Factors associated with soil-transmitted helminths infection in Benin: Findings from the DeWorm3 study.
<h4>Background</h4>Despite several years of school-based MDA implementation, STH infections remain an important public health problem in Benin, with a country-wide prevalence of 20% in 2015. The DeWorm3 study is designed to assess the feasibility of using community-based MDA with albenda...
Guardado en:
| Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Formato: | article |
| Lenguaje: | EN |
| Publicado: |
Public Library of Science (PLoS)
2021
|
| Materias: | |
| Acceso en línea: | https://doaj.org/article/0248de8994cd4650bf4d066fecbdb2ae |
| Etiquetas: |
Agregar Etiqueta
Sin Etiquetas, Sea el primero en etiquetar este registro!
|
| id |
oai:doaj.org-article:0248de8994cd4650bf4d066fecbdb2ae |
|---|---|
| record_format |
dspace |
| institution |
DOAJ |
| collection |
DOAJ |
| language |
EN |
| topic |
Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 |
| spellingShingle |
Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine RC955-962 Public aspects of medicine RA1-1270 Euripide F G A Avokpaho Parfait Houngbégnon Manfred Accrombessi Eloïc Atindégla Elodie Yard Arianna Rubin Means David S Kennedy D Timothy J Littlewood André Garcia Achille Massougbodji Sean R Galagan Judd L Walson Gilles Cottrell Moudachirou Ibikounlé Kristjana Hrönn Ásbjörnsdóttir Adrian J F Luty Factors associated with soil-transmitted helminths infection in Benin: Findings from the DeWorm3 study. |
| description |
<h4>Background</h4>Despite several years of school-based MDA implementation, STH infections remain an important public health problem in Benin, with a country-wide prevalence of 20% in 2015. The DeWorm3 study is designed to assess the feasibility of using community-based MDA with albendazole to interrupt the transmission of STH, through a series of cluster-randomized trials in Benin, India and Malawi. We used the pre-treatment baseline survey data to describe and analyze the factors associated with STH infection in Comé, the study site of the DeWorm3 project in Benin. These data will improve understanding of the challenges that need to be addressed in order to eliminate STH as a public health problem in Benin.<h4>Methods</h4>Between March and April 2018, the prevalence of STH (hookworm spp., Ascaris and Trichuris trichiura) was assessed by Kato-Katz in stool samples collected from 6,153 residents in the community of Comé, Benin using a stratified random sampling procedure. A standardized survey questionnaire was used to collect information from individual households concerning factors potentially associated with the presence and intensity of STH infections in pre-school (PSAC, aged 1-4), school-aged children (SAC, aged 5-14) and adults (aged 15 and above). Multilevel mixed-effects models were used to assess associations between these factors and STH infection.<h4>Results</h4>The overall prevalence of STH infection was 5.3%; 3.2% hookworm spp., 2.1% Ascaris lumbricoides and 0.1% Trichuris. Hookworm spp. were more prevalent in adults than in SAC (4.4% versus 2.0%, respectively; p = 0.0001) and PSAC (4.4% versus 1.0%, respectively; p<0.0001), whilst Ascaris lumbricoides was more prevalent in SAC than in adults (3.0% versus 1.7%, respectively; p = 0.004). Being PSAC (adjusted Odds Ratio (aOR) = 0.2, p< 0.001; adjusted Infection Intensity Ratio (aIIR) = 0.1, p<0.001) or SAC (aOR = 0.5, p = 0.008; aIIR = 0.3, p = 0.01), being a female (aOR = 0.6, p = 0.004; aIIR = 0.3, p = 0.001), and having received deworming treatment the previous year (aOR = 0.4, p< 0.002; aIIR = 0.2, p<0.001) were associated with a lower prevalence and intensity of hookworm infection. Lower income (lowest quintile: aOR = 5.0, p<0.001, 2nd quintile aOR = 3.6, p = 0.001 and 3rd quintile aOR = 2.5, p = 0.02), being a farmer (aOR = 1.8, p = 0.02), medium population density (aOR = 2.6, p = 0.01), and open defecation (aOR = 0.5, p = 0.04) were associated with a higher prevalence of hookworm infection. Lower education-no education, primary or secondary school- (aIIR = 40.1, p = 0.01; aIIR = 30.9, p = 0.02; aIIR = 19.3, p = 0.04, respectively), farming (aIIR = 3.9, p = 0.002), natural flooring (aIIR = 0.2, p = 0.06), peri-urban settings (aIIR = 6.2, 95%CI 1.82-20.90, p = 0.003), and unimproved water source more than 30 minutes from the household (aIIR = 13.5, p = 0.02) were associated with a higher intensity of hookworm infection. Improved and unshared toilet was associated with lower intensity of hookworm infections (aIIR = 0.2, p = 0.01). SAC had a higher odds of Ascaris lumbricoides infection than adults (aOR = 2.0, p = 0.01) and females had a lower odds of infection (aOR = 0.5, p = 0.02).