Pharmacodynamic Studies of Fluorescent Diamond Carriers of Doxorubicin in Liver Cancer Cells and Colorectal Cancer Organoids

Ron Firestein,1,2,* Cezary Marcinkiewicz,3,4,* Linyan Nie,5 Hui Kheng Chua,1,2 Ines Velazquez Quesada,4 Marco Torelli,6 Mark Sternberg,3 Bojana Gligorijevic,4 Olga Shenderova,6 Romana Schirhagl,5 Giora Z Feuerstein3 1Centre for Cancer Research, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, C...

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Autores principales: Firestein R, Marcinkiewicz C, Nie L, Chua HK, Velazquez Quesada I, Torelli M, Sternberg M, Gligorijevic B, Shenderova O, Schirhagl R, Feuerstein GZ
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Publicado: Dove Medical Press 2021
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spelling oai:doaj.org-article:069617cff4c94f28a26f7db7ba2c1c872021-12-02T19:11:38ZPharmacodynamic Studies of Fluorescent Diamond Carriers of Doxorubicin in Liver Cancer Cells and Colorectal Cancer Organoids1177-8903https://doaj.org/article/069617cff4c94f28a26f7db7ba2c1c872021-09-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.dovepress.com/pharmacodynamic-studies-of-fluorescent-diamond-carriers-of-doxorubicin-peer-reviewed-fulltext-article-NSAhttps://doaj.org/toc/1177-8903Ron Firestein,1,2,* Cezary Marcinkiewicz,3,4,* Linyan Nie,5 Hui Kheng Chua,1,2 Ines Velazquez Quesada,4 Marco Torelli,6 Mark Sternberg,3 Bojana Gligorijevic,4 Olga Shenderova,6 Romana Schirhagl,5 Giora Z Feuerstein3 1Centre for Cancer Research, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, Victoria, 3168, Australia; 2Department of Molecular and Translational Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, 3800, Australia; 3Debina Diagnostics Inc., Newtown Square, PA, USA; 4College of Engineering, Department of Bioengineering, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA; 5Groningen University, Groningen, 9727, the Netherlands; 6Adámas Nanotechnologies, Inc., Raleigh, NC, 27617, USA*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Giora Z FeuersteinDebina Diagnostics Inc., 33 Bishop Hollow Road, Newtown Square, PA, 19073, USATel +4842221575Email giorafeuerstein@gmail.comBackground: We recently reported on preferential deposition of bare fluorescent diamond particles FDP-NV-700/800nm (FDP-NV) in the liver following intravenous administration to rats. The pharmacokinetics of FDP-NV in that species indicated short residency in the circulation by rapid clearance by the liver. Retention of FDP-NV in the liver was not associated with any pathology. These observations suggested that cancer therapeutics, such as doxorubicin, linked to FDP-NV, could potentially serve for anti-cancer treatment while sparing toxicities of peripheral organs.Purpose: To generate proof-of-concept (POC) and detail mechanisms of action of doxorubicin-coated FDP-NV-700/800nm (FDP-DOX) as a prospective chemotherapeutic for metastatic liver cancer.Methods: FDP-DOX was generated by adsorption chemistry. Experimental design included concentration and time-dependent efficacy studies as compared with naïve (baren) FDP-NV in in vitro liver cancer cells models. Uptake of FDP-NV and FDP-DOX by HepG-2, Hep-3B and hCRC organoids were demonstrated by flow-cytometry and fluorescent microscopy. FDP-DOX pharmacodynamic effects included metabolic as well as cell death biomarkers Annexin V, TUNEL and LDH leakage. DOX desorpted from FDP-DOX was assessed by confocal microscopy and chemical assay of cells fractions.Results: FDP-DOX efficacy was dose- and time-dependent and manifested in both liver cancer cell lines and human CRC organoids. FDP-DOX was rapidly internalized into cancer cells/organoids leading to cancer growth inhibition and apoptosis. FDP-DOX disrupted cell membrane integrity as evident by LDH release and suppressing mitochondrial metabolic pathways (AlamarBlue assay). Access of free DOX to the nuclei was confirmed by direct UV-Visible fluorescent assay and confocal microscopy of DOX fluorescence.Conclusion: The rapid uptake and profound cancer inhibition observed using FDP-DOX in clinically relevant cancer models, highlight FDP-DOX promise for cancer chemotherapeutics. We also conclude that the in vitro data justify further investment in in vivo POC studies.Keywords: liver cancer cell-lines, human colorectal cancer organoids, fluorescent diamond particles-NV-700/800nm, doxorubicin, apoptosisFirestein RMarcinkiewicz CNie LChua HKVelazquez Quesada ITorelli MSternberg MGligorijevic BShenderova OSchirhagl RFeuerstein GZDove Medical Pressarticleliver cancer cell-lineshuman colorectal cancer organoidsfluorescent diamond particles-nv-700/800nmdoxorubicinapoptosisMedical technologyR855-855.5Chemical technologyTP1-1185ENNanotechnology, Science and Applications, Vol Volume 14, Pp 139-159 (2021)
institution DOAJ
collection DOAJ
language EN
topic liver cancer cell-lines
human colorectal cancer organoids
fluorescent diamond particles-nv-700/800nm
doxorubicin
apoptosis
