Microbiological implications of periurban agriculture and water reuse in Mexico City.

<h4>Background</h4>Recycled treated or untreated wastewater represents an important health challenge in developing countries due to potential water related microbiological exposure. Our aim was to assess water quality and health implications in a Mexico City periurban agricultural area.&...

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Autores principales:	Marisa Mazari-Hiriart, Sergio Ponce-de-León, Yolanda López-Vidal, Pilar Islas-Macías, Rosa Isabel Amieva-Fernández, Francisco Quiñones-Falconi
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2008
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/07338fe977314fb08ae1f1025ac65309
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:07338fe977314fb08ae1f1025ac653092021-11-25T06:12:19ZMicrobiological implications of periurban agriculture and water reuse in Mexico City.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0002305https://doaj.org/article/07338fe977314fb08ae1f1025ac653092008-05-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/18509453/pdf/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203<h4>Background</h4>Recycled treated or untreated wastewater represents an important health challenge in developing countries due to potential water related microbiological exposure. Our aim was to assess water quality and health implications in a Mexico City periurban agricultural area.<h4>Methodology/principal findings</h4>A longitudinal study in the Xochimilco wetland area was conducted, and 42 sites were randomly selected from 211, including irrigation water canals and effluents of treatment plants. Sample collection took place during rainy and dry seasons (2000-2001). Microbiological parameters (total coliforms, fecal coliforms, streptococci/enterococci, and bacteria other than Vibrio grown on TCBS), Helicobacter pylori, and physicochemical parameters including trihalomethanes (THM) were determined. Fecal coliforms and fecal streptococci are appropriate indicators of human or animal fecal contamination. Fecal coliform counts surpass Mexican and World Health Organization irrigation water guidelines. Identified microorganisms associated with various pathologies in humans and domestic animals comprise Escherichia coli, Klebsiella spp., Salmonella spp., Enterobacter spp., Enterococcus spp., and Pseudomonas spp; H. pylori was also present in the water. An environmental characteristic of the canal system showed high Total Organic Carbon content and relatively low dissolved oxygen concentration; residual chlorine as a disinfection control is not efficient, but THMs do not represent a problem. During the rainy season, temperature and conductivity were higher; in contrast, pH, dissolved oxygen, ammonia, and residual chlorine were lower. This is related with the continuous load of feces from human and animal sources, and to the aquatic systems, which vary seasonally and exhibit evidence of lower water quality in effluents from treatment plants.<h4>Conclusions/significance</h4>There is a need for improvement of wastewater treatment systems, as well as more efficient monitoring, regulation, and enforcement procedures for wastewater disposal into bodies of water.Marisa Mazari-HiriartSergio Ponce-de-LeónYolanda López-VidalPilar Islas-MacíasRosa Isabel Amieva-FernándezFrancisco Quiñones-FalconiPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 3, Iss 5, p e2305 (2008)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Marisa Mazari-Hiriart Sergio Ponce-de-León Yolanda López-Vidal Pilar Islas-Macías Rosa Isabel Amieva-Fernández Francisco Quiñones-Falconi Microbiological implications of periurban agriculture and water reuse in Mexico City.
description	<h4>Background</h4>Recycled treated or untreated wastewater represents an important health challenge in developing countries due to potential water related microbiological exposure. Our aim was to assess water quality and health implications in a Mexico City periurban agricultural area.<h4>Methodology/principal findings</h4>A longitudinal study in the Xochimilco wetland area was conducted, and 42 sites were randomly selected from 211, including irrigation water canals and effluents of treatment plants. Sample collection took place during rainy and dry seasons (2000-2001). Microbiological parameters (total coliforms, fecal coliforms, streptococci/enterococci, and bacteria other than Vibrio grown on TCBS), Helicobacter pylori, and physicochemical parameters including trihalomethanes (THM) were determined. Fecal coliforms and fecal streptococci are appropriate indicators of human or animal fecal contamination. Fecal coliform counts surpass Mexican and World Health Organization irrigation water guidelines. Identified microorganisms associated with various pathologies in humans and domestic animals comprise Escherichia coli, Klebsiella spp., Salmonella spp., Enterobacter spp., Enterococcus spp., and Pseudomonas spp; H. pylori was also present in the water. An environmental characteristic of the canal system showed high Total Organic Carbon content and relatively low dissolved oxygen concentration; residual chlorine as a disinfection control is not efficient, but THMs do not represent a problem. During the rainy season, temperature and conductivity were higher; in contrast, pH, dissolved oxygen, ammonia, and residual chlorine were lower. This is related with the continuous load of feces from human and animal sources, and to the aquatic systems, which vary seasonally and exhibit evidence of lower water quality in effluents from treatment plants.<h4>Conclusions/significance</h4>There is a need for improvement of wastewater treatment systems, as well as more efficient monitoring, regulation, and enforcement procedures for wastewater disposal into bodies of water.
format	article
author	Marisa Mazari-Hiriart Sergio Ponce-de-León Yolanda López-Vidal Pilar Islas-Macías Rosa Isabel Amieva-Fernández Francisco Quiñones-Falconi
author_facet	Marisa Mazari-Hiriart Sergio Ponce-de-León Yolanda López-Vidal Pilar Islas-Macías Rosa Isabel Amieva-Fernández Francisco Quiñones-Falconi
author_sort	Marisa Mazari-Hiriart
title	Microbiological implications of periurban agriculture and water reuse in Mexico City.
title_short	Microbiological implications of periurban agriculture and water reuse in Mexico City.
title_full	Microbiological implications of periurban agriculture and water reuse in Mexico City.
title_fullStr	Microbiological implications of periurban agriculture and water reuse in Mexico City.
title_full_unstemmed	Microbiological implications of periurban agriculture and water reuse in Mexico City.
title_sort	microbiological implications of periurban agriculture and water reuse in mexico city.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2008
url	https://doaj.org/article/07338fe977314fb08ae1f1025ac65309
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Microbiological implications of periurban agriculture and water reuse in Mexico City.

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