Vertically integrated diffractive gratings on photonic crystal surface emitting lasers

Vertically integrated diffractive gratings on photonic crystal surface emitting lasers

Abstract We designed and fabricated a photonic crystal surface emitting laser (PCSEL) with vertically integrated diffractive optical elements on their top to study the mechanism of static beam steering on a single chip. The deflected output beam by the self-formed periodic ITO cladding layer of the...

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Autores principales: Lih-Ren Chen, Kuo-Bin Hong, Hsiu-Ling Chen, Kuan-Chih Huang, Tien-Chang Lu
Formato: article
Lenguaje:EN
Publicado: Nature Portfolio 2021
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Medicine
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Science
Q
Acceso en línea:https://doaj.org/article/04e972133e5e4c5b97fd90dcc2bb2d17
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spelling oai:doaj.org-article:04e972133e5e4c5b97fd90dcc2bb2d172021-12-02T13:23:58ZVertically integrated diffractive gratings on photonic crystal surface emitting lasers10.1038/s41598-021-82194-42045-2322https://doaj.org/article/04e972133e5e4c5b97fd90dcc2bb2d172021-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-82194-4https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract We designed and fabricated a photonic crystal surface emitting laser (PCSEL) with vertically integrated diffractive optical elements on their top to study the mechanism of static beam steering on a single chip. The deflected output beam by the self-formed periodic ITO cladding layer of the PCSEL can be further steered by changing the grating period and azimuthal angle of the diffractive gratings relative to the photonic crystal. Through the analysis of photonic band structure and lasing characteristics, the periodic ITO structure is coupled to the photonic crystal band, whereas the integrated grating serves the diffractive function only. The findings pave the way for the design of PCSELs enabling single or multiple output beam with varying direction capability. This type of laser is regarded as an ideal light source for various applications, such as light detection and ranging and three-dimensional sensing systems.Lih-Ren ChenKuo-Bin HongHsiu-Ling ChenKuan-Chih HuangTien-Chang LuNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-7 (2021)
institution DOAJ
collection DOAJ
language EN
topic Medicine
R
Science
Q
spellingShingle Medicine
R
Science
Q
Lih-Ren Chen
Kuo-Bin Hong
Hsiu-Ling Chen
Kuan-Chih Huang
Tien-Chang Lu
Vertically integrated diffractive gratings on photonic crystal surface emitting lasers
description Abstract We designed and fabricated a photonic crystal surface emitting laser (PCSEL) with vertically integrated diffractive optical elements on their top to study the mechanism of static beam steering on a single chip. The deflected output beam by the self-formed periodic ITO cladding layer of the PCSEL can be further steered by changing the grating period and azimuthal angle of the diffractive gratings relative to the photonic crystal. Through the analysis of photonic band structure and lasing characteristics, the periodic ITO structure is coupled to the photonic crystal band, whereas the integrated grating serves the diffractive function only. The findings pave the way for the design of PCSELs enabling single or multiple output beam with varying direction capability. This type of laser is regarded as an ideal light source for various applications, such as light detection and ranging and three-dimensional sensing systems.
format article
author Lih-Ren Chen
Kuo-Bin Hong
Hsiu-Ling Chen
Kuan-Chih Huang
Tien-Chang Lu
author_facet Lih-Ren Chen
Kuo-Bin Hong
Hsiu-Ling Chen
Kuan-Chih Huang
Tien-Chang Lu
author_sort Lih-Ren Chen
title Vertically integrated diffractive gratings on photonic crystal surface emitting lasers
title_short Vertically integrated diffractive gratings on photonic crystal surface emitting lasers
title_full Vertically integrated diffractive gratings on photonic crystal surface emitting lasers
title_fullStr Vertically integrated diffractive gratings on photonic crystal surface emitting lasers
title_full_unstemmed Vertically integrated diffractive gratings on photonic crystal surface emitting lasers
title_sort vertically integrated diffractive gratings on photonic crystal surface emitting lasers
publisher Nature Portfolio
publishDate 2021
url https://doaj.org/article/04e972133e5e4c5b97fd90dcc2bb2d17
work_keys_str_mv AT lihrenchen verticallyintegrateddiffractivegratingsonphotoniccrystalsurfaceemittinglasers
AT kuobinhong verticallyintegrateddiffractivegratingsonphotoniccrystalsurfaceemittinglasers
AT hsiulingchen verticallyintegrateddiffractivegratingsonphotoniccrystalsurfaceemittinglasers
AT kuanchihhuang verticallyintegrateddiffractivegratingsonphotoniccrystalsurfaceemittinglasers
AT tienchanglu verticallyintegrateddiffractivegratingsonphotoniccrystalsurfaceemittinglasers
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