Differentiation and Changes of Household Electricity Prices in EU Countries

The paper’s main purpose is to identify the differentiation and variation of electricity prices for households in EU countries. The specific objectives are to highlight the directions and differentiation of price changes in EU states, determine the degree of volatility (or stability) of electricity...

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Autores principales:	Tomasz Rokicki, Piotr Bórawski, Barbara Gradziuk, Piotr Gradziuk, Aldona Mrówczyńska-Kamińska, Joanna Kozak, Danuta Jolanta Guzal-Dec, Kamil Wojtczuk
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	electricity prices households EU countries directions of price changes Technology T
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/0421e50f9c2f4fe1af21b16507e41cde
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:0421e50f9c2f4fe1af21b16507e41cde2021-11-11T15:44:15ZDifferentiation and Changes of Household Electricity Prices in EU Countries10.3390/en142168941996-1073https://doaj.org/article/0421e50f9c2f4fe1af21b16507e41cde2021-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/1996-1073/14/21/6894https://doaj.org/toc/1996-1073The paper’s main purpose is to identify the differentiation and variation of electricity prices for households in EU countries. The specific objectives are to highlight the directions and differentiation of price changes in EU states, determine the degree of volatility (or stability) of electricity rates, and establish the correlation between electricity prices for household consumers and economic and energy parameters. All members of the European Union were chosen for this project as of 31 December 2019 (28 countries). The analyzed period covered the years 2008–2019. The source of collected information was the thematic literature review and the data from Eurostat. Descriptive, tabular and graphical methods, constant-based dynamics indicators, coefficient of variation, Kendall’s tau correlation coefficient, and Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient were used to analyze and present the materials. It was determined that higher electricity prices for households in the EU states were associated with better economic parameters. Developed countries must have higher energy rates because they will ensure energy transformation, i.e., implementing energy-saving technologies. In the EU, electricity prices for household consumers showed little volatility, but that variability increased in line with the surge of the volume of household energy consumption.Tomasz RokickiPiotr BórawskiBarbara GradziukPiotr GradziukAldona Mrówczyńska-KamińskaJoanna KozakDanuta Jolanta Guzal-DecKamil WojtczukMDPI AGarticleelectricity priceshouseholdsEU countriesdirections of price changesTechnologyTENEnergies, Vol 14, Iss 6894, p 6894 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	electricity prices households EU countries directions of price changes Technology T
spellingShingle	electricity prices households EU countries directions of price changes Technology T Tomasz Rokicki Piotr Bórawski Barbara Gradziuk Piotr Gradziuk Aldona Mrówczyńska-Kamińska Joanna Kozak Danuta Jolanta Guzal-Dec Kamil Wojtczuk Differentiation and Changes of Household Electricity Prices in EU Countries
description	The paper’s main purpose is to identify the differentiation and variation of electricity prices for households in EU countries. The specific objectives are to highlight the directions and differentiation of price changes in EU states, determine the degree of volatility (or stability) of electricity rates, and establish the correlation between electricity prices for household consumers and economic and energy parameters. All members of the European Union were chosen for this project as of 31 December 2019 (28 countries). The analyzed period covered the years 2008–2019. The source of collected information was the thematic literature review and the data from Eurostat. Descriptive, tabular and graphical methods, constant-based dynamics indicators, coefficient of variation, Kendall’s tau correlation coefficient, and Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient were used to analyze and present the materials. It was determined that higher electricity prices for households in the EU states were associated with better economic parameters. Developed countries must have higher energy rates because they will ensure energy transformation, i.e., implementing energy-saving technologies. In the EU, electricity prices for household consumers showed little volatility, but that variability increased in line with the surge of the volume of household energy consumption.
format	article
author	Tomasz Rokicki Piotr Bórawski Barbara Gradziuk Piotr Gradziuk Aldona Mrówczyńska-Kamińska Joanna Kozak Danuta Jolanta Guzal-Dec Kamil Wojtczuk
author_facet	Tomasz Rokicki Piotr Bórawski Barbara Gradziuk Piotr Gradziuk Aldona Mrówczyńska-Kamińska Joanna Kozak Danuta Jolanta Guzal-Dec Kamil Wojtczuk
author_sort	Tomasz Rokicki
title	Differentiation and Changes of Household Electricity Prices in EU Countries
title_short	Differentiation and Changes of Household Electricity Prices in EU Countries
title_full	Differentiation and Changes of Household Electricity Prices in EU Countries
title_fullStr	Differentiation and Changes of Household Electricity Prices in EU Countries
title_full_unstemmed	Differentiation and Changes of Household Electricity Prices in EU Countries
title_sort	differentiation and changes of household electricity prices in eu countries
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/0421e50f9c2f4fe1af21b16507e41cde
work_keys_str_mv	AT tomaszrokicki differentiationandchangesofhouseholdelectricitypricesineucountries AT piotrborawski differentiationandchangesofhouseholdelectricitypricesineucountries AT barbaragradziuk differentiationandchangesofhouseholdelectricitypricesineucountries AT piotrgradziuk differentiationandchangesofhouseholdelectricitypricesineucountries AT aldonamrowczynskakaminska differentiationandchangesofhouseholdelectricitypricesineucountries AT joannakozak differentiationandchangesofhouseholdelectricitypricesineucountries AT danutajolantaguzaldec differentiationandchangesofhouseholdelectricitypricesineucountries AT kamilwojtczuk differentiationandchangesofhouseholdelectricitypricesineucountries
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Differentiation and Changes of Household Electricity Prices in EU Countries

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