wang
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2017
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/01147e5451fe4c65ab0e95411d2de44c
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:01147e5451fe4c65ab0e95411d2de44c2021-12-02T16:06:50ZMorpho-functional characterization of the systemic venous pole of the reptile heart10.1038/s41598-017-06291-z2045-2322https://doaj.org/article/01147e5451fe4c65ab0e95411d2de44c2017-07-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-06291-zhttps://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract Mammals evolved from reptile-like ancestors, and while the mammalian heart is driven by a distinct sinus node, a sinus node is not apparent in reptiles. We characterized the myocardial systemic venous pole, the sinus venosus, in reptiles to identify the dominant pacemaker and to assess whether the sinus venosus remodels and adopts an atrium-like phenotype as observed in mammals. Anolis lizards had an extensive sinus venosus of myocardium expressing Tbx18. A small sub-population of cells encircling the sinuatrial junction expressed Isl1, Bmp2, Tbx3, and Hcn4, homologues of genes marking the mammalian sinus node. Electrical mapping showed that hearts of Anolis lizards and Python snakes were driven from the sinuatrial junction. The electrical impulse was delayed between the sinus venosus and the right atrium, allowing the sinus venosus to contract and aid right atrial filling. In proximity of the systemic veins, the Anolis sinus venosus expressed markers of the atrial phenotype Nkx2-5 and Gja5. In conclusion, the reptile heart is driven by a pacemaker region with an expression signature similar to that of the immature sinus node of mammals. Unlike mammals, reptiles maintain a sinuatrial delay of the impulse, allowing the partly atrialized sinus venosus to function as a chamber.Bjarke JensenSigne VesterskovBastiaan J. BoukensJan M. NielsenAntoon F. M. MoormanVincent M. ChristoffelsTobias WangNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 7, Iss 1, Pp 1-12 (2017)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Bjarke Jensen Signe Vesterskov Bastiaan J. Boukens Jan M. Nielsen Antoon F. M. Moorman Vincent M. Christoffels Tobias Wang Morpho-functional characterization of the systemic venous pole of the reptile heart
description	Abstract Mammals evolved from reptile-like ancestors, and while the mammalian heart is driven by a distinct sinus node, a sinus node is not apparent in reptiles. We characterized the myocardial systemic venous pole, the sinus venosus, in reptiles to identify the dominant pacemaker and to assess whether the sinus venosus remodels and adopts an atrium-like phenotype as observed in mammals. Anolis lizards had an extensive sinus venosus of myocardium expressing Tbx18. A small sub-population of cells encircling the sinuatrial junction expressed Isl1, Bmp2, Tbx3, and Hcn4, homologues of genes marking the mammalian sinus node. Electrical mapping showed that hearts of Anolis lizards and Python snakes were driven from the sinuatrial junction. The electrical impulse was delayed between the sinus venosus and the right atrium, allowing the sinus venosus to contract and aid right atrial filling. In proximity of the systemic veins, the Anolis sinus venosus expressed markers of the atrial phenotype Nkx2-5 and Gja5. In conclusion, the reptile heart is driven by a pacemaker region with an expression signature similar to that of the immature sinus node of mammals. Unlike mammals, reptiles maintain a sinuatrial delay of the impulse, allowing the partly atrialized sinus venosus to function as a chamber.
format	article
author	Bjarke Jensen Signe Vesterskov Bastiaan J. Boukens Jan M. Nielsen Antoon F. M. Moorman Vincent M. Christoffels Tobias Wang
author_facet	Bjarke Jensen Signe Vesterskov Bastiaan J. Boukens Jan M. Nielsen Antoon F. M. Moorman Vincent M. Christoffels Tobias Wang
author_sort	Bjarke Jensen
title	Morpho-functional characterization of the systemic venous pole of the reptile heart
title_short	Morpho-functional characterization of the systemic venous pole of the reptile heart
title_full	Morpho-functional characterization of the systemic venous pole of the reptile heart
title_fullStr	Morpho-functional characterization of the systemic venous pole of the reptile heart
title_full_unstemmed	Morpho-functional characterization of the systemic venous pole of the reptile heart
title_sort	morpho-functional characterization of the systemic venous pole of the reptile heart
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2017
url	https://doaj.org/article/01147e5451fe4c65ab0e95411d2de44c
work_keys_str_mv	AT bjarkejensen morphofunctionalcharacterizationofthesystemicvenouspoleofthereptileheart AT signevesterskov morphofunctionalcharacterizationofthesystemicvenouspoleofthereptileheart AT bastiaanjboukens morphofunctionalcharacterizationofthesystemicvenouspoleofthereptileheart AT janmnielsen morphofunctionalcharacterizationofthesystemicvenouspoleofthereptileheart AT antoonfmmoorman morphofunctionalcharacterizationofthesystemicvenouspoleofthereptileheart AT vincentmchristoffels morphofunctionalcharacterizationofthesystemicvenouspoleofthereptileheart AT tobiaswang morphofunctionalcharacterizationofthesystemicvenouspoleofthereptileheart
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Morpho-functional characterization of the systemic venous pole of the reptile heart

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