Progress in transparent bulletproof armor based on ceramics

Requirements for the cockpit of military vehicles are constantly increasing as a result of escalating threats. The traditional transparent bulletproof armor based on glass have been unsatisfactory to relevant application requirements, and lighter and thinner transparent armor based on ceramics is be...

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Autores principales:	LIU Jia-xi, SHI Xiao-dong, JIANG Liang-bao, LI Xiao-yu, WANG Min-bo, YAN Yue
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	ZH
Publicado:	Journal of Materials Engineering 2021
Materias:	transparent bulletproof armor impact test sapphire mgal<sub>2</sub>o<sub>4</sub> alon Materials of engineering and construction. Mechanics of materials TA401-492
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/02052a4a81bb4bc89f7f2a595d08b37f
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:02052a4a81bb4bc89f7f2a595d08b37f2021-11-12T03:01:54ZProgress in transparent bulletproof armor based on ceramics1001-438110.11868/j.issn.1001-4381.2020.001117https://doaj.org/article/02052a4a81bb4bc89f7f2a595d08b37f2021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttp://jme.biam.ac.cn/CN/10.11868/j.issn.1001-4381.2020.001117https://doaj.org/toc/1001-4381Requirements for the cockpit of military vehicles are constantly increasing as a result of escalating threats. The traditional transparent bulletproof armor based on glass have been unsatisfactory to relevant application requirements, and lighter and thinner transparent armor based on ceramics is becoming main option. Similar to other bulletproof armor, the main research fields of transparent bulletproof armor include:seek materials with higher performance for armor components; guide the structure design and ballistic test by experiment or computer simulation; understand the main performance of armor materials, the holistic performance of the armor system and the interaction between the components of the whole system more deeply. Based on this notion, the advantages and disadvantages, preparation technology, development, and application situation of the three kinds of ceramic materials commonly used in transparent armor were summarized. Among the three kinds of ceramics, sapphire has the best static parameters. As for the actual effect of bulletproof, the polycrystalline ceramics are better. The main reason for this phenomenon is that the different fragmentation modes of the two kinds of ceramics lead to the difference of projectile-target interaction effect. After that, the crack growth under high strain rate and bullet-proof property of single crystal, polycrystalline ceramics and glass were discussed. Under uniaxial, high strain rate compression, the crack propagation characteristics of materials are sensitive to impact energy/velocity. Polycrystalline ceramics has a composite failure mode of intergranular fracture and intragranular fracture. Under high energy impact, the damage zone of sapphire is similar to polycrystalline ceramics. Lower than critical energy, some sapphire plate orientations damage would be dominated. Finally, the material selection standards and structural design principles of each functional layer were summarized and prospected. Fine grain polycrystalline ceramic materials with high Young's modulus and high hardness are preferred for the strike-layer. Materials with good fracture toughness, high bending stiffness and the ability to localization of the damage within a narrow region should be selected for the intermediate layer. The materials of backing layer require ductility and low density. The bulletproof efficiency of the transparent-armor systems depends on the type and the degree of interaction/integration of different functional layers.LIU Jia-xiSHI Xiao-dongJIANG Liang-baoLI Xiao-yuWANG Min-boYAN YueJournal of Materials Engineeringarticletransparent bulletproof armorimpact testsapphiremgal<sub>2</sub>o<sub>4</sub>alonMaterials of engineering and construction. Mechanics of materialsTA401-492ZHJournal of Materials Engineering, Vol 49, Iss 11, Pp 30-40 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	ZH
topic	transparent bulletproof armor impact test sapphire mgal<sub>2</sub>o<sub>4</sub> alon Materials of engineering and construction. Mechanics of materials TA401-492
spellingShingle	transparent bulletproof armor impact test sapphire mgal<sub>2</sub>o<sub>4</sub> alon Materials of engineering and construction. Mechanics of materials TA401-492 LIU Jia-xi SHI Xiao-dong JIANG Liang-bao LI Xiao-yu WANG Min-bo YAN Yue Progress in transparent bulletproof armor based on ceramics
description	Requirements for the cockpit of military vehicles are constantly increasing as a result of escalating threats. The traditional transparent bulletproof armor based on glass have been unsatisfactory to relevant application requirements, and lighter and thinner transparent armor based on ceramics is becoming main option. Similar to other bulletproof armor, the main research fields of transparent bulletproof armor include:seek materials with higher performance for armor components; guide the structure design and ballistic test by experiment or computer simulation; understand the main performance of armor materials, the holistic performance of the armor system and the interaction between the components of the whole system more deeply. Based on this notion, the advantages and disadvantages, preparation technology, development, and application situation of the three kinds of ceramic materials commonly used in transparent armor were summarized. Among the three kinds of ceramics, sapphire has the best static parameters. As for the actual effect of bulletproof, the polycrystalline ceramics are better. The main reason for this phenomenon is that the different fragmentation modes of the two kinds of ceramics lead to the difference of projectile-target interaction effect. After that, the crack growth under high strain rate and bullet-proof property of single crystal, polycrystalline ceramics and glass were discussed. Under uniaxial, high strain rate compression, the crack propagation characteristics of materials are sensitive to impact energy/velocity. Polycrystalline ceramics has a composite failure mode of intergranular fracture and intragranular fracture. Under high energy impact, the damage zone of sapphire is similar to polycrystalline ceramics. Lower than critical energy, some sapphire plate orientations damage would be dominated. Finally, the material selection standards and structural design principles of each functional layer were summarized and prospected. Fine grain polycrystalline ceramic materials with high Young's modulus and high hardness are preferred for the strike-layer. Materials with good fracture toughness, high bending stiffness and the ability to localization of the damage within a narrow region should be selected for the intermediate layer. The materials of backing layer require ductility and low density. The bulletproof efficiency of the transparent-armor systems depends on the type and the degree of interaction/integration of different functional layers.
format	article
author	LIU Jia-xi SHI Xiao-dong JIANG Liang-bao LI Xiao-yu WANG Min-bo YAN Yue
author_facet	LIU Jia-xi SHI Xiao-dong JIANG Liang-bao LI Xiao-yu WANG Min-bo YAN Yue
author_sort	LIU Jia-xi
title	Progress in transparent bulletproof armor based on ceramics
title_short	Progress in transparent bulletproof armor based on ceramics
title_full	Progress in transparent bulletproof armor based on ceramics
title_fullStr	Progress in transparent bulletproof armor based on ceramics
title_full_unstemmed	Progress in transparent bulletproof armor based on ceramics
title_sort	progress in transparent bulletproof armor based on ceramics
publisher	Journal of Materials Engineering
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/02052a4a81bb4bc89f7f2a595d08b37f
work_keys_str_mv	AT liujiaxi progressintransparentbulletproofarmorbasedonceramics AT shixiaodong progressintransparentbulletproofarmorbasedonceramics AT jiangliangbao progressintransparentbulletproofarmorbasedonceramics AT lixiaoyu progressintransparentbulletproofarmorbasedonceramics AT wangminbo progressintransparentbulletproofarmorbasedonceramics AT yanyue progressintransparentbulletproofarmorbasedonceramics
_version_	1718431268430938112

Progress in transparent bulletproof armor based on ceramics

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