Effects of aging on brain networks during swallowing: general linear model and independent component analyses

Abstract Swallowing disorders occur more frequently in older adults. However, the effects of the aging process on neural activation when swallowing are unclear. We aimed to identify neural regions activated during swallowing and evaluate changes in neural activation and neural networks with aging. U...

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Autores principales:	Woo-Suk Tae, Sekwang Lee, Sunyoung Choi, Sung-Bom Pyun
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/0126b03b12e74db79a0a482136777101
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:0126b03b12e74db79a0a4821367771012021-12-02T14:01:24ZEffects of aging on brain networks during swallowing: general linear model and independent component analyses10.1038/s41598-020-79782-12045-2322https://doaj.org/article/0126b03b12e74db79a0a4821367771012021-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-79782-1https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract Swallowing disorders occur more frequently in older adults. However, the effects of the aging process on neural activation when swallowing are unclear. We aimed to identify neural regions activated during swallowing and evaluate changes in neural activation and neural networks with aging. Using a general linear model (GLM) and independent component (IC) analyses, blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) signals were observed in the lateral precentral gyrus, postcentral gyrus, anterior insular cortices, supramarginal gyri, and medial frontal gyrus during swallowing. The right thalamus and anterior cingulate gyri were found to be active areas by GLM and IC analyses, respectively. In the correlational analyses, age was negatively correlated with BOLD signals of the lateral precentral gyri, postcentral gyri, and insular cortices in swallowing tasks. Additionally, correlation analyses between ICs of all participants and age revealed negative correlations in the right supramarginal gyrus, both anterior cingulate cortices, putamen, and cerebellum. In the network analysis, the BOLD signal positively correlated with age in the default mode network (DMN), and was negatively correlated in the lateral precentral gyri, postcentral gyri, and insular cortices. The amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations was significantly decreased in the DMN and increased in swallowing-related areas during swallowing tasks. These results suggest that aging has negative effects on the activation of swallowing-related regions and task-induced deactivation of the DMN. These changes may be used to detect early functional decline during swallowing.Woo-Suk TaeSekwang LeeSunyoung ChoiSung-Bom PyunNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-9 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Woo-Suk Tae Sekwang Lee Sunyoung Choi Sung-Bom Pyun Effects of aging on brain networks during swallowing: general linear model and independent component analyses
description	Abstract Swallowing disorders occur more frequently in older adults. However, the effects of the aging process on neural activation when swallowing are unclear. We aimed to identify neural regions activated during swallowing and evaluate changes in neural activation and neural networks with aging. Using a general linear model (GLM) and independent component (IC) analyses, blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) signals were observed in the lateral precentral gyrus, postcentral gyrus, anterior insular cortices, supramarginal gyri, and medial frontal gyrus during swallowing. The right thalamus and anterior cingulate gyri were found to be active areas by GLM and IC analyses, respectively. In the correlational analyses, age was negatively correlated with BOLD signals of the lateral precentral gyri, postcentral gyri, and insular cortices in swallowing tasks. Additionally, correlation analyses between ICs of all participants and age revealed negative correlations in the right supramarginal gyrus, both anterior cingulate cortices, putamen, and cerebellum. In the network analysis, the BOLD signal positively correlated with age in the default mode network (DMN), and was negatively correlated in the lateral precentral gyri, postcentral gyri, and insular cortices. The amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations was significantly decreased in the DMN and increased in swallowing-related areas during swallowing tasks. These results suggest that aging has negative effects on the activation of swallowing-related regions and task-induced deactivation of the DMN. These changes may be used to detect early functional decline during swallowing.
format	article
author	Woo-Suk Tae Sekwang Lee Sunyoung Choi Sung-Bom Pyun
author_facet	Woo-Suk Tae Sekwang Lee Sunyoung Choi Sung-Bom Pyun
author_sort	Woo-Suk Tae
title	Effects of aging on brain networks during swallowing: general linear model and independent component analyses
title_short	Effects of aging on brain networks during swallowing: general linear model and independent component analyses
title_full	Effects of aging on brain networks during swallowing: general linear model and independent component analyses
title_fullStr	Effects of aging on brain networks during swallowing: general linear model and independent component analyses
title_full_unstemmed	Effects of aging on brain networks during swallowing: general linear model and independent component analyses
title_sort	effects of aging on brain networks during swallowing: general linear model and independent component analyses
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/0126b03b12e74db79a0a482136777101
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_version_	1718392120274845696

Effects of aging on brain networks during swallowing: general linear model and independent component analyses

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