Bacillus pumilus induced tolerance of Maize (Zea mays L.) against Cadmium (Cd) stress

Abstract Heavy metals contaminate the soil that alters the properties of soil and negatively affect plants growth. Using microorganism and plant can remove these pollutants from soil. The present investigation was designed to evaluate the induced effect of Bacillus pumilus on maize plant in Cadmium...

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Autores principales:	Asim Shahzad, Mingzhou Qin, Mahmood Elahie, Muhammad Naeem, Tasmia Bashir, Humaira Yasmin, Muhammad Younas, Ahsan Areeb, Muhammad Irfan, Motsim Billah, Abdul Shakoor, Saman Zulfiqar
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/04749cb2ace246ddb7f5aba651f05047
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:04749cb2ace246ddb7f5aba651f050472021-12-02T18:53:09ZBacillus pumilus induced tolerance of Maize (Zea mays L.) against Cadmium (Cd) stress10.1038/s41598-021-96786-72045-2322https://doaj.org/article/04749cb2ace246ddb7f5aba651f050472021-08-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-96786-7https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract Heavy metals contaminate the soil that alters the properties of soil and negatively affect plants growth. Using microorganism and plant can remove these pollutants from soil. The present investigation was designed to evaluate the induced effect of Bacillus pumilus on maize plant in Cadmium (Cd) contaminated soil. Three different concentrations of Cd (i.e. 0.25, 0.50 and 0.75 mg kg−1) were applied in soil under which maize plants were grown. The germination percentage, shoot length, leaf length, number of leaves, root length, fresh weight and nutrient uptake by maize plant were determined. The experiment was conducted by using complete randomized design (CRD) with three replicates. The result indicated that germination percentage, Shoot length, leaf length, root length, number of leaves, and plant fresh weight were reduced by 37, 39, 39, 32 and 59% respectively at 0.75 mg kg−1 of CdSO4 concentration but when maize seeds inoculated with Bacillus pumilus significantly increased the germination percentage, shoot length, leaf length, number of leaves, plant fresh weight at different concentrations of CdSO4. Moreover, the plant protein were significantly increased by 60% in T6 (0.25 mg kg−1 of CdSO4 + inoculated seed) and Peroxidase dismutase (POD) was also significantly higher by 346% in T6 (0.25 mg kg−1 of CdSO4 + inoculated seed), however, the Superoxide dismutase (SOD) was significantly higher in T5 (0.75 mg kg−1 of CdSO4 + uninoculated seed) and was 769% higher as compared to control. The Cd contents in Bacillus pumilus inoculated maize roots and shoots were decreased. The present investigations indicated that the inoculation of maize plant with Bacillus pumilus can help maize plants to withstand Cd stress but higher concentration of Cd can harm the plant. The Bacillus pumilus has good potential to remediate Cd from soil, and also have potential to reduce the phyto availability and toxicity of Cd.Asim ShahzadMingzhou QinMahmood ElahieMuhammad NaeemTasmia BashirHumaira YasminMuhammad YounasAhsan AreebMuhammad IrfanMotsim BillahAbdul ShakoorSaman ZulfiqarNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-11 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Asim Shahzad Mingzhou Qin Mahmood Elahie Muhammad Naeem Tasmia Bashir Humaira Yasmin Muhammad Younas Ahsan Areeb Muhammad Irfan Motsim Billah Abdul Shakoor Saman Zulfiqar Bacillus pumilus induced tolerance of Maize (Zea mays L.) against Cadmium (Cd) stress
description	Abstract Heavy metals contaminate the soil that alters the properties of soil and negatively affect plants growth. Using microorganism and plant can remove these pollutants from soil. The present investigation was designed to evaluate the induced effect of Bacillus pumilus on maize plant in Cadmium (Cd) contaminated soil. Three different concentrations of Cd (i.e. 0.25, 0.50 and 0.75 mg kg−1) were applied in soil under which maize plants were grown. The germination percentage, shoot length, leaf length, number of leaves, root length, fresh weight and nutrient uptake by maize plant were determined. The experiment was conducted by using complete randomized design (CRD) with three replicates. The result indicated that germination percentage, Shoot length, leaf length, root length, number of leaves, and plant fresh weight were reduced by 37, 39, 39, 32 and 59% respectively at 0.75 mg kg−1 of CdSO4 concentration but when maize seeds inoculated with Bacillus pumilus significantly increased the germination percentage, shoot length, leaf length, number of leaves, plant fresh weight at different concentrations of CdSO4. Moreover, the plant protein were significantly increased by 60% in T6 (0.25 mg kg−1 of CdSO4 + inoculated seed) and Peroxidase dismutase (POD) was also significantly higher by 346% in T6 (0.25 mg kg−1 of CdSO4 + inoculated seed), however, the Superoxide dismutase (SOD) was significantly higher in T5 (0.75 mg kg−1 of CdSO4 + uninoculated seed) and was 769% higher as compared to control. The Cd contents in Bacillus pumilus inoculated maize roots and shoots were decreased. The present investigations indicated that the inoculation of maize plant with Bacillus pumilus can help maize plants to withstand Cd stress but higher concentration of Cd can harm the plant. The Bacillus pumilus has good potential to remediate Cd from soil, and also have potential to reduce the phyto availability and toxicity of Cd.
format	article
author	Asim Shahzad Mingzhou Qin Mahmood Elahie Muhammad Naeem Tasmia Bashir Humaira Yasmin Muhammad Younas Ahsan Areeb Muhammad Irfan Motsim Billah Abdul Shakoor Saman Zulfiqar
author_facet	Asim Shahzad Mingzhou Qin Mahmood Elahie Muhammad Naeem Tasmia Bashir Humaira Yasmin Muhammad Younas Ahsan Areeb Muhammad Irfan Motsim Billah Abdul Shakoor Saman Zulfiqar
author_sort	Asim Shahzad
title	Bacillus pumilus induced tolerance of Maize (Zea mays L.) against Cadmium (Cd) stress
title_short	Bacillus pumilus induced tolerance of Maize (Zea mays L.) against Cadmium (Cd) stress
title_full	Bacillus pumilus induced tolerance of Maize (Zea mays L.) against Cadmium (Cd) stress
title_fullStr	Bacillus pumilus induced tolerance of Maize (Zea mays L.) against Cadmium (Cd) stress
title_full_unstemmed	Bacillus pumilus induced tolerance of Maize (Zea mays L.) against Cadmium (Cd) stress
title_sort	bacillus pumilus induced tolerance of maize (zea mays l.) against cadmium (cd) stress
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/04749cb2ace246ddb7f5aba651f05047
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Bacillus pumilus induced tolerance of Maize (Zea mays L.) against Cadmium (Cd) stress

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