The association between implicit and explicit affective inhibitory control, rumination and depressive symptoms

Abstract Inhibitory control underlies one’s ability to maintain goal-directed behavior by inhibiting prepotent responses or ignoring irrelevant information. Recent models suggest that impaired inhibition of negative information may contribute to depressive symptoms, and that this association is medi...

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Autores principales:	Orly Shimony, Noam Einav, Omer Bonne, Joshua T. Jordan, Thomas M. Van Vleet, Mor Nahum
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/03845c953e1e42e2b62db257143b30c9
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:03845c953e1e42e2b62db257143b30c92021-12-02T15:02:31ZThe association between implicit and explicit affective inhibitory control, rumination and depressive symptoms10.1038/s41598-021-90875-32045-2322https://doaj.org/article/03845c953e1e42e2b62db257143b30c92021-06-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-90875-3https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract Inhibitory control underlies one’s ability to maintain goal-directed behavior by inhibiting prepotent responses or ignoring irrelevant information. Recent models suggest that impaired inhibition of negative information may contribute to depressive symptoms, and that this association is mediated by rumination. However, the exact nature of this association, particularly in non-clinical samples, is unclear. The current study assessed the relationship between inhibitory control over emotional vs. non-emotional information, rumination and depressive symptoms. A non-clinical sample of 119 participants (mean age: 36.44 ± 11.74) with various levels of depressive symptoms completed three variations of a Go/No-Go task online; two of the task variations required either explicit or implicit processing of emotional expressions, and a third variation contained no emotional expressions (i.e., neutral condition). We found reductions in inhibitory control for participants reporting elevated symptoms of depression on all three task variations, relative to less depressed participants. However, for the task variation that required implicit emotion processing, depressive symptoms were associated with inhibitory deficits for sad and neutral, but not for happy expressions. An exploratory analysis showed that the relationship between inhibition and depressive symptoms occurs in part through trait rumination for all three tasks, regardless of emotional content. Collectively, these results indicate that elevated depressive symptoms are associated with both a general inhibitory control deficit, as well as affective interference from negative emotions, with implications for the assessment and treatment of mood disorders.Orly ShimonyNoam EinavOmer BonneJoshua T. JordanThomas M. Van VleetMor NahumNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-13 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Orly Shimony Noam Einav Omer Bonne Joshua T. Jordan Thomas M. Van Vleet Mor Nahum The association between implicit and explicit affective inhibitory control, rumination and depressive symptoms
description	Abstract Inhibitory control underlies one’s ability to maintain goal-directed behavior by inhibiting prepotent responses or ignoring irrelevant information. Recent models suggest that impaired inhibition of negative information may contribute to depressive symptoms, and that this association is mediated by rumination. However, the exact nature of this association, particularly in non-clinical samples, is unclear. The current study assessed the relationship between inhibitory control over emotional vs. non-emotional information, rumination and depressive symptoms. A non-clinical sample of 119 participants (mean age: 36.44 ± 11.74) with various levels of depressive symptoms completed three variations of a Go/No-Go task online; two of the task variations required either explicit or implicit processing of emotional expressions, and a third variation contained no emotional expressions (i.e., neutral condition). We found reductions in inhibitory control for participants reporting elevated symptoms of depression on all three task variations, relative to less depressed participants. However, for the task variation that required implicit emotion processing, depressive symptoms were associated with inhibitory deficits for sad and neutral, but not for happy expressions. An exploratory analysis showed that the relationship between inhibition and depressive symptoms occurs in part through trait rumination for all three tasks, regardless of emotional content. Collectively, these results indicate that elevated depressive symptoms are associated with both a general inhibitory control deficit, as well as affective interference from negative emotions, with implications for the assessment and treatment of mood disorders.
format	article
author	Orly Shimony Noam Einav Omer Bonne Joshua T. Jordan Thomas M. Van Vleet Mor Nahum
author_facet	Orly Shimony Noam Einav Omer Bonne Joshua T. Jordan Thomas M. Van Vleet Mor Nahum
author_sort	Orly Shimony
title	The association between implicit and explicit affective inhibitory control, rumination and depressive symptoms
title_short	The association between implicit and explicit affective inhibitory control, rumination and depressive symptoms
title_full	The association between implicit and explicit affective inhibitory control, rumination and depressive symptoms
title_fullStr	The association between implicit and explicit affective inhibitory control, rumination and depressive symptoms
title_full_unstemmed	The association between implicit and explicit affective inhibitory control, rumination and depressive symptoms
title_sort	association between implicit and explicit affective inhibitory control, rumination and depressive symptoms
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/03845c953e1e42e2b62db257143b30c9
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The association between implicit and explicit affective inhibitory control, rumination and depressive symptoms

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