Struggles and strategies in anaerobic and aerobic cycling tests: A mixed-method approach with a focus on tailored self-regulation strategies

Endurance sports pose a plethora of mental demands that exercisers have to deal with. Unfortunately, investigations of exercise-specific demands and strategies to deal with them are insufficiently researched, leading to a gap in knowledge about athletic requirements and strategies used to deal with...

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Autores principales:	Anna Hirsch, Maik Bieleke, Raphael Bertschinger, Julia Schüler, Wanja Wolff
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2021
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/0682458b2b0d42a8bb62bf6f1af69de5
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:0682458b2b0d42a8bb62bf6f1af69de52021-11-04T06:49:46ZStruggles and strategies in anaerobic and aerobic cycling tests: A mixed-method approach with a focus on tailored self-regulation strategies1932-6203https://doaj.org/article/0682458b2b0d42a8bb62bf6f1af69de52021-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8550367/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203Endurance sports pose a plethora of mental demands that exercisers have to deal with. Unfortunately, investigations of exercise-specific demands and strategies to deal with them are insufficiently researched, leading to a gap in knowledge about athletic requirements and strategies used to deal with them. Here, we investigated which obstacles exercisers experience during an anaerobic (Wingate test) and an aerobic cycling test (incremental exercise test), as well as the strategies they considered helpful for dealing with these obstacles (qualitative analysis). In addition, we examined whether thinking of these obstacles and strategies in terms of if-then plans (or implementation intentions; i.e., “If I encounter obstacle O, then I will apply strategy S!”) improves performance over merely setting performance goals (i.e., goal intentions; quantitative analysis). N = 59 participants (age: M = 23.9 ± 6.5 years) performed both tests twice in a 2-within (Experimental session: 1 vs. 2) × 2-between (Condition: goal vs. implementation intention) design. Exercisers’ obstacles and strategies were assessed using structured interviews in Session 1 and subjected to thematic analysis. In both tests, feelings of exertion were the most frequently stated obstacle. Motivation to do well, self-encouragement, and focus on the body and on cycling were frequently stated strategies in both tests. There were also test-specific obstacles, such as boredom reported in the aerobic test. For session 2, the obstacles and strategies elicited in Session 1 were used to specify if-then plans. Bayesian mixed-factor ANOVA suggests, however, that if-then plans did not help exercisers to improve their performance. These findings shed novel light into the mental processes accompanying endurance exercise and the limits they pose on performance.Anna HirschMaik BielekeRaphael BertschingerJulia SchülerWanja WolffPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 16, Iss 10 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Anna Hirsch Maik Bieleke Raphael Bertschinger Julia Schüler Wanja Wolff Struggles and strategies in anaerobic and aerobic cycling tests: A mixed-method approach with a focus on tailored self-regulation strategies
description	Endurance sports pose a plethora of mental demands that exercisers have to deal with. Unfortunately, investigations of exercise-specific demands and strategies to deal with them are insufficiently researched, leading to a gap in knowledge about athletic requirements and strategies used to deal with them. Here, we investigated which obstacles exercisers experience during an anaerobic (Wingate test) and an aerobic cycling test (incremental exercise test), as well as the strategies they considered helpful for dealing with these obstacles (qualitative analysis). In addition, we examined whether thinking of these obstacles and strategies in terms of if-then plans (or implementation intentions; i.e., “If I encounter obstacle O, then I will apply strategy S!”) improves performance over merely setting performance goals (i.e., goal intentions; quantitative analysis). N = 59 participants (age: M = 23.9 ± 6.5 years) performed both tests twice in a 2-within (Experimental session: 1 vs. 2) × 2-between (Condition: goal vs. implementation intention) design. Exercisers’ obstacles and strategies were assessed using structured interviews in Session 1 and subjected to thematic analysis. In both tests, feelings of exertion were the most frequently stated obstacle. Motivation to do well, self-encouragement, and focus on the body and on cycling were frequently stated strategies in both tests. There were also test-specific obstacles, such as boredom reported in the aerobic test. For session 2, the obstacles and strategies elicited in Session 1 were used to specify if-then plans. Bayesian mixed-factor ANOVA suggests, however, that if-then plans did not help exercisers to improve their performance. These findings shed novel light into the mental processes accompanying endurance exercise and the limits they pose on performance.
format	article
author	Anna Hirsch Maik Bieleke Raphael Bertschinger Julia Schüler Wanja Wolff
author_facet	Anna Hirsch Maik Bieleke Raphael Bertschinger Julia Schüler Wanja Wolff
author_sort	Anna Hirsch
title	Struggles and strategies in anaerobic and aerobic cycling tests: A mixed-method approach with a focus on tailored self-regulation strategies
title_short	Struggles and strategies in anaerobic and aerobic cycling tests: A mixed-method approach with a focus on tailored self-regulation strategies
title_full	Struggles and strategies in anaerobic and aerobic cycling tests: A mixed-method approach with a focus on tailored self-regulation strategies
title_fullStr	Struggles and strategies in anaerobic and aerobic cycling tests: A mixed-method approach with a focus on tailored self-regulation strategies
title_full_unstemmed	Struggles and strategies in anaerobic and aerobic cycling tests: A mixed-method approach with a focus on tailored self-regulation strategies
title_sort	struggles and strategies in anaerobic and aerobic cycling tests: a mixed-method approach with a focus on tailored self-regulation strategies
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/0682458b2b0d42a8bb62bf6f1af69de5
work_keys_str_mv	AT annahirsch strugglesandstrategiesinanaerobicandaerobiccyclingtestsamixedmethodapproachwithafocusontailoredselfregulationstrategies AT maikbieleke strugglesandstrategiesinanaerobicandaerobiccyclingtestsamixedmethodapproachwithafocusontailoredselfregulationstrategies AT raphaelbertschinger strugglesandstrategiesinanaerobicandaerobiccyclingtestsamixedmethodapproachwithafocusontailoredselfregulationstrategies AT juliaschuler strugglesandstrategiesinanaerobicandaerobiccyclingtestsamixedmethodapproachwithafocusontailoredselfregulationstrategies AT wanjawolff strugglesandstrategiesinanaerobicandaerobiccyclingtestsamixedmethodapproachwithafocusontailoredselfregulationstrategies
_version_	1718445002083794944

Struggles and strategies in anaerobic and aerobic cycling tests: A mixed-method approach with a focus on tailored self-regulation strategies

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