Sequencing Batch Integrated Fixed-Film Activated Sludge Membrane Process for Treatment of Tapioca Processing Wastewater

Tapioca processing industries are very popular in the rural community to produce a variety of foods as the end products. Due to their small scales and scattered locations, they require robust modular systems to operate at low capacity with minimum supervision. This study explores the application of...

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Autores principales:	Nur Izzati Zainuddin, Muhammad Roil Bilad, Lisendra Marbelia, Wiratni Budhijanto, Nasrul Arahman, Afrilia Fahrina, Norazanita Shamsuddin, Zaki Ismail Zaki, Zeinhom M. El-Bahy, Asep Bayu Dani Nandiyanto, Poernomo Gunawan
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	tapioca processing wastewater gravity-driven membrane filtration integrated fixed-film activated sludge membrane filtration novel bioreactor Chemical technology TP1-1185 Chemical engineering TP155-156
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/04a419d481c2424fae23cb117e93a856
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:04a419d481c2424fae23cb117e93a8562021-11-25T18:19:59ZSequencing Batch Integrated Fixed-Film Activated Sludge Membrane Process for Treatment of Tapioca Processing Wastewater10.3390/membranes111108752077-0375https://doaj.org/article/04a419d481c2424fae23cb117e93a8562021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2077-0375/11/11/875https://doaj.org/toc/2077-0375Tapioca processing industries are very popular in the rural community to produce a variety of foods as the end products. Due to their small scales and scattered locations, they require robust modular systems to operate at low capacity with minimum supervision. This study explores the application of a novel sequencing batch-integrated fixed-film activated sludge membrane (SB-IFASM) process to treat tapioca processing wastewater for reuse purposes. The SB-IFASM employed a gravity-driven system and utilizes biofilm to enhance biodegradation without requiring membrane cleaning. The SB-IFASM utilizes the biofilm as a secondary biodegradation stage to enhance the permeate quality applicable for reuse. A lab-scale SB-IFASM was developed, preliminarily assessed, and used to treat synthetic tapioca processing industry wastewater. The results of short-term filtration tests showed the significant impact of hydrostatic pressure on membrane compaction and instant cake layer formation. Increasing the pressure from 2.2 to 10 kPa lowered the permeability of clean water and activated sludge from 720 to 425 and from 110 to 50 L/m<sup>2</sup>·h bar, respectively. The unsteady-state operation of the SB-IFASM showed the prominent role of the bio-cake in removing the organics reaching the permeate quality suitable for reuse. High COD removals of 63–98% demonstrated the prominence contribution of the biofilm in enhancing biological performance and ultimate COD removals of >93% make it very attractive for application in small-scale tapioca processing industries. However, the biological ecosystem was unstable, as shown by foaming that deteriorated permeability and was detrimental to the organic removal. Further developments are still required, particularly to address the biological stability and low permeability.Nur Izzati ZainuddinMuhammad Roil BiladLisendra MarbeliaWiratni BudhijantoNasrul ArahmanAfrilia FahrinaNorazanita ShamsuddinZaki Ismail ZakiZeinhom M. El-BahyAsep Bayu Dani NandiyantoPoernomo GunawanMDPI AGarticletapioca processing wastewatergravity-driven membrane filtrationintegrated fixed-film activated sludgemembrane filtrationnovel bioreactorChemical technologyTP1-1185Chemical engineeringTP155-156ENMembranes, Vol 11, Iss 875, p 875 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	tapioca processing wastewater gravity-driven membrane filtration integrated fixed-film activated sludge membrane filtration novel bioreactor Chemical technology TP1-1185 Chemical engineering TP155-156
spellingShingle	tapioca processing wastewater gravity-driven membrane filtration integrated fixed-film activated sludge membrane filtration novel bioreactor Chemical technology TP1-1185 Chemical engineering TP155-156 Nur Izzati Zainuddin Muhammad Roil Bilad Lisendra Marbelia Wiratni Budhijanto Nasrul Arahman Afrilia Fahrina Norazanita Shamsuddin Zaki Ismail Zaki Zeinhom M. El-Bahy Asep Bayu Dani Nandiyanto Poernomo Gunawan Sequencing Batch Integrated Fixed-Film Activated Sludge Membrane Process for Treatment of Tapioca Processing Wastewater
description	Tapioca processing industries are very popular in the rural community to produce a variety of foods as the end products. Due to their small scales and scattered locations, they require robust modular systems to operate at low capacity with minimum supervision. This study explores the application of a novel sequencing batch-integrated fixed-film activated sludge membrane (SB-IFASM) process to treat tapioca processing wastewater for reuse purposes. The SB-IFASM employed a gravity-driven system and utilizes biofilm to enhance biodegradation without requiring membrane cleaning. The SB-IFASM utilizes the biofilm as a secondary biodegradation stage to enhance the permeate quality applicable for reuse. A lab-scale SB-IFASM was developed, preliminarily assessed, and used to treat synthetic tapioca processing industry wastewater. The results of short-term filtration tests showed the significant impact of hydrostatic pressure on membrane compaction and instant cake layer formation. Increasing the pressure from 2.2 to 10 kPa lowered the permeability of clean water and activated sludge from 720 to 425 and from 110 to 50 L/m<sup>2</sup>·h bar, respectively. The unsteady-state operation of the SB-IFASM showed the prominent role of the bio-cake in removing the organics reaching the permeate quality suitable for reuse. High COD removals of 63–98% demonstrated the prominence contribution of the biofilm in enhancing biological performance and ultimate COD removals of >93% make it very attractive for application in small-scale tapioca processing industries. However, the biological ecosystem was unstable, as shown by foaming that deteriorated permeability and was detrimental to the organic removal. Further developments are still required, particularly to address the biological stability and low permeability.
format	article
author	Nur Izzati Zainuddin Muhammad Roil Bilad Lisendra Marbelia Wiratni Budhijanto Nasrul Arahman Afrilia Fahrina Norazanita Shamsuddin Zaki Ismail Zaki Zeinhom M. El-Bahy Asep Bayu Dani Nandiyanto Poernomo Gunawan
author_facet	Nur Izzati Zainuddin Muhammad Roil Bilad Lisendra Marbelia Wiratni Budhijanto Nasrul Arahman Afrilia Fahrina Norazanita Shamsuddin Zaki Ismail Zaki Zeinhom M. El-Bahy Asep Bayu Dani Nandiyanto Poernomo Gunawan
author_sort	Nur Izzati Zainuddin
title	Sequencing Batch Integrated Fixed-Film Activated Sludge Membrane Process for Treatment of Tapioca Processing Wastewater
title_short	Sequencing Batch Integrated Fixed-Film Activated Sludge Membrane Process for Treatment of Tapioca Processing Wastewater
title_full	Sequencing Batch Integrated Fixed-Film Activated Sludge Membrane Process for Treatment of Tapioca Processing Wastewater
title_fullStr	Sequencing Batch Integrated Fixed-Film Activated Sludge Membrane Process for Treatment of Tapioca Processing Wastewater
title_full_unstemmed	Sequencing Batch Integrated Fixed-Film Activated Sludge Membrane Process for Treatment of Tapioca Processing Wastewater
title_sort	sequencing batch integrated fixed-film activated sludge membrane process for treatment of tapioca processing wastewater
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/04a419d481c2424fae23cb117e93a856
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Sequencing Batch Integrated Fixed-Film Activated Sludge Membrane Process for Treatment of Tapioca Processing Wastewater

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