Characteristics of Carbapenem-Resistant Gram-Negative Bacilli in Patients with Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia
Carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative bacilli (CR-GNB) has become a global threat. In hospital settings, the association of CR-GNB with ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) is a critical public health concern owing to their high resistance rate to most antibiotics. The present study aims to identify t...
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| Autores principales: | , , , , |
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| Formato: | article |
| Lenguaje: | EN |
| Publicado: |
MDPI AG
2021
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| Materias: | |
| Acceso en línea: | https://doaj.org/article/05c0c0e52c4c4dd3b65512a22acfca13 |
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| Sumario: | Carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative bacilli (CR-GNB) has become a global threat. In hospital settings, the association of CR-GNB with ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) is a critical public health concern owing to their high resistance rate to most antibiotics. The present study aims to identify the frequency of carbapenem-resistance and to determine the rate of multidrug resistance (MDR), extensive drug resistance (XDR) and pan-drug resistance (PDR) among CR-GNB infections in VAP. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was carried out using the disk diffusion method and the detection of carbapenemases was screened using the imipenem-E test and the modified carbapenem-inactivation method (mCIM). The isolates were verified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for the presence of <i>bla</i><sub>NDM</sub>, <i>bla</i><sub>SPM</sub>, <i>bla</i><sub>VIM</sub>, <i>bla</i><sub>IMP</sub> and <i>bla</i><sub>GIM</sub> genes. 89.5%, 14%, 17.5%, 10.5%, 3.5% of isolates exhibited the presence of <i>bla</i><sub>NDM</sub>, <i>bla</i><sub>VIM</sub>, <i>bla</i><sub>SPM</sub>, <i>bla</i><sub>IMP</sub> and <i>bla</i><sub>GIM</sub>, respectively. 76%, 17% and 7% of isolates were PDR, XDR, and MDR, respectively. Carbapenem-resistance genes were identified in a significant percentage and <i>bla</i><sub>NDM</sub> was the most predominant gene. All isolates were highly resistant to most antibiotics. This health concern has proven to be a big challenge in developing countries such as Egypt, as it is associated with high morbidity, high mortality, and raised healthcare costs. |
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