The seroprevalence of pandemic influenza H1N1 (2009) virus in China.
<h4>Background</h4>Mainland China experienced pandemic influenza H1N1 (2009) virus (pH1N1) with peak activity during November-December 2009. To understand the geographic extent, risk factors, and attack rate of pH1N1 infection in China we conducted a nationwide serological survey to dete...
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Public Library of Science (PLoS)
2011
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oai:doaj.org-article:05961509da3047148d8eec98f8389c4c2021-11-18T06:55:24ZThe seroprevalence of pandemic influenza H1N1 (2009) virus in China.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0017919https://doaj.org/article/05961509da3047148d8eec98f8389c4c2011-04-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/21533034/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203<h4>Background</h4>Mainland China experienced pandemic influenza H1N1 (2009) virus (pH1N1) with peak activity during November-December 2009. To understand the geographic extent, risk factors, and attack rate of pH1N1 infection in China we conducted a nationwide serological survey to determine the prevalence of antibodies to pH1N1.<h4>Methodology/principal findings</h4>Stored serum samples (n = 2,379) collected during 2006-2008 were used to estimate baseline serum reactogenicity to pH1N1. In January 2010, we used a multistage-stratified random sampling method to select 50,111 subjects who met eligibility criteria and collected serum samples and administered a standardized questionnaire. Antibody response to pH1N1 was measured using haemagglutination inhibition (HI) assay and the weighted seroprevalence was calculated using the Taylor series linearization method. Multivariable logistic regression analyses were used to examine risk factors for pH1N1 seropositivity. Baseline seroprevalence of pH1N1 antibody (HI titer ≥40) was 1.2%. The weighted seroprevalence of pH1N1 among the Chinese population was 21.5%(vaccinated: 62.0%; unvaccinated: 17.1%). Among unvaccinated participants, those aged 6-15 years (32.9%) and 16-24 years (30.3%) had higher seroprevalence compared with participants aged 25-59 years (10.7%) and ≥60 years (9.9%, P<0.0001). Children in kindergarten and students had higher odds of seropositivity than children in family care (OR: 1.36 and 2.05, respectively). We estimated that 207.7 million individuals (15.9%) experienced pH1N1 infection in China.<h4>Conclusions/significance</h4>The Chinese population had low pre-existing immunity to pH1N1 and experienced a relatively high attack rate in 2009 of this virus. We recommend routine control measures such as vaccination to reduce transmission and spread of seasonal and pandemic influenza viruses.Cuiling XuTian BaiA Danielle IulianoMin WangLei YangLeying WenYuhong ZengXiaodan LiTao ChenWei WangYing HuLimei YangZi LiShumei ZouDexin LiShiwen WangZijian FengYanping ZhangHongjie YuWeizhong YangYu WangMarc-Alain WiddowsonYuelong ShuPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 6, Iss 4, p e17919 (2011) |
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Medicine R Science Q Cuiling Xu Tian Bai A Danielle Iuliano Min Wang Lei Yang Leying Wen Yuhong Zeng Xiaodan Li Tao Chen Wei Wang Ying Hu Limei Yang Zi Li Shumei Zou Dexin Li Shiwen Wang Zijian Feng Yanping Zhang Hongjie Yu Weizhong Yang Yu Wang Marc-Alain Widdowson Yuelong Shu The seroprevalence of pandemic influenza H1N1 (2009) virus in China. |
| description |
<h4>Background</h4>Mainland China experienced pandemic influenza H1N1 (2009) virus (pH1N1) with peak activity during November-December 2009. To understand the geographic extent, risk factors, and attack rate of pH1N1 infection in China we conducted a nationwide serological survey to determine the prevalence of antibodies to pH1N1.<h4>Methodology/principal findings</h4>Stored serum samples (n = 2,379) collected during 2006-2008 were used to estimate baseline serum reactogenicity to pH1N1. In January 2010, we used a multistage-stratified random sampling method to select 50,111 subjects who met eligibility criteria and collected serum samples and administered a standardized questionnaire. Antibody response to pH1N1 was measured using haemagglutination inhibition (HI) assay and the weighted seroprevalence was calculated using the Taylor series linearization method. Multivariable logistic regression analyses were used to examine risk factors for pH1N1 seropositivity. Baseline seroprevalence of pH1N1 antibody (HI titer ≥40) was 1.2%. The weighted seroprevalence of pH1N1 among the Chinese population was 21.5%(vaccinated: 62.0%; unvaccinated: 17.1%). Among unvaccinated participants, those aged 6-15 years (32.9%) and 16-24 years (30.3%) had higher seroprevalence compared with participants aged 25-59 years (10.7%) and ≥60 years (9.9%, P<0.0001). Children in kindergarten and students had higher odds of seropositivity than children in family care (OR: 1.36 and 2.05, respectively). We estimated that 207.7 million individuals (15.9%) experienced pH1N1 infection in China.<h4>Conclusions/significance</h4>The Chinese population had low pre-existing immunity to pH1N1 and experienced a relatively high attack rate in 2009 of this virus. We recommend routine control measures such as vaccination to reduce transmission and spread of seasonal and pandemic influenza viruses. |
| format |
article |
| author |
Cuiling Xu Tian Bai A Danielle Iuliano Min Wang Lei Yang Leying Wen Yuhong Zeng Xiaodan Li Tao Chen Wei Wang Ying Hu Limei Yang Zi Li Shumei Zou Dexin Li Shiwen Wang Zijian Feng Yanping Zhang Hongjie Yu Weizhong Yang Yu Wang Marc-Alain Widdowson Yuelong Shu |
| author_facet |
Cuiling Xu Tian Bai A Danielle Iuliano Min Wang Lei Yang Leying Wen Yuhong Zeng Xiaodan Li Tao Chen Wei Wang Ying Hu Limei Yang Zi Li Shumei Zou Dexin Li Shiwen Wang Zijian Feng Yanping Zhang Hongjie Yu Weizhong Yang Yu Wang Marc-Alain Widdowson Yuelong Shu |
| author_sort |
Cuiling Xu |
| title |
The seroprevalence of pandemic influenza H1N1 (2009) virus in China. |
| title_short |
The seroprevalence of pandemic influenza H1N1 (2009) virus in China. |
| title_full |
The seroprevalence of pandemic influenza H1N1 (2009) virus in China. |
| title_fullStr |
The seroprevalence of pandemic influenza H1N1 (2009) virus in China. |
| title_full_unstemmed |
The seroprevalence of pandemic influenza H1N1 (2009) virus in China. |
| title_sort |
seroprevalence of pandemic influenza h1n1 (2009) virus in china. |
| publisher |
Public Library of Science (PLoS) |
| publishDate |
2011 |
| url |
https://doaj.org/article/05961509da3047148d8eec98f8389c4c |
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