Cognitive mediators of US-China differences in early symbolic arithmetic.

Chinese children routinely outperform American peers in standardized tests of mathematics knowledge. To examine mediators of this effect, 95 Chinese and US 5-year-olds completed a test of overall symbolic arithmetic, an IQ subtest, and three tests each of symbolic and non-symbolic numerical magnitud...

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Autores principales:	John E Opfer, Dan Kim, Lisa K Fazio, Xinlin Zhou, Robert S Siegler
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/011bf97d3c7c431fb24250a00ef9b6c0
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:011bf97d3c7c431fb24250a00ef9b6c02021-12-02T20:17:36ZCognitive mediators of US-China differences in early symbolic arithmetic.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0255283https://doaj.org/article/011bf97d3c7c431fb24250a00ef9b6c02021-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0255283https://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203Chinese children routinely outperform American peers in standardized tests of mathematics knowledge. To examine mediators of this effect, 95 Chinese and US 5-year-olds completed a test of overall symbolic arithmetic, an IQ subtest, and three tests each of symbolic and non-symbolic numerical magnitude knowledge (magnitude comparison, approximate addition, and number-line estimation). Overall Chinese children performed better in symbolic arithmetic than US children, and all measures of IQ and number knowledge predicted overall symbolic arithmetic. Chinese children were more accurate than US peers in symbolic numerical magnitude comparison, symbolic approximate addition, and both symbolic and non-symbolic number-line estimation; Chinese and U.S. children did not differ in IQ and non-symbolic magnitude comparison and approximate addition. A substantial amount of the nationality difference in overall symbolic arithmetic was mediated by performance on the symbolic and number-line tests.John E OpferDan KimLisa K FazioXinlin ZhouRobert S SieglerPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 16, Iss 8, p e0255283 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q John E Opfer Dan Kim Lisa K Fazio Xinlin Zhou Robert S Siegler Cognitive mediators of US-China differences in early symbolic arithmetic.
description	Chinese children routinely outperform American peers in standardized tests of mathematics knowledge. To examine mediators of this effect, 95 Chinese and US 5-year-olds completed a test of overall symbolic arithmetic, an IQ subtest, and three tests each of symbolic and non-symbolic numerical magnitude knowledge (magnitude comparison, approximate addition, and number-line estimation). Overall Chinese children performed better in symbolic arithmetic than US children, and all measures of IQ and number knowledge predicted overall symbolic arithmetic. Chinese children were more accurate than US peers in symbolic numerical magnitude comparison, symbolic approximate addition, and both symbolic and non-symbolic number-line estimation; Chinese and U.S. children did not differ in IQ and non-symbolic magnitude comparison and approximate addition. A substantial amount of the nationality difference in overall symbolic arithmetic was mediated by performance on the symbolic and number-line tests.
format	article
author	John E Opfer Dan Kim Lisa K Fazio Xinlin Zhou Robert S Siegler
author_facet	John E Opfer Dan Kim Lisa K Fazio Xinlin Zhou Robert S Siegler
author_sort	John E Opfer
title	Cognitive mediators of US-China differences in early symbolic arithmetic.
title_short	Cognitive mediators of US-China differences in early symbolic arithmetic.
title_full	Cognitive mediators of US-China differences in early symbolic arithmetic.
title_fullStr	Cognitive mediators of US-China differences in early symbolic arithmetic.
title_full_unstemmed	Cognitive mediators of US-China differences in early symbolic arithmetic.
title_sort	cognitive mediators of us-china differences in early symbolic arithmetic.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/011bf97d3c7c431fb24250a00ef9b6c0
work_keys_str_mv	AT johneopfer cognitivemediatorsofuschinadifferencesinearlysymbolicarithmetic AT dankim cognitivemediatorsofuschinadifferencesinearlysymbolicarithmetic AT lisakfazio cognitivemediatorsofuschinadifferencesinearlysymbolicarithmetic AT xinlinzhou cognitivemediatorsofuschinadifferencesinearlysymbolicarithmetic AT robertssiegler cognitivemediatorsofuschinadifferencesinearlysymbolicarithmetic
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Cognitive mediators of US-China differences in early symbolic arithmetic.

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