Evolutionary history of the vertebrate Piwi gene family

PIWIs are regulatory proteins that belong to the Argonaute family. Piwis are primarily expressed in gonads and protect the germline against the mobilization and propagation of transposable elements (TEs) through transcriptional gene silencing. Vertebrate genomes encode up to four Piwi genes: Piwil1,...

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Autores principales:	Javier Gutierrez, Roy Platt, Juan C. Opazo, David A. Ray, Federico Hoffmann, Michael Vandewege
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	PeerJ Inc. 2021
Materias:	RNAi Gene duplication Argonaute gene family Selection Transcriptomics Phylogenetics Medicine R
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/0640f4ae23d04533a3292fd0625d20cf
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:0640f4ae23d04533a3292fd0625d20cf2021-11-07T15:05:24ZEvolutionary history of the vertebrate Piwi gene family10.7717/peerj.124512167-8359https://doaj.org/article/0640f4ae23d04533a3292fd0625d20cf2021-11-01T00:00:00Zhttps://peerj.com/articles/12451.pdfhttps://peerj.com/articles/12451/https://doaj.org/toc/2167-8359PIWIs are regulatory proteins that belong to the Argonaute family. Piwis are primarily expressed in gonads and protect the germline against the mobilization and propagation of transposable elements (TEs) through transcriptional gene silencing. Vertebrate genomes encode up to four Piwi genes: Piwil1, Piwil2, Piwil3 and Piwil4, but their duplication history is unresolved. We leveraged phylogenetics, synteny and expression analyses to address this void. Our phylogenetic analysis suggests Piwil1 and Piwil2 were retained in all vertebrate members. Piwil4 was the result of Piwil1 duplication in the ancestor of gnathostomes, but was independently lost in ray-finned fishes and birds. Further, Piwil3 was derived from a tandem Piwil1 duplication in the common ancestor of marsupial and placental mammals, but was secondarily lost in Atlantogenata (Xenarthra and Afrotheria) and some rodents. The evolutionary rate of Piwil3 is considerably faster than any Piwi among all lineages, but an explanation is lacking. Our expression analyses suggest Piwi expression has mostly been constrained to gonads throughout vertebrate evolution. Vertebrate evolution is marked by two early rounds of whole genome duplication and many multigene families are linked to these events. However, our analyses suggest Piwi expansion was independent of whole genome duplications.Javier GutierrezRoy PlattJuan C. OpazoDavid A. RayFederico HoffmannMichael VandewegePeerJ Inc.articleRNAiGene duplicationArgonaute gene familySelectionTranscriptomicsPhylogeneticsMedicineRENPeerJ, Vol 9, p e12451 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	RNAi Gene duplication Argonaute gene family Selection Transcriptomics Phylogenetics Medicine R
spellingShingle	RNAi Gene duplication Argonaute gene family Selection Transcriptomics Phylogenetics Medicine R Javier Gutierrez Roy Platt Juan C. Opazo David A. Ray Federico Hoffmann Michael Vandewege Evolutionary history of the vertebrate Piwi gene family
description	PIWIs are regulatory proteins that belong to the Argonaute family. Piwis are primarily expressed in gonads and protect the germline against the mobilization and propagation of transposable elements (TEs) through transcriptional gene silencing. Vertebrate genomes encode up to four Piwi genes: Piwil1, Piwil2, Piwil3 and Piwil4, but their duplication history is unresolved. We leveraged phylogenetics, synteny and expression analyses to address this void. Our phylogenetic analysis suggests Piwil1 and Piwil2 were retained in all vertebrate members. Piwil4 was the result of Piwil1 duplication in the ancestor of gnathostomes, but was independently lost in ray-finned fishes and birds. Further, Piwil3 was derived from a tandem Piwil1 duplication in the common ancestor of marsupial and placental mammals, but was secondarily lost in Atlantogenata (Xenarthra and Afrotheria) and some rodents. The evolutionary rate of Piwil3 is considerably faster than any Piwi among all lineages, but an explanation is lacking. Our expression analyses suggest Piwi expression has mostly been constrained to gonads throughout vertebrate evolution. Vertebrate evolution is marked by two early rounds of whole genome duplication and many multigene families are linked to these events. However, our analyses suggest Piwi expansion was independent of whole genome duplications.
format	article
author	Javier Gutierrez Roy Platt Juan C. Opazo David A. Ray Federico Hoffmann Michael Vandewege
author_facet	Javier Gutierrez Roy Platt Juan C. Opazo David A. Ray Federico Hoffmann Michael Vandewege
author_sort	Javier Gutierrez
title	Evolutionary history of the vertebrate Piwi gene family
title_short	Evolutionary history of the vertebrate Piwi gene family
title_full	Evolutionary history of the vertebrate Piwi gene family
title_fullStr	Evolutionary history of the vertebrate Piwi gene family
title_full_unstemmed	Evolutionary history of the vertebrate Piwi gene family
title_sort	evolutionary history of the vertebrate piwi gene family
publisher	PeerJ Inc.
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/0640f4ae23d04533a3292fd0625d20cf
work_keys_str_mv	AT javiergutierrez evolutionaryhistoryofthevertebratepiwigenefamily AT royplatt evolutionaryhistoryofthevertebratepiwigenefamily AT juancopazo evolutionaryhistoryofthevertebratepiwigenefamily AT davidaray evolutionaryhistoryofthevertebratepiwigenefamily AT federicohoffmann evolutionaryhistoryofthevertebratepiwigenefamily AT michaelvandewege evolutionaryhistoryofthevertebratepiwigenefamily
_version_	1718443252466581504

Evolutionary history of the vertebrate Piwi gene family

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