Partial indoor residual spraying with pirimiphos-methyl as an effective and cost-saving measure for the control of Anopheles gambiae s.l. in northern Ghana

Abstract The scale up of indoor residual spraying (IRS) and insecticide treated nets have contributed significantly to global reductions in malaria prevalence over the last two decades. However, widespread pyrethroid resistance has necessitated the use of new and more expensive insecticides for IRS....

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Autores principales: Sylvester Coleman, Yemane Yihdego, Ellie Sherrard-Smith, Churcher S. Thomas, Dereje Dengela, Richard M. Oxborough, Samuel K. Dadzie, Daniel Boakye, Frank Gyamfi, Kwasi Obiri-Danso, Ben Johns, Lilly V. Siems, Bradford Lucas, Jon Eric Tongren, Sixte Zigirumugabe, Dominic Dery, Christen Fornadel, Kristen George, Allison Belemvire, Jenny Carlson, Seth R. Irish, Jennifer S. Armistead, Aklilu Seyoum
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spelling oai:doaj.org-article:0121c373b9ea44a58a8d894a1ff100bf2021-12-02T17:19:15ZPartial indoor residual spraying with pirimiphos-methyl as an effective and cost-saving measure for the control of Anopheles gambiae s.l. in northern Ghana10.1038/s41598-021-97138-12045-2322https://doaj.org/article/0121c373b9ea44a58a8d894a1ff100bf2021-09-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-97138-1https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract The scale up of indoor residual spraying (IRS) and insecticide treated nets have contributed significantly to global reductions in malaria prevalence over the last two decades. However, widespread pyrethroid resistance has necessitated the use of new and more expensive insecticides for IRS. Partial IRS with pirimiphos-methyl in experimental huts and houses in a village-wide trial was evaluated against Anopheles gambiae s.l. in northern Ghana. Four different scenarios in which either only the top or bottom half of the walls of experimental huts were sprayed, with or without also spraying the ceiling were compared. Mortality of An. gambiae s.l. on partially sprayed walls was compared with the standard procedures in which all walls and ceiling surfaces are sprayed. A small-scale trial was then conducted to assess the effectiveness, feasibility, and cost of spraying only the upper walls and ceiling as compared to full IRS and no spraying in northern Ghana. Human landing catches were conducted to estimate entomological indices and determine the effectiveness of partial IRS. An established transmission dynamics model was parameterized by an analysis of the experimental hut data and used to predict the epidemiological impact and cost effectiveness of partial IRS for malaria control in northern Ghana. In the experimental huts, partial IRS of the top (IRR 0.89, p = 0.13) or bottom (IRR 0.90, p = 0.15) half of walls and the ceiling was not significantly less effective than full IRS in terms of mosquito mortality. In the village trial, the annual entomological inoculation rate was higher for the unsprayed control (217 infective bites/person/year (ib/p/yr)) compared with the fully and partially sprayed sites, with 28 and 38 ib/p/yr, respectively. The transmission model predicts that the efficacy of partial IRS against all-age prevalence of malaria after six months would be broadly equivalent to a full IRS campaign in which 40% reduction is expected relative to no spray campaign. At scale, partial IRS in northern Ghana would have resulted in a 33% cost savings ($496,426) that would enable spraying of 36,000 additional rooms. These findings suggest that partial IRS is an effective, feasible, and cost saving approach to IRS that could be adopted to sustain and expand implementation of this key malaria control intervention.Sylvester ColemanYemane YihdegoEllie Sherrard-SmithChurcher S. ThomasDereje DengelaRichard M. OxboroughSamuel K. DadzieDaniel BoakyeFrank GyamfiKwasi Obiri-DansoBen JohnsLilly V. SiemsBradford LucasJon Eric TongrenSixte ZigirumugabeDominic DeryChristen FornadelKristen GeorgeAllison BelemvireJenny CarlsonSeth R. IrishJennifer S. ArmisteadAklilu SeyoumNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-16 (2021)
institution DOAJ
collection DOAJ
language EN
topic Medicine
R
Science
Q
spellingShingle Medicine
R
Science
Q
Sylvester Coleman
Yemane Yihdego
Ellie Sherrard-Smith
Churcher S. Thomas
Dereje Dengela
Richard M. Oxborough
Samuel K. Dadzie
Daniel Boakye
Frank Gyamfi
Kwasi Obiri-Danso
Ben Johns
Lilly V. Siems
Bradford Lucas
Jon Eric Tongren
Sixte Zigirumugabe
Dominic Dery
Christen Fornadel
