High functional diversity in Mycobacterium tuberculosis driven by genetic drift and human demography.

Mycobacterium tuberculosis infects one third of the human world population and kills someone every 15 seconds. For more than a century, scientists and clinicians have been distinguishing between the human- and animal-adapted members of the M. tuberculosis complex (MTBC). However, all human-adapted s...

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Autores principales:	Ruth Hershberg, Mikhail Lipatov, Peter M Small, Hadar Sheffer, Stefan Niemann, Susanne Homolka, Jared C Roach, Kristin Kremer, Dmitri A Petrov, Marcus W Feldman, Sebastien Gagneux
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2008
Materias:	Biology (General) QH301-705.5
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/0540b865fd40421e8f083cafb8510ca8
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:0540b865fd40421e8f083cafb8510ca82021-12-02T19:54:29ZHigh functional diversity in Mycobacterium tuberculosis driven by genetic drift and human demography.1544-91731545-788510.1371/journal.pbio.0060311https://doaj.org/article/0540b865fd40421e8f083cafb8510ca82008-12-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/19090620/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1544-9173https://doaj.org/toc/1545-7885Mycobacterium tuberculosis infects one third of the human world population and kills someone every 15 seconds. For more than a century, scientists and clinicians have been distinguishing between the human- and animal-adapted members of the M. tuberculosis complex (MTBC). However, all human-adapted strains of MTBC have traditionally been considered to be essentially identical. We surveyed sequence diversity within a global collection of strains belonging to MTBC using seven megabase pairs of DNA sequence data. We show that the members of MTBC affecting humans are more genetically diverse than generally assumed, and that this diversity can be linked to human demographic and migratory events. We further demonstrate that these organisms are under extremely reduced purifying selection and that, as a result of increased genetic drift, much of this genetic diversity is likely to have functional consequences. Our findings suggest that the current increases in human population, urbanization, and global travel, combined with the population genetic characteristics of M. tuberculosis described here, could contribute to the emergence and spread of drug-resistant tuberculosis.Ruth HershbergMikhail LipatovPeter M SmallHadar ShefferStefan NiemannSusanne HomolkaJared C RoachKristin KremerDmitri A PetrovMarcus W FeldmanSebastien GagneuxPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleBiology (General)QH301-705.5ENPLoS Biology, Vol 6, Iss 12, p e311 (2008)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Biology (General) QH301-705.5
spellingShingle	Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Ruth Hershberg Mikhail Lipatov Peter M Small Hadar Sheffer Stefan Niemann Susanne Homolka Jared C Roach Kristin Kremer Dmitri A Petrov Marcus W Feldman Sebastien Gagneux High functional diversity in Mycobacterium tuberculosis driven by genetic drift and human demography.
description	Mycobacterium tuberculosis infects one third of the human world population and kills someone every 15 seconds. For more than a century, scientists and clinicians have been distinguishing between the human- and animal-adapted members of the M. tuberculosis complex (MTBC). However, all human-adapted strains of MTBC have traditionally been considered to be essentially identical. We surveyed sequence diversity within a global collection of strains belonging to MTBC using seven megabase pairs of DNA sequence data. We show that the members of MTBC affecting humans are more genetically diverse than generally assumed, and that this diversity can be linked to human demographic and migratory events. We further demonstrate that these organisms are under extremely reduced purifying selection and that, as a result of increased genetic drift, much of this genetic diversity is likely to have functional consequences. Our findings suggest that the current increases in human population, urbanization, and global travel, combined with the population genetic characteristics of M. tuberculosis described here, could contribute to the emergence and spread of drug-resistant tuberculosis.
format	article
author	Ruth Hershberg Mikhail Lipatov Peter M Small Hadar Sheffer Stefan Niemann Susanne Homolka Jared C Roach Kristin Kremer Dmitri A Petrov Marcus W Feldman Sebastien Gagneux
author_facet	Ruth Hershberg Mikhail Lipatov Peter M Small Hadar Sheffer Stefan Niemann Susanne Homolka Jared C Roach Kristin Kremer Dmitri A Petrov Marcus W Feldman Sebastien Gagneux
author_sort	Ruth Hershberg
title	High functional diversity in Mycobacterium tuberculosis driven by genetic drift and human demography.
title_short	High functional diversity in Mycobacterium tuberculosis driven by genetic drift and human demography.
title_full	High functional diversity in Mycobacterium tuberculosis driven by genetic drift and human demography.
title_fullStr	High functional diversity in Mycobacterium tuberculosis driven by genetic drift and human demography.
title_full_unstemmed	High functional diversity in Mycobacterium tuberculosis driven by genetic drift and human demography.
title_sort	high functional diversity in mycobacterium tuberculosis driven by genetic drift and human demography.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2008
url	https://doaj.org/article/0540b865fd40421e8f083cafb8510ca8
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High functional diversity in Mycobacterium tuberculosis driven by genetic drift and human demography.

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