La frontière ? Quelle frontière ? La dynamique transnationale de l’orpaillage clandestin en Guyane française

The French territory of Guiana is currently exploited illegally by thousands of small-scale artisanal gold miners who extract each year between 5 and 10 tons of gold and smuggle them into Suriname and Brazil. Almost exclusively Brazilian and called garimpeiros, these miners deploy in French Guiana t...

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Autor principal:	François-Michel Le Tourneau
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN FR
Publicado:	Institut des Amériques 2021
Materias:	Gold mining French Guiana borders Suriname Illegal immigration Latin America. Spanish America F1201-3799 Social sciences (General) H1-99
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/01d092698bf84bafb41c6398d7d6bbcd
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:01d092698bf84bafb41c6398d7d6bbcd2021-12-02T10:12:38ZLa frontière ? Quelle frontière ? La dynamique transnationale de l’orpaillage clandestin en Guyane française1950-570110.4000/ideas.11295https://doaj.org/article/01d092698bf84bafb41c6398d7d6bbcd2021-10-01T00:00:00Zhttp://journals.openedition.org/ideas/11295https://doaj.org/toc/1950-5701The French territory of Guiana is currently exploited illegally by thousands of small-scale artisanal gold miners who extract each year between 5 and 10 tons of gold and smuggle them into Suriname and Brazil. Almost exclusively Brazilian and called garimpeiros, these miners deploy in French Guiana the economic, social and cultural system that makes their specificity in Brazil, and that covers Suriname as well. This system is grounded on a specific territorial logic which articulates all the mining territories of the Brazilian Amazon and of the Guiana plateau in the form of a transnational or, rather, an a-national network in which borders are no more than obstacles that are hardly impossible to overcome. The garimpeiros approach the different territories in function of their own evaluation grid where a region richness in gold or the pressure by authorities to prohibit their activities are much more relevant than the country the area they consider belongs to, thus reducing borders to mere material contingencies. Based on four years of extensive research about illegal gold mining in French Guiana, this paper shows how the “garimpeiro system” is deployed in the French territory and exploits the difficulty of border control, both on rivers and at sea. It also analyzes how this system links illegal mining areas in French Guiana with the ones in Brazil and in Suriname.François-Michel Le TourneauInstitut des AmériquesarticleGold miningFrench GuianabordersSurinameIllegal immigrationLatin America. Spanish AmericaF1201-3799Social sciences (General)H1-99ENFRIdeAs : Idées d’Amériques, Vol 18 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN FR
topic	Gold mining French Guiana borders Suriname Illegal immigration Latin America. Spanish America F1201-3799 Social sciences (General) H1-99
spellingShingle	Gold mining French Guiana borders Suriname Illegal immigration Latin America. Spanish America F1201-3799 Social sciences (General) H1-99 François-Michel Le Tourneau La frontière ? Quelle frontière ? La dynamique transnationale de l’orpaillage clandestin en Guyane française
description	The French territory of Guiana is currently exploited illegally by thousands of small-scale artisanal gold miners who extract each year between 5 and 10 tons of gold and smuggle them into Suriname and Brazil. Almost exclusively Brazilian and called garimpeiros, these miners deploy in French Guiana the economic, social and cultural system that makes their specificity in Brazil, and that covers Suriname as well. This system is grounded on a specific territorial logic which articulates all the mining territories of the Brazilian Amazon and of the Guiana plateau in the form of a transnational or, rather, an a-national network in which borders are no more than obstacles that are hardly impossible to overcome. The garimpeiros approach the different territories in function of their own evaluation grid where a region richness in gold or the pressure by authorities to prohibit their activities are much more relevant than the country the area they consider belongs to, thus reducing borders to mere material contingencies. Based on four years of extensive research about illegal gold mining in French Guiana, this paper shows how the “garimpeiro system” is deployed in the French territory and exploits the difficulty of border control, both on rivers and at sea. It also analyzes how this system links illegal mining areas in French Guiana with the ones in Brazil and in Suriname.
format	article
author	François-Michel Le Tourneau
author_facet	François-Michel Le Tourneau
author_sort	François-Michel Le Tourneau
title	La frontière ? Quelle frontière ? La dynamique transnationale de l’orpaillage clandestin en Guyane française
title_short	La frontière ? Quelle frontière ? La dynamique transnationale de l’orpaillage clandestin en Guyane française
title_full	La frontière ? Quelle frontière ? La dynamique transnationale de l’orpaillage clandestin en Guyane française
title_fullStr	La frontière ? Quelle frontière ? La dynamique transnationale de l’orpaillage clandestin en Guyane française
title_full_unstemmed	La frontière ? Quelle frontière ? La dynamique transnationale de l’orpaillage clandestin en Guyane française
title_sort	la frontière ? quelle frontière ? la dynamique transnationale de l’orpaillage clandestin en guyane française
publisher	Institut des Amériques
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/01d092698bf84bafb41c6398d7d6bbcd
work_keys_str_mv	AT francoismichelletourneau lafrontierequellefrontiereladynamiquetransnationaledelorpaillageclandestinenguyanefrancaise
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La frontière ? Quelle frontière ? La dynamique transnationale de l’orpaillage clandestin en Guyane française

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