Phosphorous and Silica Recovery from Rice Husk Poultry Litter Ash: A Sustainability Analysis Using a Zero-Waste Approach
Phosphate rocks are a critical resource for the European Union, and alternative sources to assure the future production of a new generation of fertilizers are to be assessed. In this study, a statistical approach, combined with a sustainability evaluation for the recovery of materials from waste con...
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2021
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oai:doaj.org-article:059ffd16dd164399944c4ee09a017efa2021-11-11T17:52:22ZPhosphorous and Silica Recovery from Rice Husk Poultry Litter Ash: A Sustainability Analysis Using a Zero-Waste Approach10.3390/ma142162971996-1944https://doaj.org/article/059ffd16dd164399944c4ee09a017efa2021-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/14/21/6297https://doaj.org/toc/1996-1944Phosphate rocks are a critical resource for the European Union, and alternative sources to assure the future production of a new generation of fertilizers are to be assessed. In this study, a statistical approach, combined with a sustainability evaluation for the recovery of materials from waste containing phosphorus (P), is presented. This work proposes a strategy to recover P and silica (SiO<sub>2</sub>) from rice husk poultry litter ash (RHPLA). The design of experiment (DoE) method was applied to maximize the P extraction using hydrochloric acid (HCl), with the aim to minimize the contamination that can occur by leachable heavy metals present in RHPLA, such as zinc (Zn). Two independent variables, the molar concentration of the acid, and the liquid-to-solid ratio (L/S) between the acid and RHPLA, were used in the experimental design to optimize the operating parameters. The statistical analysis showed that a HCl concentration of 0.34 mol/L and an L/S ratio of 50 are the best conditions to recover P with low Zn contamination. Concerning the SiO<sub>2</sub>, its content in RHPLA is too low to consider the proposed recovery process as advantageous. However, based on our analysis, this process should be sustainable to recover SiO<sub>2</sub> when its content in the starting materials is more than 80%.Laura FiameniArio FahimiClaudio MarchesiGiampiero Pasquale SorrentinoAlessandra ZanolettiKaren MoreiraBruno ValentimGeorgeta PredeanuLaura Eleonora DeperoElza BontempiMDPI AGarticlesustainability analysiszero waste generationresource recoverycircular economypoultry litter ashphosphorousTechnologyTElectrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineeringTK1-9971Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General)TA1-2040MicroscopyQH201-278.5Descriptive and experimental mechanicsQC120-168.85ENMaterials, Vol 14, Iss 6297, p 6297 (2021) |
| institution |
DOAJ |
| collection |
DOAJ |
| language |
EN |
| topic |
sustainability analysis zero waste generation resource recovery circular economy poultry litter ash phosphorous Technology T Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering TK1-9971 Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) TA1-2040 Microscopy QH201-278.5 Descriptive and experimental mechanics QC120-168.85 |
| spellingShingle |
sustainability analysis zero waste generation resource recovery circular economy poultry litter ash phosphorous Technology T Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering TK1-9971 Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) TA1-2040 Microscopy QH201-278.5 Descriptive and experimental mechanics QC120-168.85 Laura Fiameni Ario Fahimi Claudio Marchesi Giampiero Pasquale Sorrentino Alessandra Zanoletti Karen Moreira Bruno Valentim Georgeta Predeanu Laura Eleonora Depero Elza Bontempi Phosphorous and Silica Recovery from Rice Husk Poultry Litter Ash: A Sustainability Analysis Using a Zero-Waste Approach |
| description |
Phosphate rocks are a critical resource for the European Union, and alternative sources to assure the future production of a new generation of fertilizers are to be assessed. In this study, a statistical approach, combined with a sustainability evaluation for the recovery of materials from waste containing phosphorus (P), is presented. This work proposes a strategy to recover P and silica (SiO<sub>2</sub>) from rice husk poultry litter ash (RHPLA). The design of experiment (DoE) method was applied to maximize the P extraction using hydrochloric acid (HCl), with the aim to minimize the contamination that can occur by leachable heavy metals present in RHPLA, such as zinc (Zn). Two independent variables, the molar concentration of the acid, and the liquid-to-solid ratio (L/S) between the acid and RHPLA, were used in the experimental design to optimize the operating parameters. The statistical analysis showed that a HCl concentration of 0.34 mol/L and an L/S ratio of 50 are the best conditions to recover P with low Zn contamination. Concerning the SiO<sub>2</sub>, its content in RHPLA is too low to consider the proposed recovery process as advantageous. However, based on our analysis, this process should be sustainable to recover SiO<sub>2</sub> when its content in the starting materials is more than 80%. |
| format |
article |
| author |
Laura Fiameni Ario Fahimi Claudio Marchesi Giampiero Pasquale Sorrentino Alessandra Zanoletti Karen Moreira Bruno Valentim Georgeta Predeanu Laura Eleonora Depero Elza Bontempi |
| author_facet |
Laura Fiameni Ario Fahimi Claudio Marchesi Giampiero Pasquale Sorrentino Alessandra Zanoletti Karen Moreira Bruno Valentim Georgeta Predeanu Laura Eleonora Depero Elza Bontempi |
| author_sort |
Laura Fiameni |
| title |
Phosphorous and Silica Recovery from Rice Husk Poultry Litter Ash: A Sustainability Analysis Using a Zero-Waste Approach |
| title_short |
Phosphorous and Silica Recovery from Rice Husk Poultry Litter Ash: A Sustainability Analysis Using a Zero-Waste Approach |
| title_full |
Phosphorous and Silica Recovery from Rice Husk Poultry Litter Ash: A Sustainability Analysis Using a Zero-Waste Approach |
| title_fullStr |
Phosphorous and Silica Recovery from Rice Husk Poultry Litter Ash: A Sustainability Analysis Using a Zero-Waste Approach |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Phosphorous and Silica Recovery from Rice Husk Poultry Litter Ash: A Sustainability Analysis Using a Zero-Waste Approach |
| title_sort |
phosphorous and silica recovery from rice husk poultry litter ash: a sustainability analysis using a zero-waste approach |
| publisher |
MDPI AG |
| publishDate |
2021 |
| url |
https://doaj.org/article/059ffd16dd164399944c4ee09a017efa |
| work_keys_str_mv |
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