Stable and Flexible Synaptic Transmission Controlled by the Active Zone Protein Interactions

An action potential triggers neurotransmitter release from synaptic vesicles docking to a specialized release site of the presynaptic plasma membrane, the active zone. The active zone is a highly organized structure with proteins that serves as a platform for synaptic vesicle exocytosis, mediated by...

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Autor principal:	Sumiko Mochida
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	action potential active zone Ca<sup>2+</sup> channels homeostatic synaptic plasticity presynaptic plasticity presynaptic proteins Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Chemistry QD1-999
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/03ccb82b816947e3993d4f121749fc44
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:03ccb82b816947e3993d4f121749fc442021-11-11T17:13:47ZStable and Flexible Synaptic Transmission Controlled by the Active Zone Protein Interactions10.3390/ijms2221117751422-00671661-6596https://doaj.org/article/03ccb82b816947e3993d4f121749fc442021-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/22/21/11775https://doaj.org/toc/1661-6596https://doaj.org/toc/1422-0067An action potential triggers neurotransmitter release from synaptic vesicles docking to a specialized release site of the presynaptic plasma membrane, the active zone. The active zone is a highly organized structure with proteins that serves as a platform for synaptic vesicle exocytosis, mediated by SNAREs complex and Ca<sup>2+</sup> sensor proteins, within a sub-millisecond opening of nearby Ca<sup>2+</sup> channels with the membrane depolarization. In response to incoming neuronal signals, each active zone protein plays a role in the release-ready site replenishment with synaptic vesicles for sustainable synaptic transmission. The active zone release apparatus provides a possible link between neuronal activity and plasticity. This review summarizes the mostly physiological role of active zone protein interactions that control synaptic strength, presynaptic short-term plasticity, and homeostatic synaptic plasticity.Sumiko MochidaMDPI AGarticleaction potentialactive zoneCa<sup>2+</sup> channelshomeostatic synaptic plasticitypresynaptic plasticitypresynaptic proteinsBiology (General)QH301-705.5ChemistryQD1-999ENInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences, Vol 22, Iss 11775, p 11775 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	action potential active zone Ca<sup>2+</sup> channels homeostatic synaptic plasticity presynaptic plasticity presynaptic proteins Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Chemistry QD1-999
spellingShingle	action potential active zone Ca<sup>2+</sup> channels homeostatic synaptic plasticity presynaptic plasticity presynaptic proteins Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Chemistry QD1-999 Sumiko Mochida Stable and Flexible Synaptic Transmission Controlled by the Active Zone Protein Interactions
description	An action potential triggers neurotransmitter release from synaptic vesicles docking to a specialized release site of the presynaptic plasma membrane, the active zone. The active zone is a highly organized structure with proteins that serves as a platform for synaptic vesicle exocytosis, mediated by SNAREs complex and Ca<sup>2+</sup> sensor proteins, within a sub-millisecond opening of nearby Ca<sup>2+</sup> channels with the membrane depolarization. In response to incoming neuronal signals, each active zone protein plays a role in the release-ready site replenishment with synaptic vesicles for sustainable synaptic transmission. The active zone release apparatus provides a possible link between neuronal activity and plasticity. This review summarizes the mostly physiological role of active zone protein interactions that control synaptic strength, presynaptic short-term plasticity, and homeostatic synaptic plasticity.
format	article
author	Sumiko Mochida
author_facet	Sumiko Mochida
author_sort	Sumiko Mochida
title	Stable and Flexible Synaptic Transmission Controlled by the Active Zone Protein Interactions
title_short	Stable and Flexible Synaptic Transmission Controlled by the Active Zone Protein Interactions
title_full	Stable and Flexible Synaptic Transmission Controlled by the Active Zone Protein Interactions
title_fullStr	Stable and Flexible Synaptic Transmission Controlled by the Active Zone Protein Interactions
title_full_unstemmed	Stable and Flexible Synaptic Transmission Controlled by the Active Zone Protein Interactions
title_sort	stable and flexible synaptic transmission controlled by the active zone protein interactions
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/03ccb82b816947e3993d4f121749fc44
work_keys_str_mv	AT sumikomochida stableandflexiblesynaptictransmissioncontrolledbytheactivezoneproteininteractions
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Stable and Flexible Synaptic Transmission Controlled by the Active Zone Protein Interactions

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