A model for screen utility to predict the future of printed solar cell metallization

Abstract Fine line screen printing for solar cell metallization is one of the most critical steps in the entire production chain of solar cells, facing the challenge of providing a conductive grid with a minimum amount of resource consumption at an ever increasing demand for higher production speeds...

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Autores principales:	Sebastian Tepner, Linda Ney, Marius Singler, Ralf Preu, Maximilian Pospischil, Florian Clement
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/039a1cb064fc48548f0cf92a3023634d
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:039a1cb064fc48548f0cf92a3023634d2021-12-02T14:28:17ZA model for screen utility to predict the future of printed solar cell metallization10.1038/s41598-021-83275-02045-2322https://doaj.org/article/039a1cb064fc48548f0cf92a3023634d2021-02-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-83275-0https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract Fine line screen printing for solar cell metallization is one of the most critical steps in the entire production chain of solar cells, facing the challenge of providing a conductive grid with a minimum amount of resource consumption at an ever increasing demand for higher production speeds. The continuous effort of the industrial and scientific community has led to tremendous progress over the last 20 years, demonstrating an average reduction rate for the finger width of approximately 7 µm per year with the latest highlight of achieving widths of 19 µm. However, further reductions will become a major challenge because commonly used metal pastes are not able to penetrate arbitrary small screen opening structures. Therefore, this study introduces the novel dimensionless parameter screen utility index SUI which quantifies the expected printability of any 2-dimensional screen architecture in reference to a given paste. Further, we present a full theoretical derivation of the SUI, a correlation to experimental results and an in-depth simulation over a broad range of screen manufacturing parameters. The analysis of the SUI predicts the point when commonly used wire materials will fail to provide sufficient meshes for future solar cell metallization tasks. Therefore, novel wire materials (e.g. the use of carbon nanotubes) with very high ultimate tensile strengths are discussed and suggested in order to fulfill the SUI requirements for printing contact fingers with widths below 10 µm. We further analyze economic aspects of design choices for screen angles by presenting an analytical solution for the calculation of mesh cutting losses in industrial screen production. Finally, we combine all aspects by presenting a generalized approach for designing a 2-dimensional screen architecture which fulfills the task of printing at a desired finger width.Sebastian TepnerLinda NeyMarius SinglerRalf PreuMaximilian PospischilFlorian ClementNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-12 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Sebastian Tepner Linda Ney Marius Singler Ralf Preu Maximilian Pospischil Florian Clement A model for screen utility to predict the future of printed solar cell metallization
description	Abstract Fine line screen printing for solar cell metallization is one of the most critical steps in the entire production chain of solar cells, facing the challenge of providing a conductive grid with a minimum amount of resource consumption at an ever increasing demand for higher production speeds. The continuous effort of the industrial and scientific community has led to tremendous progress over the last 20 years, demonstrating an average reduction rate for the finger width of approximately 7 µm per year with the latest highlight of achieving widths of 19 µm. However, further reductions will become a major challenge because commonly used metal pastes are not able to penetrate arbitrary small screen opening structures. Therefore, this study introduces the novel dimensionless parameter screen utility index SUI which quantifies the expected printability of any 2-dimensional screen architecture in reference to a given paste. Further, we present a full theoretical derivation of the SUI, a correlation to experimental results and an in-depth simulation over a broad range of screen manufacturing parameters. The analysis of the SUI predicts the point when commonly used wire materials will fail to provide sufficient meshes for future solar cell metallization tasks. Therefore, novel wire materials (e.g. the use of carbon nanotubes) with very high ultimate tensile strengths are discussed and suggested in order to fulfill the SUI requirements for printing contact fingers with widths below 10 µm. We further analyze economic aspects of design choices for screen angles by presenting an analytical solution for the calculation of mesh cutting losses in industrial screen production. Finally, we combine all aspects by presenting a generalized approach for designing a 2-dimensional screen architecture which fulfills the task of printing at a desired finger width.
format	article
author	Sebastian Tepner Linda Ney Marius Singler Ralf Preu Maximilian Pospischil Florian Clement
author_facet	Sebastian Tepner Linda Ney Marius Singler Ralf Preu Maximilian Pospischil Florian Clement
author_sort	Sebastian Tepner
title	A model for screen utility to predict the future of printed solar cell metallization
title_short	A model for screen utility to predict the future of printed solar cell metallization
title_full	A model for screen utility to predict the future of printed solar cell metallization
title_fullStr	A model for screen utility to predict the future of printed solar cell metallization
title_full_unstemmed	A model for screen utility to predict the future of printed solar cell metallization
title_sort	model for screen utility to predict the future of printed solar cell metallization
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/039a1cb064fc48548f0cf92a3023634d
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A model for screen utility to predict the future of printed solar cell metallization

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