Experimental comparison between R134a/R744 and R438A/R744 (drop‐in) cascade refrigeration systems based on energy consumption and greenhouse gases emissions

Abstract This experimental study evaluates the energy performance and climatic changes of a cascade cooling system operating with the R134a/R744 pairs (cooling capacity of 4.5‐6 kW) and R438A/R744. In both cases, the low‐temperature refrigerant, R744, operated under subcritical conditions. The exper...

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Autores principales:	Marcus Vinícius Almeida Queiroz, Frank William Adolfo Blanco Ojeda, Muhammad Amjad, Fahid Riaz, Chaudhary Awais Salman, José Alberto Reis Parise, Enio Pedone Bandarra Filho
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Wiley 2021
Materias:	cascade refrigeration drop‐in R134a R438A R744 Technology T Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/041f3a51b46d427caf7b22e1ef4b078c
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:041f3a51b46d427caf7b22e1ef4b078c2021-12-02T05:24:30ZExperimental comparison between R134a/R744 and R438A/R744 (drop‐in) cascade refrigeration systems based on energy consumption and greenhouse gases emissions2050-050510.1002/ese3.976https://doaj.org/article/041f3a51b46d427caf7b22e1ef4b078c2021-12-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1002/ese3.976https://doaj.org/toc/2050-0505Abstract This experimental study evaluates the energy performance and climatic changes of a cascade cooling system operating with the R134a/R744 pairs (cooling capacity of 4.5‐6 kW) and R438A/R744. In both cases, the low‐temperature refrigerant, R744, operated under subcritical conditions. The experimental apparatus basically consists of two vapor‐compression cycles coupled by a plate cascade condenser. Two operational variables, from R744 cycle, were controlled: the degree‐of‐superheat and the compressor frequency. The experiment was initially assembled to pair R134a/R744. Subsequently, the R134a refrigerant charge in the high‐temperature cycle was replaced by R438A, on a drop‐in basis. The two systems, R134a/R744 and R438A/R744, were compared for similar cooling capacities and cold chamber air temperatures. Results showed that the energy consumption of the high‐temperature compressor, operating with R438A, was higher than R134a for all tests. As a result, the COP values for R438A/R744 were 30% lower than those for R134a/R744. The greenhouse gases emissions of the two systems were evaluated using the total equivalent warming impact factor, TEWI, whose value for the R438A/R744 pair was approximately 29.5% higher, compared with R134a/R744. Since R438A was originally designed to substitute R22, a few comparative tests were carried out with the latter, always with R744 as the low‐temperature cycle working fluid.Marcus Vinícius Almeida QueirozFrank William Adolfo Blanco OjedaMuhammad AmjadFahid RiazChaudhary Awais SalmanJosé Alberto Reis PariseEnio Pedone Bandarra FilhoWileyarticlecascade refrigerationdrop‐inR134aR438AR744TechnologyTScienceQENEnergy Science & Engineering, Vol 9, Iss 12, Pp 2281-2297 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	cascade refrigeration drop‐in R134a R438A R744 Technology T Science Q
spellingShingle	cascade refrigeration drop‐in R134a R438A R744 Technology T Science Q Marcus Vinícius Almeida Queiroz Frank William Adolfo Blanco Ojeda Muhammad Amjad Fahid Riaz Chaudhary Awais Salman José Alberto Reis Parise Enio Pedone Bandarra Filho Experimental comparison between R134a/R744 and R438A/R744 (drop‐in) cascade refrigeration systems based on energy consumption and greenhouse gases emissions
description	Abstract This experimental study evaluates the energy performance and climatic changes of a cascade cooling system operating with the R134a/R744 pairs (cooling capacity of 4.5‐6 kW) and R438A/R744. In both cases, the low‐temperature refrigerant, R744, operated under subcritical conditions. The experimental apparatus basically consists of two vapor‐compression cycles coupled by a plate cascade condenser. Two operational variables, from R744 cycle, were controlled: the degree‐of‐superheat and the compressor frequency. The experiment was initially assembled to pair R134a/R744. Subsequently, the R134a refrigerant charge in the high‐temperature cycle was replaced by R438A, on a drop‐in basis. The two systems, R134a/R744 and R438A/R744, were compared for similar cooling capacities and cold chamber air temperatures. Results showed that the energy consumption of the high‐temperature compressor, operating with R438A, was higher than R134a for all tests. As a result, the COP values for R438A/R744 were 30% lower than those for R134a/R744. The greenhouse gases emissions of the two systems were evaluated using the total equivalent warming impact factor, TEWI, whose value for the R438A/R744 pair was approximately 29.5% higher, compared with R134a/R744. Since R438A was originally designed to substitute R22, a few comparative tests were carried out with the latter, always with R744 as the low‐temperature cycle working fluid.
format	article
author	Marcus Vinícius Almeida Queiroz Frank William Adolfo Blanco Ojeda Muhammad Amjad Fahid Riaz Chaudhary Awais Salman José Alberto Reis Parise Enio Pedone Bandarra Filho
author_facet	Marcus Vinícius Almeida Queiroz Frank William Adolfo Blanco Ojeda Muhammad Amjad Fahid Riaz Chaudhary Awais Salman José Alberto Reis Parise Enio Pedone Bandarra Filho
author_sort	Marcus Vinícius Almeida Queiroz
title	Experimental comparison between R134a/R744 and R438A/R744 (drop‐in) cascade refrigeration systems based on energy consumption and greenhouse gases emissions
title_short	Experimental comparison between R134a/R744 and R438A/R744 (drop‐in) cascade refrigeration systems based on energy consumption and greenhouse gases emissions
title_full	Experimental comparison between R134a/R744 and R438A/R744 (drop‐in) cascade refrigeration systems based on energy consumption and greenhouse gases emissions
title_fullStr	Experimental comparison between R134a/R744 and R438A/R744 (drop‐in) cascade refrigeration systems based on energy consumption and greenhouse gases emissions
title_full_unstemmed	Experimental comparison between R134a/R744 and R438A/R744 (drop‐in) cascade refrigeration systems based on energy consumption and greenhouse gases emissions
title_sort	experimental comparison between r134a/r744 and r438a/r744 (drop‐in) cascade refrigeration systems based on energy consumption and greenhouse gases emissions
publisher	Wiley
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/041f3a51b46d427caf7b22e1ef4b078c
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Experimental comparison between R134a/R744 and R438A/R744 (drop‐in) cascade refrigeration systems based on energy consumption and greenhouse gases emissions

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