Photoperiodic regulation of dopamine signaling regulates seasonal changes in retinal photosensitivity in mice

Abstract At high latitudes, approximately 10% of people suffer from depression during the winter season, a phenomenon known as seasonal affective disorder (SAD). Shortened photoperiod and/or light intensity during winter season are risk factors for SAD, and bright light therapy is an effective treat...

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Autores principales:	Kousuke Okimura, Yusuke Nakane, Taeko Nishiwaki-Ohkawa, Takashi Yoshimura
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/05af824a25604e9e87ef75d939434cdb
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:05af824a25604e9e87ef75d939434cdb2021-12-02T14:07:48ZPhotoperiodic regulation of dopamine signaling regulates seasonal changes in retinal photosensitivity in mice10.1038/s41598-021-81540-w2045-2322https://doaj.org/article/05af824a25604e9e87ef75d939434cdb2021-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-81540-whttps://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract At high latitudes, approximately 10% of people suffer from depression during the winter season, a phenomenon known as seasonal affective disorder (SAD). Shortened photoperiod and/or light intensity during winter season are risk factors for SAD, and bright light therapy is an effective treatment. Interestingly, reduced retinal photosensitivity along with the mood is observed in SAD patients in winter. However, the molecular basis underlying seasonal changes in retinal photosensitivity remains unclear, and pharmacological intervention is required. Here we show photoperiodic regulation of dopamine signaling and improvement of short day–attenuated photosensitivity by its pharmacological intervention in mice. Electroretinograms revealed dynamic seasonal changes in retinal photosensitivity. Transcriptome analysis identified short day-mediated suppression of the Th gene, which encodes tyrosine hydroxylase, a rate-limiting enzyme for dopamine biosynthesis. Furthermore, pharmacological intervention in dopamine signaling through activation of the cAMP signaling pathway rescued short day–attenuated photosensitivity, whereas dopamine receptor antagonists decreased photosensitivity under long-day conditions. Our results reveal molecular basis of seasonal changes in retinal photosensitivity in mammals. In addition, our findings provide important insights into the pathogenesis of SAD and offer potential therapeutic interventions.Kousuke OkimuraYusuke NakaneTaeko Nishiwaki-OhkawaTakashi YoshimuraNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-10 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Kousuke Okimura Yusuke Nakane Taeko Nishiwaki-Ohkawa Takashi Yoshimura Photoperiodic regulation of dopamine signaling regulates seasonal changes in retinal photosensitivity in mice
description	Abstract At high latitudes, approximately 10% of people suffer from depression during the winter season, a phenomenon known as seasonal affective disorder (SAD). Shortened photoperiod and/or light intensity during winter season are risk factors for SAD, and bright light therapy is an effective treatment. Interestingly, reduced retinal photosensitivity along with the mood is observed in SAD patients in winter. However, the molecular basis underlying seasonal changes in retinal photosensitivity remains unclear, and pharmacological intervention is required. Here we show photoperiodic regulation of dopamine signaling and improvement of short day–attenuated photosensitivity by its pharmacological intervention in mice. Electroretinograms revealed dynamic seasonal changes in retinal photosensitivity. Transcriptome analysis identified short day-mediated suppression of the Th gene, which encodes tyrosine hydroxylase, a rate-limiting enzyme for dopamine biosynthesis. Furthermore, pharmacological intervention in dopamine signaling through activation of the cAMP signaling pathway rescued short day–attenuated photosensitivity, whereas dopamine receptor antagonists decreased photosensitivity under long-day conditions. Our results reveal molecular basis of seasonal changes in retinal photosensitivity in mammals. In addition, our findings provide important insights into the pathogenesis of SAD and offer potential therapeutic interventions.
format	article
author	Kousuke Okimura Yusuke Nakane Taeko Nishiwaki-Ohkawa Takashi Yoshimura
author_facet	Kousuke Okimura Yusuke Nakane Taeko Nishiwaki-Ohkawa Takashi Yoshimura
author_sort	Kousuke Okimura
title	Photoperiodic regulation of dopamine signaling regulates seasonal changes in retinal photosensitivity in mice
title_short	Photoperiodic regulation of dopamine signaling regulates seasonal changes in retinal photosensitivity in mice
title_full	Photoperiodic regulation of dopamine signaling regulates seasonal changes in retinal photosensitivity in mice
title_fullStr	Photoperiodic regulation of dopamine signaling regulates seasonal changes in retinal photosensitivity in mice
title_full_unstemmed	Photoperiodic regulation of dopamine signaling regulates seasonal changes in retinal photosensitivity in mice
title_sort	photoperiodic regulation of dopamine signaling regulates seasonal changes in retinal photosensitivity in mice
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/05af824a25604e9e87ef75d939434cdb
work_keys_str_mv	AT kousukeokimura photoperiodicregulationofdopaminesignalingregulatesseasonalchangesinretinalphotosensitivityinmice AT yusukenakane photoperiodicregulationofdopaminesignalingregulatesseasonalchangesinretinalphotosensitivityinmice AT taekonishiwakiohkawa photoperiodicregulationofdopaminesignalingregulatesseasonalchangesinretinalphotosensitivityinmice AT takashiyoshimura photoperiodicregulationofdopaminesignalingregulatesseasonalchangesinretinalphotosensitivityinmice
_version_	1718391884511969280

Photoperiodic regulation of dopamine signaling regulates seasonal changes in retinal photosensitivity in mice

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