<h4>Conclusion</h4>Hookworm spp. are the most prevalent STH in Comé, with a persistent reservoir in adults that is not addressed by current control measures based on school MDA. Expanding MDA to target adults and PSAC is necessary to substantially impact population prevalence, particularly for hookworm.<h4>Trial registration</h4>ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03014167. |
| format |
article |
| author |
Euripide F G A Avokpaho Parfait Houngbégnon Manfred Accrombessi Eloïc Atindégla Elodie Yard Arianna Rubin Means David S Kennedy D Timothy J Littlewood André Garcia Achille Massougbodji Sean R Galagan Judd L Walson Gilles Cottrell Moudachirou Ibikounlé Kristjana Hrönn Ásbjörnsdóttir Adrian J F Luty |
| author_facet |
Euripide F G A Avokpaho Parfait Houngbégnon Manfred Accrombessi Eloïc Atindégla Elodie Yard Arianna Rubin Means David S Kennedy D Timothy J Littlewood André Garcia Achille Massougbodji Sean R Galagan Judd L Walson Gilles Cottrell Moudachirou Ibikounlé Kristjana Hrönn Ásbjörnsdóttir Adrian J F Luty |
| author_sort |
Euripide F G A Avokpaho |
| title |
Factors associated with soil-transmitted helminths infection in Benin: Findings from the DeWorm3 study. |
| title_short |
Factors associated with soil-transmitted helminths infection in Benin: Findings from the DeWorm3 study. |
| title_full |
Factors associated with soil-transmitted helminths infection in Benin: Findings from the DeWorm3 study. |
| title_fullStr |
Factors associated with soil-transmitted helminths infection in Benin: Findings from the DeWorm3 study. |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Factors associated with soil-transmitted helminths infection in Benin: Findings from the DeWorm3 study. |
| title_sort |
factors associated with soil-transmitted helminths infection in benin: findings from the deworm3 study. |
| publisher |
Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
| publishDate |
2021 |
| url |
https://doaj.org/article/0248de8994cd4650bf4d066fecbdb2ae |
| work_keys_str_mv |
AT euripidefgaavokpaho factorsassociatedwithsoiltransmittedhelminthsinfectioninbeninfindingsfromthedeworm3study AT parfaithoungbegnon factorsassociatedwithsoiltransmittedhelminthsinfectioninbeninfindingsfromthedeworm3study AT manfredaccrombessi factorsassociatedwithsoiltransmittedhelminthsinfectioninbeninfindingsfromthedeworm3study AT eloicatindegla factorsassociatedwithsoiltransmittedhelminthsinfectioninbeninfindingsfromthedeworm3study AT elodieyard factorsassociatedwithsoiltransmittedhelminthsinfectioninbeninfindingsfromthedeworm3study AT ariannarubinmeans factorsassociatedwithsoiltransmittedhelminthsinfectioninbeninfindingsfromthedeworm3study AT davidskennedy factorsassociatedwithsoiltransmittedhelminthsinfectioninbeninfindingsfromthedeworm3study AT dtimothyjlittlewood factorsassociatedwithsoiltransmittedhelminthsinfectioninbeninfindingsfromthedeworm3study AT andregarcia factorsassociatedwithsoiltransmittedhelminthsinfectioninbeninfindingsfromthedeworm3study AT achillemassougbodji factorsassociatedwithsoiltransmittedhelminthsinfectioninbeninfindingsfromthedeworm3study AT seanrgalagan factorsassociatedwithsoiltransmittedhelminthsinfectioninbeninfindingsfromthedeworm3study AT juddlwalson factorsassociatedwithsoiltransmittedhelminthsinfectioninbeninfindingsfromthedeworm3study AT gillescottrell factorsassociatedwithsoiltransmittedhelminthsinfectioninbeninfindingsfromthedeworm3study AT moudachirouibikounle factorsassociatedwithsoiltransmittedhelminthsinfectioninbeninfindingsfromthedeworm3study AT kristjanahronnasbjornsdottir factorsassociatedwithsoiltransmittedhelminthsinfectioninbeninfindingsfromthedeworm3study AT adrianjfluty factorsassociatedwithsoiltransmittedhelminthsinfectioninbeninfindingsfromthedeworm3study |
| _version_ |
1718374088205926400 |
| spelling |
