Video-game play induces plasticity in the visual system of adults with amblyopia.

<h4>Unlabelled</h4>Abnormal visual experience during a sensitive period of development disrupts neuronal circuitry in the visual cortex and results in abnormal spatial vision or amblyopia. Here we examined whether playing video games can induce plasticity in the visual system of adults w...

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Autores principales:	Roger W Li, Charlie Ngo, Jennie Nguyen, Dennis M Levi
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2011
Materias:	Biology (General) QH301-705.5
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/03148db77956402daad95ede416340c3
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:03148db77956402daad95ede416340c32021-11-18T05:36:02ZVideo-game play induces plasticity in the visual system of adults with amblyopia.1544-91731545-788510.1371/journal.pbio.1001135https://doaj.org/article/03148db77956402daad95ede416340c32011-08-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/21912514/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1544-9173https://doaj.org/toc/1545-7885<h4>Unlabelled</h4>Abnormal visual experience during a sensitive period of development disrupts neuronal circuitry in the visual cortex and results in abnormal spatial vision or amblyopia. Here we examined whether playing video games can induce plasticity in the visual system of adults with amblyopia. Specifically 20 adults with amblyopia (age 15-61 y; visual acuity: 20/25-20/480, with no manifest ocular disease or nystagmus) were recruited and allocated into three intervention groups: action videogame group (n = 10), non-action videogame group (n = 3), and crossover control group (n = 7). Our experiments show that playing video games (both action and non-action games) for a short period of time (40-80 h, 2 h/d) using the amblyopic eye results in a substantial improvement in a wide range of fundamental visual functions, from low-level to high-level, including visual acuity (33%), positional acuity (16%), spatial attention (37%), and stereopsis (54%). Using a cross-over experimental design (first 20 h: occlusion therapy, and the next 40 h: videogame therapy), we can conclude that the improvement cannot be explained simply by eye patching alone. We quantified the limits and the time course of visual plasticity induced by video-game experience. The recovery in visual acuity that we observed is at least 5-fold faster than would be expected from occlusion therapy in childhood amblyopia. We used positional noise and modelling to reveal the neural mechanisms underlying the visual improvements in terms of decreased spatial distortion (7%) and increased processing efficiency (33%). Our study had several limitations: small sample size, lack of randomization, and differences in numbers between groups. A large-scale randomized clinical study is needed to confirm the therapeutic value of video-game treatment in clinical situations. Nonetheless, taken as a pilot study, this work suggests that video-game play may provide important principles for treating amblyopia, and perhaps other cortical dysfunctions.<h4>Trial registration</h4>ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01223716.Roger W LiCharlie NgoJennie NguyenDennis M LeviPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleBiology (General)QH301-705.5ENPLoS Biology, Vol 9, Iss 8, p e1001135 (2011)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Biology (General) QH301-705.5
spellingShingle	Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Roger W Li Charlie Ngo Jennie Nguyen Dennis M Levi Video-game play induces plasticity in the visual system of adults with amblyopia.
description	<h4>Unlabelled</h4>Abnormal visual experience during a sensitive period of development disrupts neuronal circuitry in the visual cortex and results in abnormal spatial vision or amblyopia. Here we examined whether playing video games can induce plasticity in the visual system of adults with amblyopia. Specifically 20 adults with amblyopia (age 15-61 y; visual acuity: 20/25-20/480, with no manifest ocular disease or nystagmus) were recruited and allocated into three intervention groups: action videogame group (n = 10), non-action videogame group (n = 3), and crossover control group (n = 7). Our experiments show that playing video games (both action and non-action games) for a short period of time (40-80 h, 2 h/d) using the amblyopic eye results in a substantial improvement in a wide range of fundamental visual functions, from low-level to high-level, including visual acuity (33%), positional acuity (16%), spatial attention (37%), and stereopsis (54%). Using a cross-over experimental design (first 20 h: occlusion therapy, and the next 40 h: videogame therapy), we can conclude that the improvement cannot be explained simply by eye patching alone. We quantified the limits and the time course of visual plasticity induced by video-game experience. The recovery in visual acuity that we observed is at least 5-fold faster than would be expected from occlusion therapy in childhood amblyopia. We used positional noise and modelling to reveal the neural mechanisms underlying the visual improvements in terms of decreased spatial distortion (7%) and increased processing efficiency (33%). Our study had several limitations: small sample size, lack of randomization, and differences in numbers between groups. A large-scale randomized clinical study is needed to confirm the therapeutic value of video-game treatment in clinical situations. Nonetheless, taken as a pilot study, this work suggests that video-game play may provide important principles for treating amblyopia, and perhaps other cortical dysfunctions.<h4>Trial registration</h4>ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01223716.
format	article
author	Roger W Li Charlie Ngo Jennie Nguyen Dennis M Levi
author_facet	Roger W Li Charlie Ngo Jennie Nguyen Dennis M Levi
author_sort	Roger W Li
title	Video-game play induces plasticity in the visual system of adults with amblyopia.
title_short	Video-game play induces plasticity in the visual system of adults with amblyopia.
title_full	Video-game play induces plasticity in the visual system of adults with amblyopia.
title_fullStr	Video-game play induces plasticity in the visual system of adults with amblyopia.
title_full_unstemmed	Video-game play induces plasticity in the visual system of adults with amblyopia.
title_sort	video-game play induces plasticity in the visual system of adults with amblyopia.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2011
url	https://doaj.org/article/03148db77956402daad95ede416340c3
work_keys_str_mv	AT rogerwli videogameplayinducesplasticityinthevisualsystemofadultswithamblyopia AT charliengo videogameplayinducesplasticityinthevisualsystemofadultswithamblyopia AT jennienguyen videogameplayinducesplasticityinthevisualsystemofadultswithamblyopia AT dennismlevi videogameplayinducesplasticityinthevisualsystemofadultswithamblyopia
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Video-game play induces plasticity in the visual system of adults with amblyopia.

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