Do Lipid-based Nanoparticles Hold Promise for Advancing the Clinical Translation of Anticancer Alkaloids?

Since the commercialization of morphine in 1826, numerous alkaloids have been isolated and exploited effectively for the betterment of mankind, including cancer treatment. However, the commercialization of alkaloids as anticancer agents has generally been limited by serious side effects due to their...

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Autores principales:	Jian Sheng Loh, Li Kar Stella Tan, Wai Leng Lee, Long Chiau Ming, Chee Wun How, Jhi Biau Foo, Nurolaini Kifli, Bey Hing Goh, Yong Sze Ong
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	MDPI AG 2021
Materias:	alkaloid anticancer lipid-based nanoparticles liposome solid lipid nanoparticle nanostructured lipid carriers Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens RC254-282
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/07a906a40cd945d1a5c8859d61338706
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:07a906a40cd945d1a5c8859d613387062021-11-11T15:28:49ZDo Lipid-based Nanoparticles Hold Promise for Advancing the Clinical Translation of Anticancer Alkaloids?10.3390/cancers132153462072-6694https://doaj.org/article/07a906a40cd945d1a5c8859d613387062021-10-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/13/21/5346https://doaj.org/toc/2072-6694Since the commercialization of morphine in 1826, numerous alkaloids have been isolated and exploited effectively for the betterment of mankind, including cancer treatment. However, the commercialization of alkaloids as anticancer agents has generally been limited by serious side effects due to their lack of specificity to cancer cells, indiscriminate tissue distribution and toxic formulation excipients. Lipid-based nanoparticles represent the most effective drug delivery system concerning clinical translation owing to their unique, appealing characteristics for drug delivery. To the extent of our knowledge, this is the first review to compile in vitro and in vivo evidence of encapsulating anticancer alkaloids in lipid-based nanoparticles. Alkaloids encapsulated in lipid-based nanoparticles have generally displayed enhanced in vitro cytotoxicity and an improved in vivo efficacy and toxicity profile than free alkaloids in various cancers. Encapsulated alkaloids also demonstrated the ability to overcome multidrug resistance in vitro and in vivo. These findings support the broad application of lipid-based nanoparticles to encapsulate anticancer alkaloids and facilitate their clinical translation. The review then discusses several limitations of the studies analyzed, particularly the discrepancies in reporting the pharmacokinetics, biodistribution and toxicity data. Finally, we conclude with examples of clinically successful encapsulated alkaloids that have received regulatory approval and are undergoing clinical evaluation.Jian Sheng LohLi Kar Stella TanWai Leng LeeLong Chiau MingChee Wun HowJhi Biau FooNurolaini KifliBey Hing GohYong Sze OngMDPI AGarticlealkaloidanticancerlipid-based nanoparticlesliposomesolid lipid nanoparticlenanostructured lipid carriersNeoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogensRC254-282ENCancers, Vol 13, Iss 5346, p 5346 (2021)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	alkaloid anticancer lipid-based nanoparticles liposome solid lipid nanoparticle nanostructured lipid carriers Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens RC254-282
spellingShingle	alkaloid anticancer lipid-based nanoparticles liposome solid lipid nanoparticle nanostructured lipid carriers Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens RC254-282 Jian Sheng Loh Li Kar Stella Tan Wai Leng Lee Long Chiau Ming Chee Wun How Jhi Biau Foo Nurolaini Kifli Bey Hing Goh Yong Sze Ong Do Lipid-based Nanoparticles Hold Promise for Advancing the Clinical Translation of Anticancer Alkaloids?
description	Since the commercialization of morphine in 1826, numerous alkaloids have been isolated and exploited effectively for the betterment of mankind, including cancer treatment. However, the commercialization of alkaloids as anticancer agents has generally been limited by serious side effects due to their lack of specificity to cancer cells, indiscriminate tissue distribution and toxic formulation excipients. Lipid-based nanoparticles represent the most effective drug delivery system concerning clinical translation owing to their unique, appealing characteristics for drug delivery. To the extent of our knowledge, this is the first review to compile in vitro and in vivo evidence of encapsulating anticancer alkaloids in lipid-based nanoparticles. Alkaloids encapsulated in lipid-based nanoparticles have generally displayed enhanced in vitro cytotoxicity and an improved in vivo efficacy and toxicity profile than free alkaloids in various cancers. Encapsulated alkaloids also demonstrated the ability to overcome multidrug resistance in vitro and in vivo. These findings support the broad application of lipid-based nanoparticles to encapsulate anticancer alkaloids and facilitate their clinical translation. The review then discusses several limitations of the studies analyzed, particularly the discrepancies in reporting the pharmacokinetics, biodistribution and toxicity data. Finally, we conclude with examples of clinically successful encapsulated alkaloids that have received regulatory approval and are undergoing clinical evaluation.
format	article
author	Jian Sheng Loh Li Kar Stella Tan Wai Leng Lee Long Chiau Ming Chee Wun How Jhi Biau Foo Nurolaini Kifli Bey Hing Goh Yong Sze Ong
author_facet	Jian Sheng Loh Li Kar Stella Tan Wai Leng Lee Long Chiau Ming Chee Wun How Jhi Biau Foo Nurolaini Kifli Bey Hing Goh Yong Sze Ong
author_sort	Jian Sheng Loh
title	Do Lipid-based Nanoparticles Hold Promise for Advancing the Clinical Translation of Anticancer Alkaloids?
title_short	Do Lipid-based Nanoparticles Hold Promise for Advancing the Clinical Translation of Anticancer Alkaloids?
title_full	Do Lipid-based Nanoparticles Hold Promise for Advancing the Clinical Translation of Anticancer Alkaloids?
title_fullStr	Do Lipid-based Nanoparticles Hold Promise for Advancing the Clinical Translation of Anticancer Alkaloids?
title_full_unstemmed	Do Lipid-based Nanoparticles Hold Promise for Advancing the Clinical Translation of Anticancer Alkaloids?
title_sort	do lipid-based nanoparticles hold promise for advancing the clinical translation of anticancer alkaloids?
publisher	MDPI AG
publishDate	2021
url	https://doaj.org/article/07a906a40cd945d1a5c8859d61338706
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Do Lipid-based Nanoparticles Hold Promise for Advancing the Clinical Translation of Anticancer Alkaloids?

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