In Vitro Genotoxicity Assessment from the <i>Glycyrrhiza</i> New Variety Extract
The various species that comprise the genus <i>Glycyrrhiza</i> (Licorice) have long been used as oriental herbal medicines in Asian countries. Wongam (WG), which is a new variety of <i>Glycyrrhiza</i>, was developed in Korea to overcome the limitations of low productivity, en...
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oai:doaj.org-article:057f9d0920d04e4d9059816d1e32cd772021-11-11T15:17:42ZIn Vitro Genotoxicity Assessment from the <i>Glycyrrhiza</i> New Variety Extract10.3390/app1121102572076-3417https://doaj.org/article/057f9d0920d04e4d9059816d1e32cd772021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/11/21/10257https://doaj.org/toc/2076-3417The various species that comprise the genus <i>Glycyrrhiza</i> (Licorice) have long been used as oriental herbal medicines in Asian countries. Wongam (WG), which is a new variety of <i>Glycyrrhiza</i>, was developed in Korea to overcome the limitations of low productivity, environmental restrictions, and an insufficient presence of glycyrrhizic acid and liquiritigenin. In this study, we evaluated WG extract’s genotoxicity through an in vitro bacterial reverse mutation (AMES) test, an in vitro chromosome aberration test, and an in vivo mouse bone marrow micronucleus test. In the AMES test, WG extract at concentrations of up to 5000 µg/plate showed no genotoxicity regardless of S9 mix. No chromosome aberrations appeared after 6 h in 1400 µg/mL WG extract regardless of S9 mix or in 1100 µg/mL WG extract after 24 h without S9 mix. Nor was there a significant increase in the number of micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes to total erythrocytes up to 5000 mg/kg/day for 2 days detected in the micronucleus test. These results confirm that WG extract is safe for use as an herbal medicine, as it precipitates no detectable genotoxic effects.Young-Jae SongDong-Gu KimJeonghoon LeeWonnam KimHyo-Jin AnJong-Hyun LeeYong-Deok JeonJaeki ChangSa-Haeng KangJu-Ryoun SohJong-Sik JinMDPI AGarticle<i>Glycyrrhiza</i>wongamgenotoxicitybacterial reverse mutation testchromosome aberration testmicronucleus testTechnologyTEngineering (General). Civil engineering (General)TA1-2040Biology (General)QH301-705.5PhysicsQC1-999ChemistryQD1-999ENApplied Sciences, Vol 11, Iss 10257, p 10257 (2021) |
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<i>Glycyrrhiza</i> wongam genotoxicity bacterial reverse mutation test chromosome aberration test micronucleus test Technology T Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) TA1-2040 Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Physics QC1-999 Chemistry QD1-999 |
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<i>Glycyrrhiza</i> wongam genotoxicity bacterial reverse mutation test chromosome aberration test micronucleus test Technology T Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) TA1-2040 Biology (General) QH301-705.5 Physics QC1-999 Chemistry QD1-999 Young-Jae Song Dong-Gu Kim Jeonghoon Lee Wonnam Kim Hyo-Jin An Jong-Hyun Lee Yong-Deok Jeon Jaeki Chang Sa-Haeng Kang Ju-Ryoun Soh Jong-Sik Jin In Vitro Genotoxicity Assessment from the <i>Glycyrrhiza</i> New Variety Extract |
description |
The various species that comprise the genus <i>Glycyrrhiza</i> (Licorice) have long been used as oriental herbal medicines in Asian countries. Wongam (WG), which is a new variety of <i>Glycyrrhiza</i>, was developed in Korea to overcome the limitations of low productivity, environmental restrictions, and an insufficient presence of glycyrrhizic acid and liquiritigenin. In this study, we evaluated WG extract’s genotoxicity through an in vitro bacterial reverse mutation (AMES) test, an in vitro chromosome aberration test, and an in vivo mouse bone marrow micronucleus test. In the AMES test, WG extract at concentrations of up to 5000 µg/plate showed no genotoxicity regardless of S9 mix. No chromosome aberrations appeared after 6 h in 1400 µg/mL WG extract regardless of S9 mix or in 1100 µg/mL WG extract after 24 h without S9 mix. Nor was there a significant increase in the number of micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes to total erythrocytes up to 5000 mg/kg/day for 2 days detected in the micronucleus test. These results confirm that WG extract is safe for use as an herbal medicine, as it precipitates no detectable genotoxic effects. |
format |
article |
author |
Young-Jae Song Dong-Gu Kim Jeonghoon Lee Wonnam Kim Hyo-Jin An Jong-Hyun Lee Yong-Deok Jeon Jaeki Chang Sa-Haeng Kang Ju-Ryoun Soh Jong-Sik Jin |
author_facet |
Young-Jae Song Dong-Gu Kim Jeonghoon Lee Wonnam Kim Hyo-Jin An Jong-Hyun Lee Yong-Deok Jeon Jaeki Chang Sa-Haeng Kang Ju-Ryoun Soh Jong-Sik Jin |
author_sort |
Young-Jae Song |
title |
In Vitro Genotoxicity Assessment from the <i>Glycyrrhiza</i> New Variety Extract |
title_short |
In Vitro Genotoxicity Assessment from the <i>Glycyrrhiza</i> New Variety Extract |
title_full |
In Vitro Genotoxicity Assessment from the <i>Glycyrrhiza</i> New Variety Extract |
title_fullStr |
In Vitro Genotoxicity Assessment from the <i>Glycyrrhiza</i> New Variety Extract |
title_full_unstemmed |
In Vitro Genotoxicity Assessment from the <i>Glycyrrhiza</i> New Variety Extract |
title_sort |
in vitro genotoxicity assessment from the <i>glycyrrhiza</i> new variety extract |
publisher |
MDPI AG |
publishDate |
2021 |
url |
https://doaj.org/article/057f9d0920d04e4d9059816d1e32cd77 |
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