Runx family genes in a cartilaginous fish, the elephant shark (Callorhinchus milii).

The Runx family genes encode transcription factors that play key roles in hematopoiesis, skeletogenesis and neurogenesis and are often implicated in diseases. We describe here the cloning and characterization of Runx1, Runx2, Runx3 and Runxb genes in the elephant shark (Callorhinchus milii), a membe...

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Autores principales:	Giselle Sek Suan Nah, Zhi Wei Lim, Boon-Hui Tay, Motomi Osato, Byrappa Venkatesh
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2014
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/074d692e1b0a4a60b5191675fe4e80eb
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id	oai:doaj.org-article:074d692e1b0a4a60b5191675fe4e80eb
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:074d692e1b0a4a60b5191675fe4e80eb2021-11-18T08:25:00ZRunx family genes in a cartilaginous fish, the elephant shark (Callorhinchus milii).1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0093816https://doaj.org/article/074d692e1b0a4a60b5191675fe4e80eb2014-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/24699678/pdf/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203The Runx family genes encode transcription factors that play key roles in hematopoiesis, skeletogenesis and neurogenesis and are often implicated in diseases. We describe here the cloning and characterization of Runx1, Runx2, Runx3 and Runxb genes in the elephant shark (Callorhinchus milii), a member of Chondrichthyes, the oldest living group of jawed vertebrates. Through the use of alternative promoters and/or alternative splicing, each of the elephant shark Runx genes expresses multiple isoforms similar to their orthologs in human and other bony vertebrates. The expression profiles of elephant shark Runx genes are similar to those of mammalian Runx genes. The syntenic blocks of genes at the elephant shark Runx gene loci are highly conserved in human, but represented by shorter conserved blocks in zebrafish indicating a higher degree of rearrangements in this teleost fish. Analysis of promoter regions revealed conservation of binding sites for transcription factors, including two tandem binding sites for Runx that are totally conserved in the distal promoter regions of elephant shark Runx1-3. Several conserved noncoding elements (CNEs), which are putative cis-regulatory elements, and miRNA binding sites were identified in the elephant shark and human Runx gene loci. Some of these CNEs and miRNA binding sites are absent in teleost fishes such as zebrafish and fugu. In summary, our analysis reveals that the genomic organization and expression profiles of Runx genes were already complex in the common ancestor of jawed vertebrates.Giselle Sek Suan NahZhi Wei LimBoon-Hui TayMotomi OsatoByrappa VenkateshPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 9, Iss 4, p e93816 (2014)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Giselle Sek Suan Nah Zhi Wei Lim Boon-Hui Tay Motomi Osato Byrappa Venkatesh Runx family genes in a cartilaginous fish, the elephant shark (Callorhinchus milii).
description	The Runx family genes encode transcription factors that play key roles in hematopoiesis, skeletogenesis and neurogenesis and are often implicated in diseases. We describe here the cloning and characterization of Runx1, Runx2, Runx3 and Runxb genes in the elephant shark (Callorhinchus milii), a member of Chondrichthyes, the oldest living group of jawed vertebrates. Through the use of alternative promoters and/or alternative splicing, each of the elephant shark Runx genes expresses multiple isoforms similar to their orthologs in human and other bony vertebrates. The expression profiles of elephant shark Runx genes are similar to those of mammalian Runx genes. The syntenic blocks of genes at the elephant shark Runx gene loci are highly conserved in human, but represented by shorter conserved blocks in zebrafish indicating a higher degree of rearrangements in this teleost fish. Analysis of promoter regions revealed conservation of binding sites for transcription factors, including two tandem binding sites for Runx that are totally conserved in the distal promoter regions of elephant shark Runx1-3. Several conserved noncoding elements (CNEs), which are putative cis-regulatory elements, and miRNA binding sites were identified in the elephant shark and human Runx gene loci. Some of these CNEs and miRNA binding sites are absent in teleost fishes such as zebrafish and fugu. In summary, our analysis reveals that the genomic organization and expression profiles of Runx genes were already complex in the common ancestor of jawed vertebrates.
format	article
author	Giselle Sek Suan Nah Zhi Wei Lim Boon-Hui Tay Motomi Osato Byrappa Venkatesh
author_facet	Giselle Sek Suan Nah Zhi Wei Lim Boon-Hui Tay Motomi Osato Byrappa Venkatesh
author_sort	Giselle Sek Suan Nah
title	Runx family genes in a cartilaginous fish, the elephant shark (Callorhinchus milii).
title_short	Runx family genes in a cartilaginous fish, the elephant shark (Callorhinchus milii).
title_full	Runx family genes in a cartilaginous fish, the elephant shark (Callorhinchus milii).
title_fullStr	Runx family genes in a cartilaginous fish, the elephant shark (Callorhinchus milii).
title_full_unstemmed	Runx family genes in a cartilaginous fish, the elephant shark (Callorhinchus milii).
title_sort	runx family genes in a cartilaginous fish, the elephant shark (callorhinchus milii).
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2014
url	https://doaj.org/article/074d692e1b0a4a60b5191675fe4e80eb
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Runx family genes in a cartilaginous fish, the elephant shark (Callorhinchus milii).

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