Physical, Chemical and Geotechnical Characterization of Wet Flue Gas Desulfurization Gypsum and Its Potential Application as Building Materials

In South Africa, coal represents the primary source of energy used for electricity generation. Coal power plants use the wet flue gas desulfurization (WFGD) process to remove sulfur dioxide (SO<sub>2</sub>) from their flue gas. However, this technology produces a large amount of syntheti...

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Autores principales:	Thandiwe Sithole, Tebogo Mashifana, Dumisane Mahlangu, Leonel Tchadjie
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	gypsum waste characterization beneficiation curing temperature compressive strength bricks Building construction TH1-9745
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/038d668af11949b79154d1504c7c37c8
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:038d668af11949b79154d1504c7c37c82021-11-25T16:59:28ZPhysical, Chemical and Geotechnical Characterization of Wet Flue Gas Desulfurization Gypsum and Its Potential Application as Building Materials10.3390/buildings111105002075-5309https://doaj.org/article/038d668af11949b79154d1504c7c37c82021-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2075-5309/11/11/500https://doaj.org/toc/2075-5309In South Africa, coal represents the primary source of energy used for electricity generation. Coal power plants use the wet flue gas desulfurization (WFGD) process to remove sulfur dioxide (SO<sub>2</sub>) from their flue gas. However, this technology produces a large amount of synthetic gypsum, resulting in waste disposal and environmental pollution. This study investigated the physical, chemical and geotechnical properties of WFGD gypsum and its potential application to develop cement-free bricks. WFGD gypsum was collected from a coal power plant in South Africa. It was found that the principal oxides of WFGD gypsum were sulfur trioxide (SO<sub>3</sub>) and calcium oxide (CaO), which represented more than 90% of the total weight. Calcium sulfate (CaSO<sub>4</sub>) and calcium di aluminate (CA2) were the predominant minerals in the raw material. The density of the WFGD gypsum was 2.43 g/cm<sup>3</sup>. The maximum dry density and optimum moisture content values were 1425 kg/m<sup>3</sup> and 18.5%, respectively. WFGD gypsum had a liquid limit of 51% but did not display any plasticity characteristics. The optimum curing temperature of gypsum bricks was 40 °C. WFGD gypsum-based bricks exhibited compressive strength of up to 2.3 MPa and a density of about 28% less than that of typical clay bricks. Additionally, there was no significant decrease in compressive strength after seven wet/dry cycles. These results show that WFGD gypsum could be used to produce lightweight building materials with low strength requirements.Thandiwe SitholeTebogo MashifanaDumisane MahlanguLeonel TchadjieMDPI AGarticlegypsum wastecharacterizationbeneficiationcuring temperaturecompressive strengthbricksBuilding constructionTH1-9745ENBuildings, Vol 11, Iss 500, p 500 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	gypsum waste characterization beneficiation curing temperature compressive strength bricks Building construction TH1-9745
spellingShingle	gypsum waste characterization beneficiation curing temperature compressive strength bricks Building construction TH1-9745 Thandiwe Sithole Tebogo Mashifana Dumisane Mahlangu Leonel Tchadjie Physical, Chemical and Geotechnical Characterization of Wet Flue Gas Desulfurization Gypsum and Its Potential Application as Building Materials
description	In South Africa, coal represents the primary source of energy used for electricity generation. Coal power plants use the wet flue gas desulfurization (WFGD) process to remove sulfur dioxide (SO<sub>2</sub>) from their flue gas. However, this technology produces a large amount of synthetic gypsum, resulting in waste disposal and environmental pollution. This study investigated the physical, chemical and geotechnical properties of WFGD gypsum and its potential application to develop cement-free bricks. WFGD gypsum was collected from a coal power plant in South Africa. It was found that the principal oxides of WFGD gypsum were sulfur trioxide (SO<sub>3</sub>) and calcium oxide (CaO), which represented more than 90% of the total weight. Calcium sulfate (CaSO<sub>4</sub>) and calcium di aluminate (CA2) were the predominant minerals in the raw material. The density of the WFGD gypsum was 2.43 g/cm<sup>3</sup>. The maximum dry density and optimum moisture content values were 1425 kg/m<sup>3</sup> and 18.5%, respectively. WFGD gypsum had a liquid limit of 51% but did not display any plasticity characteristics. The optimum curing temperature of gypsum bricks was 40 °C. WFGD gypsum-based bricks exhibited compressive strength of up to 2.3 MPa and a density of about 28% less than that of typical clay bricks. Additionally, there was no significant decrease in compressive strength after seven wet/dry cycles. These results show that WFGD gypsum could be used to produce lightweight building materials with low strength requirements.
format	article
author	Thandiwe Sithole Tebogo Mashifana Dumisane Mahlangu Leonel Tchadjie
author_facet	Thandiwe Sithole Tebogo Mashifana Dumisane Mahlangu Leonel Tchadjie
author_sort	Thandiwe Sithole
title	Physical, Chemical and Geotechnical Characterization of Wet Flue Gas Desulfurization Gypsum and Its Potential Application as Building Materials
title_short	Physical, Chemical and Geotechnical Characterization of Wet Flue Gas Desulfurization Gypsum and Its Potential Application as Building Materials
title_full	Physical, Chemical and Geotechnical Characterization of Wet Flue Gas Desulfurization Gypsum and Its Potential Application as Building Materials
title_fullStr	Physical, Chemical and Geotechnical Characterization of Wet Flue Gas Desulfurization Gypsum and Its Potential Application as Building Materials
title_full_unstemmed	Physical, Chemical and Geotechnical Characterization of Wet Flue Gas Desulfurization Gypsum and Its Potential Application as Building Materials
title_sort	physical, chemical and geotechnical characterization of wet flue gas desulfurization gypsum and its potential application as building materials
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/038d668af11949b79154d1504c7c37c8
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Physical, Chemical and Geotechnical Characterization of Wet Flue Gas Desulfurization Gypsum and Its Potential Application as Building Materials

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