Polyamidoamines Derived from Natural α-Amino Acids as Effective Flame Retardants for Cotton

In this paper, bioinspired polyamidoamines (PAAs) were synthesized from N,N′-methylenebisacrylamide and nine natural α-amino acids: L-alanine, L-valine, L-leucine (M-LEU), L-histidine, L...

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Autores principales:	Alessandro Beduini, Federico Carosio, Paolo Ferruti, Elisabetta Ranucci, Jenny Alongi
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	linear polyamidoamines α-amino acids intumescent flame retardants functional coatings cotton Organic chemistry QD241-441
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/0476eae11c494f8499de1344d4519a02
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:0476eae11c494f8499de1344d4519a022021-11-11T18:44:42ZPolyamidoamines Derived from Natural α-Amino Acids as Effective Flame Retardants for Cotton10.3390/polym132137142073-4360https://doaj.org/article/0476eae11c494f8499de1344d4519a022021-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/13/21/3714https://doaj.org/toc/2073-4360In this paper, bioinspired polyamidoamines (PAAs) were synthesized from <i>N,N</i>′-methylenebisacrylamide and nine natural α-amino acids: <i>L</i>-alanine, <i>L</i>-valine, <i>L</i>-leucine (M-LEU), <i>L</i>-histidine, <i>L</i>-serine, <i>L</i>-asparagine, <i>L</i>-glutamine (M-GLN), <i>L</i>-aspartic acid and <i>L</i>-glutamic acid (M-GLU) and their performance as flame retardants (FRs) for cotton were determined. The aim was to ascertain if the ability to protect cotton from fire by the process of intumescing, previously found for the glycine-derived M-GLY, was a general feature of α-amino acid-derived PAAs. None of the PAAs ignited by flame impingement, apart from M-LEU, which burned for a few seconds leaving 93% of residue. All of them formed carbon- and oxygen-rich, porous chars with a graphitic structure in the air at 350 °C, as revealed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. All samples were tested as FRs for cotton by horizontal flame spread tests. At a 5% add-on, M-GLU and M-GLN extinguished the flame. The same results were obtained with all the other PAAs at a 7% add-on. The α-amino acid residues influenced the FR performance. The most effective were those that, by heating, were most suitable for producing thermally stable cyclic aromatic structures. All PAA-treated cotton samples, even when burning, left significant residues, which, according to scanning electron microscopy analysis, maintained the original cotton texture.Alessandro BeduiniFederico CarosioPaolo FerrutiElisabetta RanucciJenny AlongiMDPI AGarticlelinear polyamidoaminesα-amino acidsintumescent flame retardantsfunctional coatingscottonOrganic chemistryQD241-441ENPolymers, Vol 13, Iss 3714, p 3714 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	linear polyamidoamines α-amino acids intumescent flame retardants functional coatings cotton Organic chemistry QD241-441
spellingShingle	linear polyamidoamines α-amino acids intumescent flame retardants functional coatings cotton Organic chemistry QD241-441 Alessandro Beduini Federico Carosio Paolo Ferruti Elisabetta Ranucci Jenny Alongi Polyamidoamines Derived from Natural α-Amino Acids as Effective Flame Retardants for Cotton
description	In this paper, bioinspired polyamidoamines (PAAs) were synthesized from <i>N,N</i>′-methylenebisacrylamide and nine natural α-amino acids: <i>L</i>-alanine, <i>L</i>-valine, <i>L</i>-leucine (M-LEU), <i>L</i>-histidine, <i>L</i>-serine, <i>L</i>-asparagine, <i>L</i>-glutamine (M-GLN), <i>L</i>-aspartic acid and <i>L</i>-glutamic acid (M-GLU) and their performance as flame retardants (FRs) for cotton were determined. The aim was to ascertain if the ability to protect cotton from fire by the process of intumescing, previously found for the glycine-derived M-GLY, was a general feature of α-amino acid-derived PAAs. None of the PAAs ignited by flame impingement, apart from M-LEU, which burned for a few seconds leaving 93% of residue. All of them formed carbon- and oxygen-rich, porous chars with a graphitic structure in the air at 350 °C, as revealed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. All samples were tested as FRs for cotton by horizontal flame spread tests. At a 5% add-on, M-GLU and M-GLN extinguished the flame. The same results were obtained with all the other PAAs at a 7% add-on. The α-amino acid residues influenced the FR performance. The most effective were those that, by heating, were most suitable for producing thermally stable cyclic aromatic structures. All PAA-treated cotton samples, even when burning, left significant residues, which, according to scanning electron microscopy analysis, maintained the original cotton texture.
format	article
author	Alessandro Beduini Federico Carosio Paolo Ferruti Elisabetta Ranucci Jenny Alongi
author_facet	Alessandro Beduini Federico Carosio Paolo Ferruti Elisabetta Ranucci Jenny Alongi
author_sort	Alessandro Beduini
title	Polyamidoamines Derived from Natural α-Amino Acids as Effective Flame Retardants for Cotton
title_short	Polyamidoamines Derived from Natural α-Amino Acids as Effective Flame Retardants for Cotton
title_full	Polyamidoamines Derived from Natural α-Amino Acids as Effective Flame Retardants for Cotton
title_fullStr	Polyamidoamines Derived from Natural α-Amino Acids as Effective Flame Retardants for Cotton
title_full_unstemmed	Polyamidoamines Derived from Natural α-Amino Acids as Effective Flame Retardants for Cotton
title_sort	polyamidoamines derived from natural α-amino acids as effective flame retardants for cotton
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/0476eae11c494f8499de1344d4519a02
work_keys_str_mv	AT alessandrobeduini polyamidoaminesderivedfromnaturalaaminoacidsaseffectiveflameretardantsforcotton AT federicocarosio polyamidoaminesderivedfromnaturalaaminoacidsaseffectiveflameretardantsforcotton AT paoloferruti polyamidoaminesderivedfromnaturalaaminoacidsaseffectiveflameretardantsforcotton AT elisabettaranucci polyamidoaminesderivedfromnaturalaaminoacidsaseffectiveflameretardantsforcotton AT jennyalongi polyamidoaminesderivedfromnaturalaaminoacidsaseffectiveflameretardantsforcotton
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Polyamidoamines Derived from Natural α-Amino Acids as Effective Flame Retardants for Cotton

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