Evolutionary Divergence of the Novel Staphylococcal Species Staphylococcus argenteus

Currently, invasive infections caused by Staphylococcus argenteus, which is a recently named staphylococcal species, are increasingly reported worldwide. However, only a few genomic studies of S. argenteus have offered comprehensive information regarding its genetic diversity, epidemiological charac...

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Autores principales:	Shi Wu, Rui Pang, Jiahui Huang, Feng Zhang, Zhihe Cai, Jumei Zhang, Moutong Chen, Liang Xue, Qihui Gu, Juan Wang, Yu Ding, Qiang Wan, Qingping Wu
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Frontiers Media S.A. 2021
Materias:	Staphylococcus argenteus population structure pangenome genetic divergence regional specialization Microbiology QR1-502
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/036b77c6221e429c9a1b7928cd667081
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:036b77c6221e429c9a1b7928cd6670812021-11-19T07:36:27ZEvolutionary Divergence of the Novel Staphylococcal Species Staphylococcus argenteus1664-302X10.3389/fmicb.2021.769642https://doaj.org/article/036b77c6221e429c9a1b7928cd6670812021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fmicb.2021.769642/fullhttps://doaj.org/toc/1664-302XCurrently, invasive infections caused by Staphylococcus argenteus, which is a recently named staphylococcal species, are increasingly reported worldwide. However, only a few genomic studies of S. argenteus have offered comprehensive information regarding its genetic diversity, epidemiological characteristics, antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs), virulence genes and other profiles. Here, we describe a comparative genomic analysis by population structure, pangenome, panmobilome, region-specific accessory genes confer an adaptive advantage in 153 S. argenteus strains which comprised 24 strains sequenced in this study and 129 strains whose genome sequences were available from GenBank. As a result, the population of S. argenteus comprised seven genetically distinct clades, including two major clades (C1 and C2), with distinct isolation source patterns. Pangenome analysis revealed that S. argenteus has an open pangenome composed of 7,319 genes and a core genome composed of 1,508 genes. We further determined the distributions of 75 virulence factors (VFs) and 30 known ARGs and identified at least four types of plasmids and 93 complete or partial putative prophages. It indicate that S. argenteus may show a similar level of pathogenicity to that of S. aureus. This study also provides insights into the evolutionary divergence of this pathogen, indicating that the geographical distribution was a potential driving force behind the evolutionary divergence of S. argenteus. The preferential horizontal acquisition of particular elements, such as staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec elements and plasmids, was observed in specific regions, revealing potential gene exchange between S. argenteus strains and local S. aureus strains. Moreover, multiple specific genes related to environmental adaptation were identified in strains isolated from East Asia. However, these findings may help promote our understanding of the evolutionary divergence of this bacterium at a high genetic resolution by providing insights into the epidemiology of S. argenteus and may help combat its spread.Shi WuRui PangJiahui HuangFeng ZhangZhihe CaiJumei ZhangMoutong ChenLiang XueQihui GuJuan WangYu DingQiang WanQingping WuFrontiers Media S.A.articleStaphylococcus argenteuspopulation structurepangenomegenetic divergenceregional specializationMicrobiologyQR1-502ENFrontiers in Microbiology, Vol 12 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Staphylococcus argenteus population structure pangenome genetic divergence regional specialization Microbiology QR1-502
spellingShingle	Staphylococcus argenteus population structure pangenome genetic divergence regional specialization Microbiology QR1-502 Shi Wu Rui Pang Jiahui Huang Feng Zhang Zhihe Cai Jumei Zhang Moutong Chen Liang Xue Qihui Gu Juan Wang Yu Ding Qiang Wan Qingping Wu Evolutionary Divergence of the Novel Staphylococcal Species Staphylococcus argenteus
description	Currently, invasive infections caused by Staphylococcus argenteus, which is a recently named staphylococcal species, are increasingly reported worldwide. However, only a few genomic studies of S. argenteus have offered comprehensive information regarding its genetic diversity, epidemiological characteristics, antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs), virulence genes and other profiles. Here, we describe a comparative genomic analysis by population structure, pangenome, panmobilome, region-specific accessory genes confer an adaptive advantage in 153 S. argenteus strains which comprised 24 strains sequenced in this study and 129 strains whose genome sequences were available from GenBank. As a result, the population of S. argenteus comprised seven genetically distinct clades, including two major clades (C1 and C2), with distinct isolation source patterns. Pangenome analysis revealed that S. argenteus has an open pangenome composed of 7,319 genes and a core genome composed of 1,508 genes. We further determined the distributions of 75 virulence factors (VFs) and 30 known ARGs and identified at least four types of plasmids and 93 complete or partial putative prophages. It indicate that S. argenteus may show a similar level of pathogenicity to that of S. aureus. This study also provides insights into the evolutionary divergence of this pathogen, indicating that the geographical distribution was a potential driving force behind the evolutionary divergence of S. argenteus. The preferential horizontal acquisition of particular elements, such as staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec elements and plasmids, was observed in specific regions, revealing potential gene exchange between S. argenteus strains and local S. aureus strains. Moreover, multiple specific genes related to environmental adaptation were identified in strains isolated from East Asia. However, these findings may help promote our understanding of the evolutionary divergence of this bacterium at a high genetic resolution by providing insights into the epidemiology of S. argenteus and may help combat its spread.
format	article
author	Shi Wu Rui Pang Jiahui Huang Feng Zhang Zhihe Cai Jumei Zhang Moutong Chen Liang Xue Qihui Gu Juan Wang Yu Ding Qiang Wan Qingping Wu
author_facet	Shi Wu Rui Pang Jiahui Huang Feng Zhang Zhihe Cai Jumei Zhang Moutong Chen Liang Xue Qihui Gu Juan Wang Yu Ding Qiang Wan Qingping Wu
author_sort	Shi Wu
title	Evolutionary Divergence of the Novel Staphylococcal Species Staphylococcus argenteus
title_short	Evolutionary Divergence of the Novel Staphylococcal Species Staphylococcus argenteus
title_full	Evolutionary Divergence of the Novel Staphylococcal Species Staphylococcus argenteus
title_fullStr	Evolutionary Divergence of the Novel Staphylococcal Species Staphylococcus argenteus
title_full_unstemmed	Evolutionary Divergence of the Novel Staphylococcal Species Staphylococcus argenteus
title_sort	evolutionary divergence of the novel staphylococcal species staphylococcus argenteus
publisher	Frontiers Media S.A.
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/036b77c6221e429c9a1b7928cd667081
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Evolutionary Divergence of the Novel Staphylococcal Species Staphylococcus argenteus

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