Household transmission of SARS-CoV-2: a prospective observational study in Bosnia and Herzegovina, August–December 2020

ABSTRACT: Background: The secondary attack rate (SAR) of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) was estimated, and the risk factors for infection among members of households with a coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) index case were identified to inform preventive measures. Me...

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Autores principales:	Sanjin Musa, Esther Kissling, Marta Valenciano, Faris Dizdar, Mia Blažević, Anes Jogunčić, Mirza Palo, Lore Merdrignac, Richard Pebody, Pernille Jorgensen
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Elsevier 2021
Materias:	Household transmission SARS-CoV-2 COVID-19 Bosnia and Herzegovina Infectious and parasitic diseases RC109-216
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/04bccd14cd89463a98cd02f447c1f2b5
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:04bccd14cd89463a98cd02f447c1f2b52021-11-30T04:14:25ZHousehold transmission of SARS-CoV-2: a prospective observational study in Bosnia and Herzegovina, August–December 20201201-971210.1016/j.ijid.2021.09.063https://doaj.org/article/04bccd14cd89463a98cd02f447c1f2b52021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttp://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1201971221007712https://doaj.org/toc/1201-9712ABSTRACT: Background: The secondary attack rate (SAR) of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) was estimated, and the risk factors for infection among members of households with a coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) index case were identified to inform preventive measures. Methods: Between 3 August and 19 December 2020, a household transmission study was implemented based on a standardized World Health Organization protocol. Laboratory-confirmed cases of SARS-CoV-2 infection were recruited through the federal COVID-19 database. Trained contact tracers interviewed index cases and household members to collect information on demographic, clinical and behavioural factors. Contacts were followed up for 28 days to identify secondary infections. SAR was estimated and odds ratios (OR) were calculated for risk factors for transmission. Results: In total, 383 households and 793 contacts were included in this study. The overall SAR was 17% [95% confidence interval (CI) 14–21]. Contacts had higher risk for infection if the primary case had both cough and runny nose (OR 4.31, 95% CI 1.60–11.63), if the contact was aged 18–49 years (OR 4.67, 95% CI 1.83–11.93), if the contact kissed the primary case (OR 3.16, 95% CI 1.19–8.43), or if the contact shared a meal with the primary case (OR 3.10, 95% CI 1.17–8.27). Conclusions: These results add to the global literature by providing evidence from a middle-income setting. Standard preventive measures in households with positive cases remain critical to reduce transmission.Sanjin MusaEsther KisslingMarta ValencianoFaris DizdarMia BlaževićAnes JogunčićMirza PaloLore MerdrignacRichard PebodyPernille JorgensenElsevierarticleHousehold transmissionSARS-CoV-2COVID-19Bosnia and HerzegovinaInfectious and parasitic diseasesRC109-216ENInternational Journal of Infectious Diseases, Vol 112, Iss , Pp 352-361 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Household transmission SARS-CoV-2 COVID-19 Bosnia and Herzegovina Infectious and parasitic diseases RC109-216
spellingShingle	Household transmission SARS-CoV-2 COVID-19 Bosnia and Herzegovina Infectious and parasitic diseases RC109-216 Sanjin Musa Esther Kissling Marta Valenciano Faris Dizdar Mia Blažević Anes Jogunčić Mirza Palo Lore Merdrignac Richard Pebody Pernille Jorgensen Household transmission of SARS-CoV-2: a prospective observational study in Bosnia and Herzegovina, August–December 2020
description	ABSTRACT: Background: The secondary attack rate (SAR) of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) was estimated, and the risk factors for infection among members of households with a coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) index case were identified to inform preventive measures. Methods: Between 3 August and 19 December 2020, a household transmission study was implemented based on a standardized World Health Organization protocol. Laboratory-confirmed cases of SARS-CoV-2 infection were recruited through the federal COVID-19 database. Trained contact tracers interviewed index cases and household members to collect information on demographic, clinical and behavioural factors. Contacts were followed up for 28 days to identify secondary infections. SAR was estimated and odds ratios (OR) were calculated for risk factors for transmission. Results: In total, 383 households and 793 contacts were included in this study. The overall SAR was 17% [95% confidence interval (CI) 14–21]. Contacts had higher risk for infection if the primary case had both cough and runny nose (OR 4.31, 95% CI 1.60–11.63), if the contact was aged 18–49 years (OR 4.67, 95% CI 1.83–11.93), if the contact kissed the primary case (OR 3.16, 95% CI 1.19–8.43), or if the contact shared a meal with the primary case (OR 3.10, 95% CI 1.17–8.27). Conclusions: These results add to the global literature by providing evidence from a middle-income setting. Standard preventive measures in households with positive cases remain critical to reduce transmission.
format	article
author	Sanjin Musa Esther Kissling Marta Valenciano Faris Dizdar Mia Blažević Anes Jogunčić Mirza Palo Lore Merdrignac Richard Pebody Pernille Jorgensen
author_facet	Sanjin Musa Esther Kissling Marta Valenciano Faris Dizdar Mia Blažević Anes Jogunčić Mirza Palo Lore Merdrignac Richard Pebody Pernille Jorgensen
author_sort	Sanjin Musa
title	Household transmission of SARS-CoV-2: a prospective observational study in Bosnia and Herzegovina, August–December 2020
title_short	Household transmission of SARS-CoV-2: a prospective observational study in Bosnia and Herzegovina, August–December 2020
title_full	Household transmission of SARS-CoV-2: a prospective observational study in Bosnia and Herzegovina, August–December 2020
title_fullStr	Household transmission of SARS-CoV-2: a prospective observational study in Bosnia and Herzegovina, August–December 2020
title_full_unstemmed	Household transmission of SARS-CoV-2: a prospective observational study in Bosnia and Herzegovina, August–December 2020
title_sort	household transmission of sars-cov-2: a prospective observational study in bosnia and herzegovina, august–december 2020
publisher	Elsevier
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/04bccd14cd89463a98cd02f447c1f2b5
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Household transmission of SARS-CoV-2: a prospective observational study in Bosnia and Herzegovina, August–December 2020

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