What Would Become of Nuclear Risk if Governments Changed Their Regulations to Recognize the Evidence of Radiation’s Beneficial Health Effects for Exposures That Are Below the Thresholds for Detrimental Effects?

The 1953 Atoms for Peace Speech to the United Nations proposed applying nuclear energy to essential needs, including abundant electrical energy. The widespread fear of ionizing radiation from nuclear facilities and medical procedures began after the United States National Academy of Sciences perform...

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Autores principales:	Jerry M. Cuttler, Edward J. Calabrese
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	SAGE Publishing 2021
Materias:	Therapeutics. Pharmacology RM1-950
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/052dc7e2f2e14059a9c17ba5e17f90a7
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:052dc7e2f2e14059a9c17ba5e17f90a72021-12-01T23:35:52ZWhat Would Become of Nuclear Risk if Governments Changed Their Regulations to Recognize the Evidence of Radiation’s Beneficial Health Effects for Exposures That Are Below the Thresholds for Detrimental Effects?1559-325810.1177/15593258211059317https://doaj.org/article/052dc7e2f2e14059a9c17ba5e17f90a72021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1177/15593258211059317https://doaj.org/toc/1559-3258The 1953 Atoms for Peace Speech to the United Nations proposed applying nuclear energy to essential needs, including abundant electrical energy. The widespread fear of ionizing radiation from nuclear facilities and medical procedures began after the United States National Academy of Sciences performed a study of radiation dangers to the human genome. This study, initiated and managed by an oil industry benefactor, recommended in 1956 that the risk of radiation-induced mutations be assessed using the linear no-threshold dose-response model instead of the threshold model. It was followed by a study that wrongly linked low radiation to cancer among the atomic bomb survivors. The ensuing controversy resulted in a compromise. The National Committee on Radiation Protection adopted the precautionary principle policy in 1959, justified by fear of cancer and lack of knowledge. The United States and all other countries followed this recommendation, which remains unchanged 62 years later. Its impact on nuclear energy and medicine has been profound. Many costly regulations have been enacted to prevent very unlikely human or equipment failures—failures that would lead to radiation exposures that are below the dose thresholds for lasting harmful effects. Potential low-dose radiation therapies, against inflammation, cancer, autoimmune, and neurodegenerative diseases, are shunned.Jerry M. CuttlerEdward J. CalabreseSAGE PublishingarticleTherapeutics. PharmacologyRM1-950ENDose-Response, Vol 19 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Therapeutics. Pharmacology RM1-950
spellingShingle	Therapeutics. Pharmacology RM1-950 Jerry M. Cuttler Edward J. Calabrese What Would Become of Nuclear Risk if Governments Changed Their Regulations to Recognize the Evidence of Radiation’s Beneficial Health Effects for Exposures That Are Below the Thresholds for Detrimental Effects?
description	The 1953 Atoms for Peace Speech to the United Nations proposed applying nuclear energy to essential needs, including abundant electrical energy. The widespread fear of ionizing radiation from nuclear facilities and medical procedures began after the United States National Academy of Sciences performed a study of radiation dangers to the human genome. This study, initiated and managed by an oil industry benefactor, recommended in 1956 that the risk of radiation-induced mutations be assessed using the linear no-threshold dose-response model instead of the threshold model. It was followed by a study that wrongly linked low radiation to cancer among the atomic bomb survivors. The ensuing controversy resulted in a compromise. The National Committee on Radiation Protection adopted the precautionary principle policy in 1959, justified by fear of cancer and lack of knowledge. The United States and all other countries followed this recommendation, which remains unchanged 62 years later. Its impact on nuclear energy and medicine has been profound. Many costly regulations have been enacted to prevent very unlikely human or equipment failures—failures that would lead to radiation exposures that are below the dose thresholds for lasting harmful effects. Potential low-dose radiation therapies, against inflammation, cancer, autoimmune, and neurodegenerative diseases, are shunned.
format	article
author	Jerry M. Cuttler Edward J. Calabrese
author_facet	Jerry M. Cuttler Edward J. Calabrese
author_sort	Jerry M. Cuttler
title	What Would Become of Nuclear Risk if Governments Changed Their Regulations to Recognize the Evidence of Radiation’s Beneficial Health Effects for Exposures That Are Below the Thresholds for Detrimental Effects?
title_short	What Would Become of Nuclear Risk if Governments Changed Their Regulations to Recognize the Evidence of Radiation’s Beneficial Health Effects for Exposures That Are Below the Thresholds for Detrimental Effects?
title_full	What Would Become of Nuclear Risk if Governments Changed Their Regulations to Recognize the Evidence of Radiation’s Beneficial Health Effects for Exposures That Are Below the Thresholds for Detrimental Effects?
title_fullStr	What Would Become of Nuclear Risk if Governments Changed Their Regulations to Recognize the Evidence of Radiation’s Beneficial Health Effects for Exposures That Are Below the Thresholds for Detrimental Effects?
title_full_unstemmed	What Would Become of Nuclear Risk if Governments Changed Their Regulations to Recognize the Evidence of Radiation’s Beneficial Health Effects for Exposures That Are Below the Thresholds for Detrimental Effects?
title_sort	what would become of nuclear risk if governments changed their regulations to recognize the evidence of radiation’s beneficial health effects for exposures that are below the thresholds for detrimental effects?
publisher	SAGE Publishing
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/052dc7e2f2e14059a9c17ba5e17f90a7
work_keys_str_mv	AT jerrymcuttler whatwouldbecomeofnuclearriskifgovernmentschangedtheirregulationstorecognizetheevidenceofradiationsbeneficialhealtheffectsforexposuresthatarebelowthethresholdsfordetrimentaleffects AT edwardjcalabrese whatwouldbecomeofnuclearriskifgovernmentschangedtheirregulationstorecognizetheevidenceofradiationsbeneficialhealtheffectsforexposuresthatarebelowthethresholdsfordetrimentaleffects
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What Would Become of Nuclear Risk if Governments Changed Their Regulations to Recognize the Evidence of Radiation’s Beneficial Health Effects for Exposures That Are Below the Thresholds for Detrimental Effects?

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