Medical technology
R855-855.5
Chemical technology
TP1-1185
spellingShingle liver cancer cell-lines
human colorectal cancer organoids
fluorescent diamond particles-nv-700/800nm
doxorubicin
apoptosis
Medical technology
R855-855.5
Chemical technology
TP1-1185
Firestein R
Marcinkiewicz C
Nie L
Chua HK
Velazquez Quesada I
Torelli M
Sternberg M
Gligorijevic B
Shenderova O
Schirhagl R
Feuerstein GZ
Pharmacodynamic Studies of Fluorescent Diamond Carriers of Doxorubicin in Liver Cancer Cells and Colorectal Cancer Organoids
description Ron Firestein,1,2,* Cezary Marcinkiewicz,3,4,* Linyan Nie,5 Hui Kheng Chua,1,2 Ines Velazquez Quesada,4 Marco Torelli,6 Mark Sternberg,3 Bojana Gligorijevic,4 Olga Shenderova,6 Romana Schirhagl,5 Giora Z Feuerstein3 1Centre for Cancer Research, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, Victoria, 3168, Australia; 2Department of Molecular and Translational Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, 3800, Australia; 3Debina Diagnostics Inc., Newtown Square, PA, USA; 4College of Engineering, Department of Bioengineering, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA; 5Groningen University, Groningen, 9727, the Netherlands; 6Adámas Nanotechnologies, Inc., Raleigh, NC, 27617, USA*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Giora Z FeuersteinDebina Diagnostics Inc., 33 Bishop Hollow Road, Newtown Square, PA, 19073, USATel +4842221575Email giorafeuerstein@gmail.comBackground: We recently reported on preferential deposition of bare fluorescent diamond particles FDP-NV-700/800nm (FDP-NV) in the liver following intravenous administration to rats. The pharmacokinetics of FDP-NV in that species indicated short residency in the circulation by rapid clearance by the liver. Retention of FDP-NV in the liver was not associated with any pathology. These observations suggested that cancer therapeutics, such as doxorubicin, linked to FDP-NV, could potentially serve for anti-cancer treatment while sparing toxicities of peripheral organs.Purpose: To generate proof-of-concept (POC) and detail mechanisms of action of doxorubicin-coated FDP-NV-700/800nm (FDP-DOX) as a prospective chemotherapeutic for metastatic liver cancer.Methods: FDP-DOX was generated by adsorption chemistry. Experimental design included concentration and time-dependent efficacy studies as compared with naïve (baren) FDP-NV in in vitro liver cancer cells models. Uptake of FDP-NV and FDP-DOX by HepG-2, Hep-3B and hCRC organoids were demonstrated by flow-cytometry and fluorescent microscopy. FDP-DOX pharmacodynamic effects included metabolic as well as cell death biomarkers Annexin V, TUNEL and LDH leakage. DOX desorpted from FDP-DOX was assessed by confocal microscopy and chemical assay of cells fractions.Results: FDP-DOX efficacy was dose- and time-dependent and manifested in both liver cancer cell lines and human CRC organoids. FDP-DOX was rapidly internalized into cancer cells/organoids leading to cancer growth inhibition and apoptosis. FDP-DOX disrupted cell membrane integrity as evident by LDH release and suppressing mitochondrial metabolic pathways (AlamarBlue assay). Access of free DOX to the nuclei was confirmed by direct UV-Visible fluorescent assay and confocal microscopy of DOX fluorescence.Conclusion: The rapid uptake and profound cancer inhibition observed using FDP-DOX in clinically relevant cancer models, highlight FDP-DOX promise for cancer chemotherapeutics. We also conclude that the in vitro data justify further investment in in vivo POC studies.Keywords: liver cancer cell-lines, human colorectal cancer organoids, fluorescent diamond particles-NV-700/800nm, doxorubicin, apoptosis
format article
author Firestein R
Marcinkiewicz C
Nie L
Chua HK
Velazquez Quesada I
Torelli M
Sternberg M
Gligorijevic B
Shenderova O
Schirhagl R
Feuerstein GZ
author_facet Firestein R
Marcinkiewicz C
Nie L
Chua HK
Velazquez Quesada I
Torelli M
Sternberg M
Gligorijevic B
Shenderova O
Schirhagl R
Feuerstein GZ
author_sort Firestein R
title Pharmacodynamic Studies of Fluorescent Diamond Carriers of Doxorubicin in Liver Cancer Cells and Colorectal Cancer Organoids
title_short Pharmacodynamic Studies of Fluorescent Diamond Carriers of Doxorubicin in Liver Cancer Cells and Colorectal Cancer Organoids
title_full Pharmacodynamic Studies of Fluorescent Diamond Carriers of Doxorubicin in Liver Cancer Cells and Colorectal Cancer Organoids
title_fullStr Pharmacodynamic Studies of Fluorescent Diamond Carriers of Doxorubicin in Liver Cancer Cells and Colorectal Cancer Organoids
title_full_unstemmed Pharmacodynamic Studies of Fluorescent Diamond Carriers of Doxorubicin in Liver Cancer Cells and Colorectal Cancer Organoids
title_sort pharmacodynamic studies of fluorescent diamond carriers of doxorubicin in liver cancer cells and colorectal cancer organoids
publisher Dove Medical Press
publishDate 2021
url https://doaj.org/article/069617cff4c94f28a26f7db7ba2c1c87
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