Habitats as complex odour environments: how does plant diversity affect herbivore and parasitoid orientation?

Plant diversity is known to affect success of host location by pest insects, but its effect on olfactory orientation of non-pest insect species has hardly been addressed. First, we tested in laboratory experiments the hypothesis that non-host plants, which increase odour complexity in habitats, affe...

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Autores principales:	Nicole Wäschke, Kristin Hardge, Christine Hancock, Monika Hilker, Elisabeth Obermaier, Torsten Meiners
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2014
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/077ec2b3f693498aac153c7304738f18
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:077ec2b3f693498aac153c7304738f182021-11-18T08:38:10ZHabitats as complex odour environments: how does plant diversity affect herbivore and parasitoid orientation?1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0085152https://doaj.org/article/077ec2b3f693498aac153c7304738f182014-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/24416354/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203Plant diversity is known to affect success of host location by pest insects, but its effect on olfactory orientation of non-pest insect species has hardly been addressed. First, we tested in laboratory experiments the hypothesis that non-host plants, which increase odour complexity in habitats, affect the host location ability of herbivores and parasitoids. Furthermore, we recorded field data of plant diversity in addition to herbivore and parasitoid abundance at 77 grassland sites in three different regions in Germany in order to elucidate whether our laboratory results reflect the field situation. As a model system we used the herb Plantago lanceolata, the herbivorous weevil Mecinus pascuorum, and its larval parasitoid Mesopolobus incultus. The laboratory bioassays revealed that both the herbivorous weevil and its larval parasitoid can locate their host plant and host via olfactory cues even in the presence of non-host odour. In a newly established two-circle olfactometer, the weeviĺs capability to detect host plant odour was not affected by odours from non-host plants. However, addition of non-host plant odours to host plant odour enhanced the weeviĺs foraging activity. The parasitoid was attracted by a combination of host plant and host volatiles in both the absence and presence of non-host plant volatiles in a Y-tube olfactometer. In dual choice tests the parasitoid preferred the blend of host plant and host volatiles over its combination with non-host plant volatiles. In the field, no indication was found that high plant diversity disturbs host (plant) location by the weevil and its parasitoid. In contrast, plant diversity was positively correlated with weevil abundance, whereas parasitoid abundance was independent of plant diversity. Therefore, we conclude that weevils and parasitoids showed the sensory capacity to successfully cope with complex vegetation odours when searching for hosts.Nicole WäschkeKristin HardgeChristine HancockMonika HilkerElisabeth ObermaierTorsten MeinersPublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 9, Iss 1, p e85152 (2014)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Nicole Wäschke Kristin Hardge Christine Hancock Monika Hilker Elisabeth Obermaier Torsten Meiners Habitats as complex odour environments: how does plant diversity affect herbivore and parasitoid orientation?
description	Plant diversity is known to affect success of host location by pest insects, but its effect on olfactory orientation of non-pest insect species has hardly been addressed. First, we tested in laboratory experiments the hypothesis that non-host plants, which increase odour complexity in habitats, affect the host location ability of herbivores and parasitoids. Furthermore, we recorded field data of plant diversity in addition to herbivore and parasitoid abundance at 77 grassland sites in three different regions in Germany in order to elucidate whether our laboratory results reflect the field situation. As a model system we used the herb Plantago lanceolata, the herbivorous weevil Mecinus pascuorum, and its larval parasitoid Mesopolobus incultus. The laboratory bioassays revealed that both the herbivorous weevil and its larval parasitoid can locate their host plant and host via olfactory cues even in the presence of non-host odour. In a newly established two-circle olfactometer, the weeviĺs capability to detect host plant odour was not affected by odours from non-host plants. However, addition of non-host plant odours to host plant odour enhanced the weeviĺs foraging activity. The parasitoid was attracted by a combination of host plant and host volatiles in both the absence and presence of non-host plant volatiles in a Y-tube olfactometer. In dual choice tests the parasitoid preferred the blend of host plant and host volatiles over its combination with non-host plant volatiles. In the field, no indication was found that high plant diversity disturbs host (plant) location by the weevil and its parasitoid. In contrast, plant diversity was positively correlated with weevil abundance, whereas parasitoid abundance was independent of plant diversity. Therefore, we conclude that weevils and parasitoids showed the sensory capacity to successfully cope with complex vegetation odours when searching for hosts.
format	article
author	Nicole Wäschke Kristin Hardge Christine Hancock Monika Hilker Elisabeth Obermaier Torsten Meiners
author_facet	Nicole Wäschke Kristin Hardge Christine Hancock Monika Hilker Elisabeth Obermaier Torsten Meiners
author_sort	Nicole Wäschke
title	Habitats as complex odour environments: how does plant diversity affect herbivore and parasitoid orientation?
title_short	Habitats as complex odour environments: how does plant diversity affect herbivore and parasitoid orientation?
title_full	Habitats as complex odour environments: how does plant diversity affect herbivore and parasitoid orientation?
title_fullStr	Habitats as complex odour environments: how does plant diversity affect herbivore and parasitoid orientation?
title_full_unstemmed	Habitats as complex odour environments: how does plant diversity affect herbivore and parasitoid orientation?
title_sort	habitats as complex odour environments: how does plant diversity affect herbivore and parasitoid orientation?
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2014
url	https://doaj.org/article/077ec2b3f693498aac153c7304738f18
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Habitats as complex odour environments: how does plant diversity affect herbivore and parasitoid orientation?

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