Bird communities of the arctic shrub tundra of Yamal: habitat specialists and generalists.

<h4>Background</h4>The ratio of habitat generalists to specialists in birds has been suggested as a good indicator of ecosystem changes due to e.g. climate change and other anthropogenic perturbations. Most studies focusing on this functional component of biodiversity originate, however,...

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Autores principales:	Vasiliy Sokolov, Dorothée Ehrich, Nigel G Yoccoz, Alexander Sokolov, Nicolas Lecomte
Formato:	article
Lenguaje:	EN
Publicado:	Public Library of Science (PLoS) 2012
Materias:	Medicine R Science Q
Acceso en línea:	https://doaj.org/article/07d17bdffb8048208734f4914732bcdf
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spelling	oai:doaj.org-article:07d17bdffb8048208734f4914732bcdf2021-11-18T08:05:39ZBird communities of the arctic shrub tundra of Yamal: habitat specialists and generalists.1932-620310.1371/journal.pone.0050335https://doaj.org/article/07d17bdffb8048208734f4914732bcdf2012-01-01T00:00:00Zhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmid/23239978/?tool=EBIhttps://doaj.org/toc/1932-6203<h4>Background</h4>The ratio of habitat generalists to specialists in birds has been suggested as a good indicator of ecosystem changes due to e.g. climate change and other anthropogenic perturbations. Most studies focusing on this functional component of biodiversity originate, however, from temperate regions. The Eurasian Arctic tundra is currently experiencing an unprecedented combination of climate change, change in grazing pressure by domestic reindeer and growing human activity.<h4>Methodology/principal findings</h4>Here we monitored bird communities in a tundra landscape harbouring shrub and open habitats in order to analyse bird habitat relationships and quantify habitat specialization. We used ordination methods to analyse habitat associations and estimated the proportions of specialists in each of the main habitats. Correspondence Analysis identified three main bird communities, inhabiting upland, lowland and dense willow shrubs. We documented a stable structure of communities despite large multiannual variations of bird density (from 90 to 175 pairs/km(2)). Willow shrub thickets were a hotspot for bird density, but not for species richness. The thickets hosted many specialized species whose main distribution area was south of the tundra.<h4>Conclusion/significance</h4>If current arctic changes result in a shrubification of the landscape as many studies suggested, we would expect an increase in the overall bird abundance together with an increase of local specialists, since they are associated with willow thickets. The majority of these species have a southern origin and their increase in abundance would represent a strengthening of the boreal component in the southern tundra, perhaps at the expense of species typical of the subarctic zone, which appear to be generalists within this zone.Vasiliy SokolovDorothée EhrichNigel G YoccozAlexander SokolovNicolas LecomtePublic Library of Science (PLoS)articleMedicineRScienceQENPLoS ONE, Vol 7, Iss 12, p e50335 (2012)
institution	DOAJ
collection	DOAJ
language	EN
topic	Medicine R Science Q
spellingShingle	Medicine R Science Q Vasiliy Sokolov Dorothée Ehrich Nigel G Yoccoz Alexander Sokolov Nicolas Lecomte Bird communities of the arctic shrub tundra of Yamal: habitat specialists and generalists.
description	<h4>Background</h4>The ratio of habitat generalists to specialists in birds has been suggested as a good indicator of ecosystem changes due to e.g. climate change and other anthropogenic perturbations. Most studies focusing on this functional component of biodiversity originate, however, from temperate regions. The Eurasian Arctic tundra is currently experiencing an unprecedented combination of climate change, change in grazing pressure by domestic reindeer and growing human activity.<h4>Methodology/principal findings</h4>Here we monitored bird communities in a tundra landscape harbouring shrub and open habitats in order to analyse bird habitat relationships and quantify habitat specialization. We used ordination methods to analyse habitat associations and estimated the proportions of specialists in each of the main habitats. Correspondence Analysis identified three main bird communities, inhabiting upland, lowland and dense willow shrubs. We documented a stable structure of communities despite large multiannual variations of bird density (from 90 to 175 pairs/km(2)). Willow shrub thickets were a hotspot for bird density, but not for species richness. The thickets hosted many specialized species whose main distribution area was south of the tundra.<h4>Conclusion/significance</h4>If current arctic changes result in a shrubification of the landscape as many studies suggested, we would expect an increase in the overall bird abundance together with an increase of local specialists, since they are associated with willow thickets. The majority of these species have a southern origin and their increase in abundance would represent a strengthening of the boreal component in the southern tundra, perhaps at the expense of species typical of the subarctic zone, which appear to be generalists within this zone.
format	article
author	Vasiliy Sokolov Dorothée Ehrich Nigel G Yoccoz Alexander Sokolov Nicolas Lecomte
author_facet	Vasiliy Sokolov Dorothée Ehrich Nigel G Yoccoz Alexander Sokolov Nicolas Lecomte
author_sort	Vasiliy Sokolov
title	Bird communities of the arctic shrub tundra of Yamal: habitat specialists and generalists.
title_short	Bird communities of the arctic shrub tundra of Yamal: habitat specialists and generalists.
title_full	Bird communities of the arctic shrub tundra of Yamal: habitat specialists and generalists.
title_fullStr	Bird communities of the arctic shrub tundra of Yamal: habitat specialists and generalists.
title_full_unstemmed	Bird communities of the arctic shrub tundra of Yamal: habitat specialists and generalists.
title_sort	bird communities of the arctic shrub tundra of yamal: habitat specialists and generalists.
publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
publishDate	2012
url	https://doaj.org/article/07d17bdffb8048208734f4914732bcdf
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Bird communities of the arctic shrub tundra of Yamal: habitat specialists and generalists.

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