Causal inference regarding infectious aetiology of chronic conditions: a systematic review.

<h4>Background</h4>The global burden of disease has shifted from communicable diseases in children to chronic diseases in adults. This epidemiologic shift varies greatly by region, but in Europe, chronic conditions account for 86% of all deaths, 77% of the disease burden, and up to 80% o...

Descripción completa

Guardado en:

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales:	Sofia Orrskog, Emma Medin, Svetla Tsolova, Jan C Semenza
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2013
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/0767cb3d9fda41f7bb3f525d628d7ca6
Etiquetas:	Agregar Etiqueta Sin Etiquetas, Sea el primero en etiquetar este registro!

id	oai:doaj.org-article:0767cb3d9fda41f7bb3f525d628d7ca6
record_format	dspace
spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:0767cb3d9fda41f7bb3f525d628d7ca62021-11-18T09:02:59ZCausal inference regarding infectious aetiology of chronic conditions: a systematic review.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0068861https://doaj.org/article/0767cb3d9fda41f7bb3f525d628d7ca62013-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/23935899/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203<h4>Background</h4>The global burden of disease has shifted from communicable diseases in children to chronic diseases in adults. This epidemiologic shift varies greatly by region, but in Europe, chronic conditions account for 86% of all deaths, 77% of the disease burden, and up to 80% of health care expenditures. A number of risk factors have been implicated in chronic diseases, such as exposure to infectious agents. A number of associations have been well established while others remain uncertain.<h4>Methods and findings</h4>We assessed the body of evidence regarding the infectious aetiology of chronic diseases in the peer-reviewed literature over the last decade. Causality was assessed with three different criteria: First, the total number of associations documented in the literature between each infectious agent and chronic condition; second, the epidemiologic study design (quality of the study); third, evidence for the number of Hill's criteria and Koch's postulates that linked the pathogen with the chronic condition. We identified 3136 publications, of which 148 were included in the analysis. There were a total of 75 different infectious agents and 122 chronic conditions. The evidence was strong for five pathogens, based on study type, strength and number of associations; they accounted for 60% of the associations documented in the literature. They were human immunodeficiency virus, hepatitis C virus, Helicobacter pylori, hepatitis B virus, and Chlamydia pneumoniae and were collectively implicated in the aetiology of 37 different chronic conditions. Other pathogens examined were only associated with very few chronic conditions (≤ 3) and when applying the three different criteria of evidence the strength of the causality was weak.<h4>Conclusions</h4>Prevention and treatment of these five pathogens lend themselves as effective public health intervention entry points. By concentrating research efforts on these promising areas, the human, economic, and societal burden arising from chronic conditions can be reduced.Sofia OrrskogEmma MedinSvetla TsolovaJan C SemenzaPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 8, Iss 7, p e68861 (2013)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Sofia Orrskog Emma Medin Svetla Tsolova Jan C Semenza Causal inference regarding infectious aetiology of chronic conditions: a systematic review.
description	<h4>Background</h4>The global burden of disease has shifted from communicable diseases in children to chronic diseases in adults. This epidemiologic shift varies greatly by region, but in Europe, chronic conditions account for 86% of all deaths, 77% of the disease burden, and up to 80% of health care expenditures. A number of risk factors have been implicated in chronic diseases, such as exposure to infectious agents. A number of associations have been well established while others remain uncertain.<h4>Methods and findings</h4>We assessed the body of evidence regarding the infectious aetiology of chronic diseases in the peer-reviewed literature over the last decade. Causality was assessed with three different criteria: First, the total number of associations documented in the literature between each infectious agent and chronic condition; second, the epidemiologic study design (quality of the study); third, evidence for the number of Hill's criteria and Koch's postulates that linked the pathogen with the chronic condition. We identified 3136 publications, of which 148 were included in the analysis. There were a total of 75 different infectious agents and 122 chronic conditions. The evidence was strong for five pathogens, based on study type, strength and number of associations; they accounted for 60% of the associations documented in the literature. They were human immunodeficiency virus, hepatitis C virus, Helicobacter pylori, hepatitis B virus, and Chlamydia pneumoniae and were collectively implicated in the aetiology of 37 different chronic conditions. Other pathogens examined were only associated with very few chronic conditions (≤ 3) and when applying the three different criteria of evidence the strength of the causality was weak.<h4>Conclusions</h4>Prevention and treatment of these five pathogens lend themselves as effective public health intervention entry points. By concentrating research efforts on these promising areas, the human, economic, and societal burden arising from chronic conditions can be reduced.
format	article
author	Sofia Orrskog Emma Medin Svetla Tsolova Jan C Semenza
author_facet	Sofia Orrskog Emma Medin Svetla Tsolova Jan C Semenza
author_sort	Sofia Orrskog
title	Causal inference regarding infectious aetiology of chronic conditions: a systematic review.
title_short	Causal inference regarding infectious aetiology of chronic conditions: a systematic review.
title_full	Causal inference regarding infectious aetiology of chronic conditions: a systematic review.
title_fullStr	Causal inference regarding infectious aetiology of chronic conditions: a systematic review.
title_full_unstemmed	Causal inference regarding infectious aetiology of chronic conditions: a systematic review.
title_sort	causal inference regarding infectious aetiology of chronic conditions: a systematic review.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2013
url	https://doaj.org/article/0767cb3d9fda41f7bb3f525d628d7ca6
work_keys_str_mv	AT sofiaorrskog causalinferenceregardinginfectiousaetiologyofchronicconditionsasystematicreview AT emmamedin causalinferenceregardinginfectiousaetiologyofchronicconditionsasystematicreview AT svetlatsolova causalinferenceregardinginfectiousaetiologyofchronicconditionsasystematicreview AT jancsemenza causalinferenceregardinginfectiousaetiologyofchronicconditionsasystematicreview
_version_	1718420943941926912

Causal inference regarding infectious aetiology of chronic conditions: a systematic review.

Ejemplares similares