Frequency-diverse multimode millimetre-wave constant-ϵ r lens-loaded cavity

Abstract This paper presents a physical frequency-diverse multimode lens-loaded cavity, designed and used for the purpose of the direction of arrival (DoA) estimation in millimetre-wave frequency bands for 5G and beyond. The multi-mode mechanism is realized using an electrically-large cavity, genera...

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Autores principales:	M. A. B. Abbasi, V. F. Fusco, O. Yurduseven, T. Fromenteze
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Nature Portfolio 2020
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/07624c6e1d994584a160d66d689c5335
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:07624c6e1d994584a160d66d689c53352021-12-02T13:34:00ZFrequency-diverse multimode millimetre-wave constant-ϵ r lens-loaded cavity10.1038/s41598-020-78964-12045-2322https://doaj.org/article/07624c6e1d994584a160d66d689c53352020-12-01T00:00:00Zhttps://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-78964-1https://doaj.org/toc/2045-2322Abstract This paper presents a physical frequency-diverse multimode lens-loaded cavity, designed and used for the purpose of the direction of arrival (DoA) estimation in millimetre-wave frequency bands for 5G and beyond. The multi-mode mechanism is realized using an electrically-large cavity, generating spatio-temporally incoherent radiation masks leveraging the frequency-diversity principle. It has been shown for the first time that by placing a spherical constant dielectric lens (constant-ϵ r ) in front of the radiating aperture of the cavity, the spatial incoherence of the radiation modes can be enhanced. The lens-loaded cavity requires only a single lens and output port, making the hardware development much simpler and cost-effective compared to conventional DoA estimators where multiple antennas and receivers are classically required. Using the lens-loaded architecture, an increase of up to 6 dB is achieved in the peak gain of the synthesized quasi-random sampling bases from the frequency-diverse cavity. Despite the fact that the practical frequency-diverse cavity uses a limited subset of quasi-orthogonal modes below the upper bound limit of the number of theoretical modes, it is shown that the proposed lens-loaded cavity is capable of accurate DoA estimation. This is achieved thanks to the sufficient orthogonality of the leveraged modes and to the presence of the spherical constant-ϵ r lens which increases the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of the received signal. Experimental results are shown to verify the proposed approach.M. A. B. AbbasiV. F. FuscoO. YurdusevenT. FromentezeNature PortfolioarticleMedicineRScienceQENScientific Reports, Vol 10, Iss 1, Pp 1-12 (2020)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q M. A. B. Abbasi V. F. Fusco O. Yurduseven T. Fromenteze Frequency-diverse multimode millimetre-wave constant-ϵ r lens-loaded cavity
description	Abstract This paper presents a physical frequency-diverse multimode lens-loaded cavity, designed and used for the purpose of the direction of arrival (DoA) estimation in millimetre-wave frequency bands for 5G and beyond. The multi-mode mechanism is realized using an electrically-large cavity, generating spatio-temporally incoherent radiation masks leveraging the frequency-diversity principle. It has been shown for the first time that by placing a spherical constant dielectric lens (constant-ϵ r ) in front of the radiating aperture of the cavity, the spatial incoherence of the radiation modes can be enhanced. The lens-loaded cavity requires only a single lens and output port, making the hardware development much simpler and cost-effective compared to conventional DoA estimators where multiple antennas and receivers are classically required. Using the lens-loaded architecture, an increase of up to 6 dB is achieved in the peak gain of the synthesized quasi-random sampling bases from the frequency-diverse cavity. Despite the fact that the practical frequency-diverse cavity uses a limited subset of quasi-orthogonal modes below the upper bound limit of the number of theoretical modes, it is shown that the proposed lens-loaded cavity is capable of accurate DoA estimation. This is achieved thanks to the sufficient orthogonality of the leveraged modes and to the presence of the spherical constant-ϵ r lens which increases the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of the received signal. Experimental results are shown to verify the proposed approach.
format	article
author	M. A. B. Abbasi V. F. Fusco O. Yurduseven T. Fromenteze
author_facet	M. A. B. Abbasi V. F. Fusco O. Yurduseven T. Fromenteze
author_sort	M. A. B. Abbasi
title	Frequency-diverse multimode millimetre-wave constant-ϵ r lens-loaded cavity
title_short	Frequency-diverse multimode millimetre-wave constant-ϵ r lens-loaded cavity
title_full	Frequency-diverse multimode millimetre-wave constant-ϵ r lens-loaded cavity
title_fullStr	Frequency-diverse multimode millimetre-wave constant-ϵ r lens-loaded cavity
title_full_unstemmed	Frequency-diverse multimode millimetre-wave constant-ϵ r lens-loaded cavity
title_sort	frequency-diverse multimode millimetre-wave constant-ϵ r lens-loaded cavity
publisher	Nature Portfolio
publishDate	2020
url	https://doaj.org/article/07624c6e1d994584a160d66d689c5335
work_keys_str_mv	AT mababbasi frequencydiversemultimodemillimetrewaveconstanterlensloadedcavity AT vffusco frequencydiversemultimodemillimetrewaveconstanterlensloadedcavity AT oyurduseven frequencydiversemultimodemillimetrewaveconstanterlensloadedcavity AT tfromenteze frequencydiversemultimodemillimetrewaveconstanterlensloadedcavity
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Frequency-diverse multimode millimetre-wave constant-ϵ r lens-loaded cavity

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