Performance of Glow Fixation GoCheck Kids and 2WIN Photoscreeners and Retinomax to Uncover Hyperopia

Alexa H Levitt,1 Samuel J Martin,2 Robert W Arnold3 1Human and Organizational Development, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA; 2Research Department, Alaska Blind Child Discovery, Anchorage, AK, USA; 3Alaska Blind Child Discovery, Alaska Children’s EYE & Strabismus, Anchorage...

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Autores principales:	Levitt AH, Martin SJ, Arnold RW
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Dove Medical Press 2020
Materias:	amblyopia risk factor vision screening photoscreener hyperopia Ophthalmology RE1-994
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/03bbbe7e7ced4159886789e54bd88239
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:03bbbe7e7ced4159886789e54bd882392021-12-02T10:19:45ZPerformance of Glow Fixation GoCheck Kids and 2WIN Photoscreeners and Retinomax to Uncover Hyperopia1177-5483https://doaj.org/article/03bbbe7e7ced4159886789e54bd882392020-08-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.dovepress.com/performance-of-glow-fixation-gocheck-kids-and-2win-photoscreeners-and--peer-reviewed-article-OPTHhttps://doaj.org/toc/1177-5483Alexa H Levitt,1 Samuel J Martin,2 Robert W Arnold3 1Human and Organizational Development, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA; 2Research Department, Alaska Blind Child Discovery, Anchorage, AK, USA; 3Alaska Blind Child Discovery, Alaska Children’s EYE & Strabismus, Anchorage, AK, USACorrespondence: Robert W ArnoldAlaska Blind Child Discovery, Alaska Children’s EYE & Strabismus, Anchorage, AK, USAEmail eyedoc@alaska.netBackground: A low-detail, glowing fixation device was added to GoCheck Kids (GCK) photoscreener in the hope of unmasking hyperopia and amblyopia risk factors (ARF).Methods: Pediatric eye patients were screened by GCK and 2WIN photoscreeners, and Retinomax autorefractor before being compared to AAPOS ARFs.Results: Screening was attempted by 131 children who then had school bus accommodation-relaxing skiascopy (SBA-RS) before cycloplegic examination. By 2013 AAPOS uniform guidelines, sensitivity/specificity for GCK was 87%/68%, for 2WIN 87%/71% and for Retinomax 79%/68%. Detection of amblyopia had sensitivity/specificity by GCK of 78%/63%, for 2WIN 79%/65% and for Retinomax 77%/68%. Inconclusive screens were seven for GCK, six for 2WIN and 13 for Retinomax. Mean hyperopia for GCK (+2.49± 0.74 D) was similar to cycloplegic refraction (+2.93± 0.72 D) and SBA-RS (+2.80± 0.82 D) while GCK was slightly more than Retinomax (+1.59± 0.93 D, p=0.13) but significantly more than 2WIN (+1.02± 0.49 D, p< 0.01).Conclusion: GCK, 2WIN and Retinomax had similar validity detecting uniform amblyopia risk factors and amblyopia itself. The nondetailed glow fixation device allowed GCK to uncover substantial hyperopia while the detailed flashing fixation devices on 2WIN and Retinomax seemed to stimulate accommodation in some hyperopic children.Clinical Trials Registry: NCT04297969. Data Access: http://www.abcd-vision.org/references/GCK%20glow%202WIN%20deidentify.pdf.Précis: A glow fixation device on a smart phone photoscreener allowed robust detection of hyperopia.Keywords: amblyopia risk factor, vision screening, photoscreener, hyperopiaLevitt AHMartin SJArnold RWDove Medical Pressarticleamblyopia risk factorvision screeningphotoscreenerhyperopiaOphthalmologyRE1-994ENClinical Ophthalmology, Vol Volume 14, Pp 2237-2244 (2020)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	amblyopia risk factor vision screening photoscreener hyperopia Ophthalmology RE1-994