oai:doaj.org-article:0248de8994cd4650bf4d066fecbdb2ae2021-12-02T20:23:38ZFactors associated with soil-transmitted helminths infection in Benin: Findings from the DeWorm3 study.1935-27271935-273510.1371/journal.pntd.0009646https://doaj.org/article/0248de8994cd4650bf4d066fecbdb2ae2021-08-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0009646https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2727https://doaj.org/toc/1935-2735<h4>Background</h4>Despite several years of school-based MDA implementation, STH infections remain an important public health problem in Benin, with a country-wide prevalence of 20% in 2015. The DeWorm3 study is designed to assess the feasibility of using community-based MDA with albendazole to interrupt the transmission of STH, through a series of cluster-randomized trials in Benin, India and Malawi. We used the pre-treatment baseline survey data to describe and analyze the factors associated with STH infection in Comé, the study site of the DeWorm3 project in Benin. These data will improve understanding of the challenges that need to be addressed in order to eliminate STH as a public health problem in Benin.<h4>Methods</h4>Between March and April 2018, the prevalence of STH (hookworm spp., Ascaris and Trichuris trichiura) was assessed by Kato-Katz in stool samples collected from 6,153 residents in the community of Comé, Benin using a stratified random sampling procedure. A standardized survey questionnaire was used to collect information from individual households concerning factors potentially associated with the presence and intensity of STH infections in pre-school (PSAC, aged 1-4), school-aged children (SAC, aged 5-14) and adults (aged 15 and above). Multilevel mixed-effects models were used to assess associations between these factors and STH infection.<h4>Results</h4>The overall prevalence of STH infection was 5.3%; 3.2% hookworm spp., 2.1% Ascaris lumbricoides and 0.1% Trichuris. Hookworm spp. were more prevalent in adults than in SAC (4.4% versus 2.0%, respectively; p = 0.0001) and PSAC (4.4% versus 1.0%, respectively; p<0.0001), whilst Ascaris lumbricoides was more prevalent in SAC than in adults (3.0% versus 1.7%, respectively; p = 0.004). Being PSAC (adjusted Odds Ratio (aOR) = 0.2, p< 0.001; adjusted Infection Intensity Ratio (aIIR) = 0.1, p<0.001) or SAC (aOR = 0.5, p = 0.008; aIIR = 0.3, p = 0.01), being a female (aOR = 0.6, p = 0.004; aIIR = 0.3, p = 0.001), and having received deworming treatment the previous year (aOR = 0.4, p< 0.002; aIIR = 0.2, p<0.001) were associated with a lower prevalence and intensity of hookworm infection. Lower income (lowest quintile: aOR = 5.0, p<0.001, 2nd quintile aOR = 3.6, p = 0.001 and 3rd quintile aOR = 2.5, p = 0.02), being a farmer (aOR = 1.8, p = 0.02), medium population density (aOR = 2.6, p = 0.01), and open defecation (aOR = 0.5, p = 0.04) were associated with a higher prevalence of hookworm infection. Lower education-no education, primary or secondary school- (aIIR = 40.1, p = 0.01; aIIR = 30.9, p = 0.02; aIIR = 19.3, p = 0.04, respectively), farming (aIIR = 3.9, p = 0.002), natural flooring (aIIR = 0.2, p = 0.06), peri-urban settings (aIIR = 6.2, 95%CI 1.82-20.90, p = 0.003), and unimproved water source more than 30 minutes from the household (aIIR = 13.5, p = 0.02) were associated with a higher intensity of hookworm infection. Improved and unshared toilet was associated with lower intensity of hookworm infections (aIIR = 0.2, p = 0.01). SAC had a higher odds of Ascaris lumbricoides infection than adults (aOR = 2.0, p = 0.01) and females had a lower odds of infection (aOR = 0.5, p = 0.02).<h4>Conclusion</h4>Hookworm spp. are the most prevalent STH in Comé, with a persistent reservoir in adults that is not addressed by current control measures based on school MDA. Expanding MDA to target adults and PSAC is necessary to substantially impact population prevalence, particularly for hookworm.<h4>Trial registration</h4>ClinicalTrials.gov NCT03014167.Euripide F G A AvokpahoParfait HoungbégnonManfred AccrombessiEloïc AtindéglaElodie YardArianna Rubin MeansDavid S KennedyD Timothy J LittlewoodAndré GarciaAchille MassougbodjiSean R GalaganJudd L WalsonGilles CottrellMoudachirou IbikounléKristjana Hrönn ÁsbjörnsdóttirAdrian J F LutyPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleArctic medicine. Tropical medicineRC955-962Public aspects of medicineRA1-1270ENPLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases, Vol 15, Iss 8, p e0009646 (2021) |