BMP7 reduces the fibrocartilage chondrocyte phenotype

Abstract The fibrocartilage chondrocyte phenotype has been recognized to attribute to osteoarthritis (OA) development. These chondrocytes express genes related to unfavorable OA outcomes, emphasizing its importance in OA pathology. BMP7 is being explored as a potential disease-modifying molecule and...

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Autores principales:	Ellen G. J. Ripmeester, Marjolein M. J. Caron, Guus G. H. van den Akker, Jessica Steijns, Don A. M. Surtel, Andy Cremers, Laura C. W. Peeters, Lodewijk W. van Rhijn, Tim J. M. Welting
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/01cfdb8fb7d54afe8a50c8e5b9da0ebe
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:01cfdb8fb7d54afe8a50c8e5b9da0ebe2021-12-02T18:37:12ZBMP7 reduces the fibrocartilage chondrocyte phenotype10.1038/s41598-021-99096-02045-2322https://doaj.org/article/01cfdb8fb7d54afe8a50c8e5b9da0ebe2021-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-99096-0https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract The fibrocartilage chondrocyte phenotype has been recognized to attribute to osteoarthritis (OA) development. These chondrocytes express genes related to unfavorable OA outcomes, emphasizing its importance in OA pathology. BMP7 is being explored as a potential disease-modifying molecule and attenuates the chondrocyte hypertrophic phenotype. On the other hand, BMP7 has been demonstrated to relieve organ fibrosis by counteracting the pro-fibrotic TGFβ-Smad3-PAI1 axis and increasing MMP2-mediated Collagen type I turnover. Whether BMP7 has anti-fibrotic properties in chondrocytes is unknown. Human OA articular chondrocytes (HACs) were isolated from end-stage OA femoral cartilage (total knee arthroplasty; n = 18 individual donors). SW1353 cells and OA HACs were exposed to 1 nM BMP7 for 24 h, after which gene expression of fibrosis-related genes and fibrosis-mediating factors was determined by RT-qPCR. In SW1353, Collagen type I protein levels were determined by immunocytochemistry and western blotting. PAI1 and MMP2 protein levels and activity were measured with an ELISA and activity assays, respectively. MMP2 activity was inhibited with the selective MMP-2 inhibitor OA-Hy. SMAD3 activity was determined by a (CAGA)12-reporter assay, and pSMAD2 levels by western blotting. Following BMP7 exposure, the expression of fibrosis-related genes was reduced in SW1353 cells and OA HACs. BMP7 reduced Collagen type I protein levels in SW1353 cells. Gene expression of MMP2 was increased in SW1353 cells following BMP7 treatment. BMP7 reduced PAI1 protein levels and -activity, while MMP2 protein levels and -activity were increased by BMP7. BMP7-dependent inhibition of Collagen type I protein levels in SW1353 cells was abrogated when MMP2 activity was inhibited. Finally, BMP7 reduced pSMAD2 levels determined by western blotting and reduced SMAD3 transcriptional activity as demonstrated by decreased (CAGA)12 luciferase reporter activity. Our data demonstrate that short-term exposure to BMP7 decreases the fibrocartilage chondrocyte phenotype. The BMP7-dependent reduction of Collagen type I protein expression seems MMP2-dependent and inhibition of Smad2/3-PAI1 activity was identified as a potential pathway via which BMP7 exerts its anti-fibrotic action. This indicates that in chondrocytes BMP7 may have a double mode-of-action by targeting both the hypertrophic as well as the fibrotic chondrocyte phenotype, potentially adding to the clinical relevance of using BMP7 as an OA disease-modifying molecule.Ellen G. J. RipmeesterMarjolein M. J. CaronGuus G. H. van den AkkerJessica SteijnsDon A. M. SurtelAndy CremersLaura C. W. PeetersLodewijk W. van RhijnTim J. M. WeltingNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-11 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Ellen G. J. Ripmeester Marjolein M. J. Caron Guus G. H. van den Akker Jessica Steijns Don A. M. Surtel Andy Cremers Laura C. W. Peeters Lodewijk W. van Rhijn Tim J. M. Welting BMP7 reduces the fibrocartilage chondrocyte phenotype