spellingShingle	amblyopia risk factor vision screening photoscreener hyperopia Ophthalmology RE1-994 Levitt AH Martin SJ Arnold RW Performance of Glow Fixation GoCheck Kids and 2WIN Photoscreeners and Retinomax to Uncover Hyperopia
description	Alexa H Levitt,1 Samuel J Martin,2 Robert W Arnold3 1Human and Organizational Development, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA; 2Research Department, Alaska Blind Child Discovery, Anchorage, AK, USA; 3Alaska Blind Child Discovery, Alaska Children’s EYE & Strabismus, Anchorage, AK, USACorrespondence: Robert W ArnoldAlaska Blind Child Discovery, Alaska Children’s EYE & Strabismus, Anchorage, AK, USAEmail eyedoc@alaska.netBackground: A low-detail, glowing fixation device was added to GoCheck Kids (GCK) photoscreener in the hope of unmasking hyperopia and amblyopia risk factors (ARF).Methods: Pediatric eye patients were screened by GCK and 2WIN photoscreeners, and Retinomax autorefractor before being compared to AAPOS ARFs.Results: Screening was attempted by 131 children who then had school bus accommodation-relaxing skiascopy (SBA-RS) before cycloplegic examination. By 2013 AAPOS uniform guidelines, sensitivity/specificity for GCK was 87%/68%, for 2WIN 87%/71% and for Retinomax 79%/68%. Detection of amblyopia had sensitivity/specificity by GCK of 78%/63%, for 2WIN 79%/65% and for Retinomax 77%/68%. Inconclusive screens were seven for GCK, six for 2WIN and 13 for Retinomax. Mean hyperopia for GCK (+2.49± 0.74 D) was similar to cycloplegic refraction (+2.93± 0.72 D) and SBA-RS (+2.80± 0.82 D) while GCK was slightly more than Retinomax (+1.59± 0.93 D, p=0.13) but significantly more than 2WIN (+1.02± 0.49 D, p< 0.01).Conclusion: GCK, 2WIN and Retinomax had similar validity detecting uniform amblyopia risk factors and amblyopia itself. The nondetailed glow fixation device allowed GCK to uncover substantial hyperopia while the detailed flashing fixation devices on 2WIN and Retinomax seemed to stimulate accommodation in some hyperopic children.Clinical Trials Registry: NCT04297969. Data Access: http://www.abcd-vision.org/references/GCK%20glow%202WIN%20deidentify.pdf.Précis: A glow fixation device on a smart phone photoscreener allowed robust detection of hyperopia.Keywords: amblyopia risk factor, vision screening, photoscreener, hyperopia
format	article
author	Levitt AH Martin SJ Arnold RW
author_facet	Levitt AH Martin SJ Arnold RW
author_sort	Levitt AH
title	Performance of Glow Fixation GoCheck Kids and 2WIN Photoscreeners and Retinomax to Uncover Hyperopia
title_short	Performance of Glow Fixation GoCheck Kids and 2WIN Photoscreeners and Retinomax to Uncover Hyperopia
title_full	Performance of Glow Fixation GoCheck Kids and 2WIN Photoscreeners and Retinomax to Uncover Hyperopia
title_fullStr	Performance of Glow Fixation GoCheck Kids and 2WIN Photoscreeners and Retinomax to Uncover Hyperopia
title_full_unstemmed	Performance of Glow Fixation GoCheck Kids and 2WIN Photoscreeners and Retinomax to Uncover Hyperopia
title_sort	performance of glow fixation gocheck kids and 2win photoscreeners and retinomax to uncover hyperopia
publisher	Dove Medical Press
publishDate	2020
url	https://doaj.org/article/03bbbe7e7ced4159886789e54bd88239
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_version_	1718397393120002048

Performance of Glow Fixation GoCheck Kids and 2WIN Photoscreeners and Retinomax to Uncover Hyperopia

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