Marked variability in the extent of protein disorder within and between viral families.

Intrinsically disordered regions in eukaryotic proteomes contain key signaling and regulatory modules and mediate interactions with many proteins. Many viral proteomes encode disordered proteins and modulate host factors through the use of short linear motifs (SLiMs) embedded within disordered regio...

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Autores principales:	Ravindra Pushker, Catherine Mooney, Norman E Davey, Jean-Marc Jacqué, Denis C Shields
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2013
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/0774bcae68f144c4b3490e53a7f00058
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:0774bcae68f144c4b3490e53a7f000582021-11-18T07:48:48ZMarked variability in the extent of protein disorder within and between viral families.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0060724https://doaj.org/article/0774bcae68f144c4b3490e53a7f000582013-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/23620725/pdf/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203Intrinsically disordered regions in eukaryotic proteomes contain key signaling and regulatory modules and mediate interactions with many proteins. Many viral proteomes encode disordered proteins and modulate host factors through the use of short linear motifs (SLiMs) embedded within disordered regions. However, the degree of viral protein disorder across different viruses is not well understood, so we set out to establish the constraints acting on viruses, in terms of their use of disordered protein regions. We surveyed predicted disorder across 2,278 available viral genomes in 41 families, and correlated the extent of disorder with genome size and other factors. Protein disorder varies strikingly between viral families (from 2.9% to 23.1% of residues), and also within families. However, this substantial variation did not follow the established trend among their hosts, with increasing disorder seen across eubacterial, archaebacterial, protists, and multicellular eukaryotes. For example, among large mammalian viruses, poxviruses and herpesviruses showed markedly differing disorder (5.6% and 17.9%, respectively). Viral families with smaller genome sizes have more disorder within each of five main viral types (ssDNA, dsDNA, ssRNA+, dsRNA, retroviruses), except for negative single-stranded RNA viruses, where disorder increased with genome size. However, surveying over all viruses, which compares tiny and enormous viruses over a much bigger range of genome sizes, there is no strong association of genome size with protein disorder. We conclude that there is extensive variation in the disorder content of viral proteomes. While a proportion of this may relate to base composition, to extent of gene overlap, and to genome size within viral types, there remain important additional family and virus-specific effects. Differing disorder strategies are likely to impact on how different viruses modulate host factors, and on how rapidly viruses can evolve novel instances of SLiMs subverting host functions, such as innate and acquired immunity.Ravindra PushkerCatherine MooneyNorman E DaveyJean-Marc JacquéDenis C ShieldsPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 8, Iss 4, p e60724 (2013)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Ravindra Pushker Catherine Mooney Norman E Davey Jean-Marc Jacqué Denis C Shields Marked variability in the extent of protein disorder within and between viral families.
description	Intrinsically disordered regions in eukaryotic proteomes contain key signaling and regulatory modules and mediate interactions with many proteins. Many viral proteomes encode disordered proteins and modulate host factors through the use of short linear motifs (SLiMs) embedded within disordered regions. However, the degree of viral protein disorder across different viruses is not well understood, so we set out to establish the constraints acting on viruses, in terms of their use of disordered protein regions. We surveyed predicted disorder across 2,278 available viral genomes in 41 families, and correlated the extent of disorder with genome size and other factors. Protein disorder varies strikingly between viral families (from 2.9% to 23.1% of residues), and also within families. However, this substantial variation did not follow the established trend among their hosts, with increasing disorder seen across eubacterial, archaebacterial, protists, and multicellular eukaryotes. For example, among large mammalian viruses, poxviruses and herpesviruses showed markedly differing disorder (5.6% and 17.9%, respectively). Viral families with smaller genome sizes have more disorder within each of five main viral types (ssDNA, dsDNA, ssRNA+, dsRNA, retroviruses), except for negative single-stranded RNA viruses, where disorder increased with genome size. However, surveying over all viruses, which compares tiny and enormous viruses over a much bigger range of genome sizes, there is no strong association of genome size with protein disorder. We conclude that there is extensive variation in the disorder content of viral proteomes. While a proportion of this may relate to base composition, to extent of gene overlap, and to genome size within viral types, there remain important additional family and virus-specific effects. Differing disorder strategies are likely to impact on how different viruses modulate host factors, and on how rapidly viruses can evolve novel instances of SLiMs subverting host functions, such as innate and acquired immunity.
format	article
author	Ravindra Pushker Catherine Mooney Norman E Davey Jean-Marc Jacqué Denis C Shields
author_facet	Ravindra Pushker Catherine Mooney Norman E Davey Jean-Marc Jacqué Denis C Shields
author_sort	Ravindra Pushker
title	Marked variability in the extent of protein disorder within and between viral families.
title_short	Marked variability in the extent of protein disorder within and between viral families.
title_full	Marked variability in the extent of protein disorder within and between viral families.
title_fullStr	Marked variability in the extent of protein disorder within and between viral families.
title_full_unstemmed	Marked variability in the extent of protein disorder within and between viral families.
title_sort	marked variability in the extent of protein disorder within and between viral families.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2013
url	https://doaj.org/article/0774bcae68f144c4b3490e53a7f00058
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Marked variability in the extent of protein disorder within and between viral families.

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