Kristen George
Allison Belemvire
Jenny Carlson
Seth R. Irish
Jennifer S. Armistead
Aklilu Seyoum
Partial indoor residual spraying with pirimiphos-methyl as an effective and cost-saving measure for the control of Anopheles gambiae s.l. in northern Ghana
description Abstract The scale up of indoor residual spraying (IRS) and insecticide treated nets have contributed significantly to global reductions in malaria prevalence over the last two decades. However, widespread pyrethroid resistance has necessitated the use of new and more expensive insecticides for IRS. Partial IRS with pirimiphos-methyl in experimental huts and houses in a village-wide trial was evaluated against Anopheles gambiae s.l. in northern Ghana. Four different scenarios in which either only the top or bottom half of the walls of experimental huts were sprayed, with or without also spraying the ceiling were compared. Mortality of An. gambiae s.l. on partially sprayed walls was compared with the standard procedures in which all walls and ceiling surfaces are sprayed. A small-scale trial was then conducted to assess the effectiveness, feasibility, and cost of spraying only the upper walls and ceiling as compared to full IRS and no spraying in northern Ghana. Human landing catches were conducted to estimate entomological indices and determine the effectiveness of partial IRS. An established transmission dynamics model was parameterized by an analysis of the experimental hut data and used to predict the epidemiological impact and cost effectiveness of partial IRS for malaria control in northern Ghana. In the experimental huts, partial IRS of the top (IRR 0.89, p = 0.13) or bottom (IRR 0.90, p = 0.15) half of walls and the ceiling was not significantly less effective than full IRS in terms of mosquito mortality. In the village trial, the annual entomological inoculation rate was higher for the unsprayed control (217 infective bites/person/year (ib/p/yr)) compared with the fully and partially sprayed sites, with 28 and 38 ib/p/yr, respectively. The transmission model predicts that the efficacy of partial IRS against all-age prevalence of malaria after six months would be broadly equivalent to a full IRS campaign in which 40% reduction is expected relative to no spray campaign. At scale, partial IRS in northern Ghana would have resulted in a 33% cost savings ($496,426) that would enable spraying of 36,000 additional rooms. These findings suggest that partial IRS is an effective, feasible, and cost saving approach to IRS that could be adopted to sustain and expand implementation of this key malaria control intervention.
format article
author Sylvester Coleman
Yemane Yihdego
Ellie Sherrard-Smith
Churcher S. Thomas
Dereje Dengela
Richard M. Oxborough
Samuel K. Dadzie
Daniel Boakye
Frank Gyamfi
Kwasi Obiri-Danso
Ben Johns
Lilly V. Siems
Bradford Lucas
Jon Eric Tongren
Sixte Zigirumugabe
Dominic Dery
Christen Fornadel
Kristen George
Allison Belemvire
Jenny Carlson
Seth R. Irish
Jennifer S. Armistead
Aklilu Seyoum
author_facet Sylvester Coleman
Yemane Yihdego
Ellie Sherrard-Smith
Churcher S. Thomas
Dereje Dengela
Richard M. Oxborough
Samuel K. Dadzie
Daniel Boakye
Frank Gyamfi
Kwasi Obiri-Danso
Ben Johns
Lilly V. Siems
Bradford Lucas
Jon Eric Tongren
Sixte Zigirumugabe
Dominic Dery
Christen Fornadel
Kristen George
Allison Belemvire
Jenny Carlson
Seth R. Irish
Jennifer S. Armistead
Aklilu Seyoum
author_sort Sylvester Coleman
title Partial indoor residual spraying with pirimiphos-methyl as an effective and cost-saving measure for the control of Anopheles gambiae s.l. in northern Ghana
title_short Partial indoor residual spraying with pirimiphos-methyl as an effective and cost-saving measure for the control of Anopheles gambiae s.l. in northern Ghana
title_full Partial indoor residual spraying with pirimiphos-methyl as an effective and cost-saving measure for the control of Anopheles gambiae s.l. in northern Ghana
title_fullStr Partial indoor residual spraying with pirimiphos-methyl as an effective and cost-saving measure for the control of Anopheles gambiae s.l. in northern Ghana
title_full_unstemmed Partial indoor residual spraying with pirimiphos-methyl as an effective and cost-saving measure for the control of Anopheles gambiae s.l. in northern Ghana
title_sort partial indoor residual spraying with pirimiphos-methyl as an effective and cost-saving measure for the control of anopheles gambiae s.l. in northern ghana
publisher Nature Portfolio
publishDate 2021
url https://doaj.org/article/0121c373b9ea44a58a8d894a1ff100bf
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