Acute and severe haemorrhage following pentosan polysulfate injection in a Cornish Rex

Case summary A 14-year-old male castrated Cornish Rex cat was referred for lethargy progressing rapidly to collapse in the hours following a subcutaneous injection of a product containing 100 mg/ml pentosan polysulfate sodium and 168 mg/ml glucosamine. Physical examination revealed the cat to be in...

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Autores principales:	Miranda X Tong, Jessica F Romine, Michael R Hardcastle
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	SAGE Publishing 2021
Materias:	Veterinary medicine SF600-1100
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/02f629f6162442aa9743b1c5fb59f994
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:02f629f6162442aa9743b1c5fb59f9942021-11-19T10:33:19ZAcute and severe haemorrhage following pentosan polysulfate injection in a Cornish Rex2055-116910.1177/20551169211058650https://doaj.org/article/02f629f6162442aa9743b1c5fb59f9942021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1177/20551169211058650https://doaj.org/toc/2055-1169Case summary A 14-year-old male castrated Cornish Rex cat was referred for lethargy progressing rapidly to collapse in the hours following a subcutaneous injection of a product containing 100 mg/ml pentosan polysulfate sodium and 168 mg/ml glucosamine. Physical examination revealed the cat to be in hypotensive shock with swelling and interstitial oedema around the cranial thorax and caudal cervical regions without cutaneous haemorrhage. Initial diagnostics revealed a severe anaemia (packed cell volume 11%) which later deteriorated further, necessitating a blood transfusion and aggressive fluid therapy. Post-transfusion, the patient remained dyspnoeic and subsequent diagnostics found evidence of pre-existing cardiomyopathy and congestive heart failure. The cat was euthanased 24 h following presentation due to increasing dyspnoea. Post-mortem findings were of severe subcutaneous and intermuscular haemorrhage over the neck and thorax, among other changes. There were no detectable levels of coumarin anticoagulants in the liver. Relevance and novel information This is the first reported case of acute subcutaneous and intermuscular haemorrhage of this severity suspected to be related to the off-label use of an injectable product containing pentosan polysulfate in a cat. Given the popularity of its use for feline arthritis, there is a need for large-scale clinical trials to evaluate the safety and efficacy of products containing pentosan polysulfate for cats, and any side effects to be reported.Miranda X TongJessica F RomineMichael R HardcastleSAGE PublishingarticleVeterinary medicineSF600-1100ENJournal of Feline Medicine and Surgery Open Reports, Vol 7 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Veterinary medicine SF600-1100
spellingShingle	Veterinary medicine SF600-1100 Miranda X Tong Jessica F Romine Michael R Hardcastle Acute and severe haemorrhage following pentosan polysulfate injection in a Cornish Rex
description	Case summary A 14-year-old male castrated Cornish Rex cat was referred for lethargy progressing rapidly to collapse in the hours following a subcutaneous injection of a product containing 100 mg/ml pentosan polysulfate sodium and 168 mg/ml glucosamine. Physical examination revealed the cat to be in hypotensive shock with swelling and interstitial oedema around the cranial thorax and caudal cervical regions without cutaneous haemorrhage. Initial diagnostics revealed a severe anaemia (packed cell volume 11%) which later deteriorated further, necessitating a blood transfusion and aggressive fluid therapy. Post-transfusion, the patient remained dyspnoeic and subsequent diagnostics found evidence of pre-existing cardiomyopathy and congestive heart failure. The cat was euthanased 24 h following presentation due to increasing dyspnoea. Post-mortem findings were of severe subcutaneous and intermuscular haemorrhage over the neck and thorax, among other changes. There were no detectable levels of coumarin anticoagulants in the liver. Relevance and novel information This is the first reported case of acute subcutaneous and intermuscular haemorrhage of this severity suspected to be related to the off-label use of an injectable product containing pentosan polysulfate in a cat. Given the popularity of its use for feline arthritis, there is a need for large-scale clinical trials to evaluate the safety and efficacy of products containing pentosan polysulfate for cats, and any side effects to be reported.
format	article
author	Miranda X Tong Jessica F Romine Michael R Hardcastle
author_facet	Miranda X Tong Jessica F Romine Michael R Hardcastle
author_sort	Miranda X Tong
title	Acute and severe haemorrhage following pentosan polysulfate injection in a Cornish Rex
title_short	Acute and severe haemorrhage following pentosan polysulfate injection in a Cornish Rex
title_full	Acute and severe haemorrhage following pentosan polysulfate injection in a Cornish Rex
title_fullStr	Acute and severe haemorrhage following pentosan polysulfate injection in a Cornish Rex
title_full_unstemmed	Acute and severe haemorrhage following pentosan polysulfate injection in a Cornish Rex
title_sort	acute and severe haemorrhage following pentosan polysulfate injection in a cornish rex
publisher	SAGE Publishing
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/02f629f6162442aa9743b1c5fb59f994
work_keys_str_mv	AT mirandaxtong acuteandseverehaemorrhagefollowingpentosanpolysulfateinjectioninacornishrex AT jessicafromine acuteandseverehaemorrhagefollowingpentosanpolysulfateinjectioninacornishrex AT michaelrhardcastle acuteandseverehaemorrhagefollowingpentosanpolysulfateinjectioninacornishrex
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Acute and severe haemorrhage following pentosan polysulfate injection in a Cornish Rex

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