description	Abstract The fibrocartilage chondrocyte phenotype has been recognized to attribute to osteoarthritis (OA) development. These chondrocytes express genes related to unfavorable OA outcomes, emphasizing its importance in OA pathology. BMP7 is being explored as a potential disease-modifying molecule and attenuates the chondrocyte hypertrophic phenotype. On the other hand, BMP7 has been demonstrated to relieve organ fibrosis by counteracting the pro-fibrotic TGFβ-Smad3-PAI1 axis and increasing MMP2-mediated Collagen type I turnover. Whether BMP7 has anti-fibrotic properties in chondrocytes is unknown. Human OA articular chondrocytes (HACs) were isolated from end-stage OA femoral cartilage (total knee arthroplasty; n = 18 individual donors). SW1353 cells and OA HACs were exposed to 1 nM BMP7 for 24 h, after which gene expression of fibrosis-related genes and fibrosis-mediating factors was determined by RT-qPCR. In SW1353, Collagen type I protein levels were determined by immunocytochemistry and western blotting. PAI1 and MMP2 protein levels and activity were measured with an ELISA and activity assays, respectively. MMP2 activity was inhibited with the selective MMP-2 inhibitor OA-Hy. SMAD3 activity was determined by a (CAGA)12-reporter assay, and pSMAD2 levels by western blotting. Following BMP7 exposure, the expression of fibrosis-related genes was reduced in SW1353 cells and OA HACs. BMP7 reduced Collagen type I protein levels in SW1353 cells. Gene expression of MMP2 was increased in SW1353 cells following BMP7 treatment. BMP7 reduced PAI1 protein levels and -activity, while MMP2 protein levels and -activity were increased by BMP7. BMP7-dependent inhibition of Collagen type I protein levels in SW1353 cells was abrogated when MMP2 activity was inhibited. Finally, BMP7 reduced pSMAD2 levels determined by western blotting and reduced SMAD3 transcriptional activity as demonstrated by decreased (CAGA)12 luciferase reporter activity. Our data demonstrate that short-term exposure to BMP7 decreases the fibrocartilage chondrocyte phenotype. The BMP7-dependent reduction of Collagen type I protein expression seems MMP2-dependent and inhibition of Smad2/3-PAI1 activity was identified as a potential pathway via which BMP7 exerts its anti-fibrotic action. This indicates that in chondrocytes BMP7 may have a double mode-of-action by targeting both the hypertrophic as well as the fibrotic chondrocyte phenotype, potentially adding to the clinical relevance of using BMP7 as an OA disease-modifying molecule.
format	article
author	Ellen G. J. Ripmeester Marjolein M. J. Caron Guus G. H. van den Akker Jessica Steijns Don A. M. Surtel Andy Cremers Laura C. W. Peeters Lodewijk W. van Rhijn Tim J. M. Welting
author_facet	Ellen G. J. Ripmeester Marjolein M. J. Caron Guus G. H. van den Akker Jessica Steijns Don A. M. Surtel Andy Cremers Laura C. W. Peeters Lodewijk W. van Rhijn Tim J. M. Welting
author_sort	Ellen G. J. Ripmeester
title	BMP7 reduces the fibrocartilage chondrocyte phenotype
title_short	BMP7 reduces the fibrocartilage chondrocyte phenotype
title_full	BMP7 reduces the fibrocartilage chondrocyte phenotype
title_fullStr	BMP7 reduces the fibrocartilage chondrocyte phenotype
title_full_unstemmed	BMP7 reduces the fibrocartilage chondrocyte phenotype
title_sort	bmp7 reduces the fibrocartilage chondrocyte phenotype
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/01cfdb8fb7d54afe8a50c8e5b9da0ebe
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BMP7 reduces the fibrocartilage chondrocyte phenotype

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