The necessity to choose causes the effects of reward on saccade preparation

Abstract When humans have to choose between different options, they can maximize their payoff by choosing the option that yields the highest reward. Information about reward is not only used to optimize decisions but also for movement preparation to minimize reaction times to rewarded targets. Here,...

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Autores principales:	Christian Wolf, Anna Heuer, Anna Schubö, Alexander C. Schütz
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2017
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/04e4ee866208446795e4e4c84627c053
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:04e4ee866208446795e4e4c84627c0532021-12-02T15:06:15ZThe necessity to choose causes the effects of reward on saccade preparation10.1038/s41598-017-17164-w2045-2322https://doaj.org/article/04e4ee866208446795e4e4c84627c0532017-12-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-17164-whttps://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract When humans have to choose between different options, they can maximize their payoff by choosing the option that yields the highest reward. Information about reward is not only used to optimize decisions but also for movement preparation to minimize reaction times to rewarded targets. Here, we show that this is especially true in contexts in which participants additionally have to choose between different options. We probed eye movement preparation by measuring saccade latencies to differently rewarded single targets (single-trial) appearing left or right from fixation. In choice-trials, both targets were displayed and participants were free to decide for one target to receive the corresponding reward. In blocks without choice-trials, single-trial latencies were not or only weakly affected by reward. With choice-trials present, the influence of reward increased with the proportion and difficulty of choices and decreased when a cue indicated that no choice will be necessary. Choices caused a delay in subsequent single-trial responses to the non-chosen option. Taken together, our results suggest that reward affects saccade preparation mainly when the outcome is uncertain and depends on the participants’ behavior, for instance when they have to choose between targets differing in reward.Christian WolfAnna HeuerAnna SchuböAlexander C. SchützNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 7, Iss 1, Pp 1-10 (2017)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Christian Wolf Anna Heuer Anna Schubö Alexander C. Schütz The necessity to choose causes the effects of reward on saccade preparation
description	Abstract When humans have to choose between different options, they can maximize their payoff by choosing the option that yields the highest reward. Information about reward is not only used to optimize decisions but also for movement preparation to minimize reaction times to rewarded targets. Here, we show that this is especially true in contexts in which participants additionally have to choose between different options. We probed eye movement preparation by measuring saccade latencies to differently rewarded single targets (single-trial) appearing left or right from fixation. In choice-trials, both targets were displayed and participants were free to decide for one target to receive the corresponding reward. In blocks without choice-trials, single-trial latencies were not or only weakly affected by reward. With choice-trials present, the influence of reward increased with the proportion and difficulty of choices and decreased when a cue indicated that no choice will be necessary. Choices caused a delay in subsequent single-trial responses to the non-chosen option. Taken together, our results suggest that reward affects saccade preparation mainly when the outcome is uncertain and depends on the participants’ behavior, for instance when they have to choose between targets differing in reward.
format	article
author	Christian Wolf Anna Heuer Anna Schubö Alexander C. Schütz
author_facet	Christian Wolf Anna Heuer Anna Schubö Alexander C. Schütz
author_sort	Christian Wolf
title	The necessity to choose causes the effects of reward on saccade preparation
title_short	The necessity to choose causes the effects of reward on saccade preparation
title_full	The necessity to choose causes the effects of reward on saccade preparation
title_fullStr	The necessity to choose causes the effects of reward on saccade preparation
title_full_unstemmed	The necessity to choose causes the effects of reward on saccade preparation
title_sort	necessity to choose causes the effects of reward on saccade preparation
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2017
url	https://doaj.org/article/04e4ee866208446795e4e4c84627c053
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The necessity to choose causes the effects of reward on saccade preparation

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