The dear enemy effect drives conspecific aggressiveness in an Azteca-Cecropia system

Abstract Territoriality is costly, and the accurate identification of intruders and the decision to perform aggressive responses are key behavioral traits in social animals. We studied aggression among individuals belonging to close and distant nests of the plant-ant Azteca muelleri, which lives in...

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Autores principales:	Gabriela Zorzal, Flávio Camarota, Marcondes Dias, Diogo M. Vidal, Eraldo Lima, Aline Fregonezi, Ricardo I. Campos
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/06165732850249f787ef32a7f7d95568
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:06165732850249f787ef32a7f7d955682021-12-02T16:31:03ZThe dear enemy effect drives conspecific aggressiveness in an Azteca-Cecropia system10.1038/s41598-021-85070-32045-2322https://doaj.org/article/06165732850249f787ef32a7f7d955682021-03-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-85070-3https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract Territoriality is costly, and the accurate identification of intruders and the decision to perform aggressive responses are key behavioral traits in social animals. We studied aggression among individuals belonging to close and distant nests of the plant-ant Azteca muelleri, which lives in stems of the pioneer tree Cecropia glaziovii. More specifically, we aim to investigate if the DE (dear-enemy effect—less aggression towards neighbors than strangers) or NN (nasty-neighbor effect—less aggression to strangers than neighbors) effects or even none of them apply for this iconic Azteca-Cecropia system. We further checked if ant aggression towards conspecifics is related to cuticular hydrocarbon profiles (CHCs), which provide chemical cues for nestmate recognition. Therefore, we sampled 46 nests of A. muelleri in three Brazilian Atlantic forest fragments and performed behavioral trials within and between sites. Consistently with the DE effect, we found higher aggression levels in ‘between sites’ versus ‘within sites’ treatments as well as a positive effect of spatial distance on ant aggressiveness. We found no effect of the overall dissimilarities on CHC blend on ant aggressiveness, but of one CHC class, the methylated alkanes. Overall, we provide key insights on nest-mate recognition in obligatory ant-plant mutualisms.Gabriela ZorzalFlávio CamarotaMarcondes DiasDiogo M. VidalEraldo LimaAline FregoneziRicardo I. CamposNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-10 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Gabriela Zorzal Flávio Camarota Marcondes Dias Diogo M. Vidal Eraldo Lima Aline Fregonezi Ricardo I. Campos The dear enemy effect drives conspecific aggressiveness in an Azteca-Cecropia system
description	Abstract Territoriality is costly, and the accurate identification of intruders and the decision to perform aggressive responses are key behavioral traits in social animals. We studied aggression among individuals belonging to close and distant nests of the plant-ant Azteca muelleri, which lives in stems of the pioneer tree Cecropia glaziovii. More specifically, we aim to investigate if the DE (dear-enemy effect—less aggression towards neighbors than strangers) or NN (nasty-neighbor effect—less aggression to strangers than neighbors) effects or even none of them apply for this iconic Azteca-Cecropia system. We further checked if ant aggression towards conspecifics is related to cuticular hydrocarbon profiles (CHCs), which provide chemical cues for nestmate recognition. Therefore, we sampled 46 nests of A. muelleri in three Brazilian Atlantic forest fragments and performed behavioral trials within and between sites. Consistently with the DE effect, we found higher aggression levels in ‘between sites’ versus ‘within sites’ treatments as well as a positive effect of spatial distance on ant aggressiveness. We found no effect of the overall dissimilarities on CHC blend on ant aggressiveness, but of one CHC class, the methylated alkanes. Overall, we provide key insights on nest-mate recognition in obligatory ant-plant mutualisms.
format	article
author	Gabriela Zorzal Flávio Camarota Marcondes Dias Diogo M. Vidal Eraldo Lima Aline Fregonezi Ricardo I. Campos
author_facet	Gabriela Zorzal Flávio Camarota Marcondes Dias Diogo M. Vidal Eraldo Lima Aline Fregonezi Ricardo I. Campos
author_sort	Gabriela Zorzal
title	The dear enemy effect drives conspecific aggressiveness in an Azteca-Cecropia system
title_short	The dear enemy effect drives conspecific aggressiveness in an Azteca-Cecropia system
title_full	The dear enemy effect drives conspecific aggressiveness in an Azteca-Cecropia system
title_fullStr	The dear enemy effect drives conspecific aggressiveness in an Azteca-Cecropia system
title_full_unstemmed	The dear enemy effect drives conspecific aggressiveness in an Azteca-Cecropia system
title_sort	dear enemy effect drives conspecific aggressiveness in an azteca-cecropia system
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/06165732850249f787ef32a7f7d95568
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The dear enemy effect drives conspecific aggressiveness in an Azteca-Cecropia system

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